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REG - British Empire Sec - Annual Financial Report <Origin Href="QuoteRef">BTEM.L</Origin> - Part 3

- Part 3: For the preceding part double click  ID:nRSJ5283Wb 

ended 30 September 2014, the fee calculated in accordance with the Investment Management Agreement amounted to
0.7% (2013: 0.6%) of the net asset value calculated on a quarterly basis. 
 
Details of the Investment Management Agreement and fees paid to the Investment Manager are set out above. 
 
4. Finance costs 
 
                                            2014     2014            2013     2013            
                                            Revenue  Capital  2014   Revenue  Capital  2013   
                                            return   return   Total  return   return   Total  
                                            £'000    £'000    £'000  £'000    £'000    £'000  
 Bank overdraft interest                    3        7        10     17       -        17     
 Interest on other loans                    366      853      1,219  1,343    -        1,343  
 Amortisation of debenture issue expenses*  -        8        8      -        7        7      
                                                                                              
                                            369      868      1,237  1,360    7        1,367  
 
 
*See note 12. 
 
5. Taxation 
 
                                            2014     2014            2013     2013              
                                            Revenue  Capital  2014   Revenue  Capital  2013     
                                            return   return   Total  return   return   Total    
                                            £'000    £'000    £'000  £'000    £'000    £'000    
 (a) Analysis of charge in year                                                                 
 Corporation tax                            -        -        -      -        -        -        
                                                                                                
 Foreign withholding tax                    1,027    -        1,027  3,215    -        3,215    
 Overseas tax reclaimable                   (503)    -        (503)  (1,239)  -        (1,239)  
                                                                                                
 Total current tax for year(see note 5(b))  524      -        524    1,976    -        1,976    
                                                                                                
 Deferred tax                               -        -        -      -        (8)      (8)      
                                                                                                
 Total deferred tax for year                -        -        -      -        (8)      (8)      
                                                                                                
 Total tax for year                         524      -        524    1,976    (8)      1,968    
 
 
(b) Factors affecting current tax charge for the period 
 
The tax assessed for the year is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK for a large company of 22%
(2013: 23.52%). 
 
                                                          2014     2014              2013     2013                
                                                          Revenue  Capital  2014     Revenue  Capital   2013      
                                                          return   return   Total    return   Return    Total     
                                                          £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000     £'000     
 Profit before taxation                                   14,351   35,381   49,732   23,751   77,135    100,886   
                                                                                                                  
 Corporation tax at 22%* (2013: 23.52%)                   3,157    7,784    10,941   5,586    18,142    23,728    
                                                                                                                  
 Effects of:                                                                                                      
 Capital gains not subject to tax                         -        (8,885)  (8,885)  -        (18,971)  (18,971)  
 Revaluation of Equities Index Unsecured Loan Stock 2013  -        -        -        7        -         7         
 Non-taxable UK dividends                                 (238)    -        (238)    -        -         -         
 Non-taxable overseas dividends                           (3,131)  -        (3,131)  (6,701)  -         (6,701)   
 Overseas tax suffered                                    524      -        524      1,976    -         1,976     
 Disallowable management expenses                         7        -        7        -        -         -         
 Movement in unutilised management expenses               205      1,101    1,306    1,108    829       1,937     
 Movement in deferred tax                                 -        -        -        -        (8)       (8)       
                                                                                                                  
 Total tax charge for the year (note 5 (a))               524      -        524      1,976    (8)       1,968     
 
 
*Under the Finance Act 2013, the rate of corporation tax was lowered to 21% from 23% on 1 April 2014. An average rate of
22% is applicable for the year ended 30 September 2014. 
 
(c) Unrecognised tax losses 
 
The Company has a tax loss of £32,589,000 carried forward at the Balance Sheet date which is available indefinitely for
offset against future taxable profits. A potential deferred tax asset of £6,517,800 (based on 20% tax rate) has not been
recognised in respect of this tax loss as there is uncertainty over whether there will be sufficient future taxable profits
against which this tax loss can be offset. 
 
6. Dividends 
 
                                                                                                  2014    2013    
                                                                                                  £'000   £'000   
 Amounts recognised as distributions to equity holders in the year:                                               
 Final dividend for the year ended 30 September 2013 of 8.50p (2012: 7.50p) per Ordinary Share    12,885  11,836  
 Special dividend for the year ended 30 September 2013 of 2.50p (2012: 3.50p) per Ordinary Share  3,790   5,523   
 Interim dividend for the year ended 30 September 2014 of 2.00p (2013: 2.00p) per Ordinary Share  2,946   3,136   
                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                  19,621  20,495  
                                                                                                                  
 
 
Set out below are the interim, final and special dividends paid or proposed on Ordinary Shares in respect of the financial
year, which is the basis on which the requirements of Section 1159 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 are considered. 
 
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                          
 Interim dividend for the year ended 30 September 2014 of 2.00p (2013: 2.00p) per Ordinary Share         2,946    3,136   
 Proposed final dividend for the year ended 30 September 2014 of 8.50p (2013: 8.50p) per Ordinary Share  12,116*  12,924  
 Proposed special dividend for the year ended 30 September 2014 of nil (2013: 2.50p) per Ordinary Share  -        3,801   
                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                         15,062   19,861  
 
 
* Based on shares in circulation on 5 November 2014. 
 
7. Earnings per Ordinary Share 
 
        2014     2014     2014    2013     2013     2013    
        Revenue  Capital  Total   Revenue  Capital  Total   
                                                            
 Basic  9.29p    23.76p   33.05p  13.90p   49.24p   63.14p  
 
 
The total basic earnings per Ordinary Share is based on Group net profit for the financial year of £49,208,000 (2013:
£98,918,000) and on 148,907,851 (2013: 156,665,364) Ordinary Shares, being the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares
in issue (excluding shares in treasury) during the year. 
 
The total basic earnings per Ordinary Share figures detailed above can be further analysed between revenue and capital, as
below. 
 
The basic revenue earnings per Ordinary Share is based on Group revenue after taxation for the financial year of
£13,827,000 (2013: £21,775,000) and on 148,907,851 (2013: 156,665,364) Ordinary Shares, being the weighted average number
of Ordinary Shares in issue (excluding shares in treasury) during the year. 
 
The basic capital earnings per Ordinary Share is based on Group net profit for the financial year of £35,381,000 (2013:
£77,143,000) and on 148,907,851 (2013: 156,665,364) Ordinary Shares, being the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares
in issue (excluding shares in treasury) during the year. 
 
8. Investments held at fair value through profit or loss 
 
                                                                         Listed  investments  Unlisted investments  Group total  investments  Investment in subsidiary  Company total investments  
                                                                         £'000                £'000                 £'000                     £'000                     £'000                      
 (a) Securities                                                                                                                                                                                    
 Opening book cost                                                       768,555              9,530                 778,085                   250                       778,335                    
 Opening investment holding gains/(losses)                               71,616               (3,347)               68,269                    1,762                     70,031                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 Opening fair value                                                      840,171              6,183                 846,354                   2,012                     848,366                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 Movement in the year:                                                                                                                                                                             
 Purchases at cost:                                                                                                                                                                                
 Equities                                                                480,270              935                   481,205                   -                         481,205                    
 Bonds                                                                   221,125              -                     221,125                   -                         221,125                    
 Sales - proceeds:                                                                                                                                                                                 
 Equities                                                                (645,942)            (196)                 (646,138)                 -                         (646,138)                  
 Bonds                                                                   (105,358)            -                     (105,358)                 -                         (105,358)                  
 - realised gains/(losses) on sales                                      42,445               (5,100)*              37,345                    -                         37,345                     
 Movement in investment holding gains/(losses)                                                                                                                                                     
 -  reversal of unrealised (appreciation)/depreciation upon realisation  (8,061)              5,235                 (2,826)                   (1,762)                   (4,588)                    
 - movement in unrealised appreciation/(depreciation)                    11,517               (4,441)               7,076                     -                         7,076                      
                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 Closing fair value                                                      836,167              2,616                 838,783                   250                       839,033                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 Closing book cost                                                       761,095              5,169                 766,264                   250                       766,514                    
 Closing investment holding gains/(losses)                               75,072               (2,553)               72,519                    -                         72,519                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 Closing fair value                                                      836,167              2,616                 838,783                   250                       839,033                    
 
 
* The realisation of the loss relating to the Company's holding in Resaca Exploitation which was included in opening
investment holding losses. 
 
                                                        Group   Company  
                                                        £'000   £'000    
 (b) Gains on investments                                                
 Gains on sales of securities based on historical cost  37,345  37,345   
 Movement in investment holding gains for the year      4,250   2,488    
                                                                         
 Net gains on investments                               41,595  39,833   
 
 
(c) Transaction costs 
 
Investment transaction costs on purchases and sales of investments during the year to 30 September 2014 amounted to
£1,411,000 and £881,000 respectively (2013: £778,000 and £626,000 respectively). 
 
9. Subsidiary undertaking 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 The Group consists of the Company and its one subsidiary, BEST Securities Limited.  
 Name of undertaking                                                                 Principal activity  Country of incorporation and operation  Description of shares held  Proportion of nominal value of issued shares and voting rights held by:  
 Company (%)                                                                         Group (%)           
 BEST Securities Limited                                                             Dealing Subsidiary  England                                 Ordinary                    100                                                                      100  
 
 
10. Other receivables 
 
                                 Company  Group  
                                 2014     2013   2014   2013   
                                 £'000    £'000  £'000  £'000  
 Sales for future settlement     -        3,305  -      3,305  
 Overseas tax recoverable*       2,542    2,640  2,542  2,640  
 Prepayments and accrued income  669      2,403  669    2,403  
 VAT recoverable                 14       1      14     1      
                                                               
                                 3,225    8,349  3,225  8,349  
 
 
* This relates to withholding tax in a number of countries which is in the process of being reclaimed and which the Company
expects to receive in due course. 
 
No amounts are past due or impaired. The carrying value approximates to fair value. 
 
11. Other payables 
 
                                          Company  Group  
                                          2014     2013   2014   2013   
                                          £'000    £'000  £'000  £'000  
 Purchases for future settlement          2,080    90     2,080  90     
 Amounts owed for share buybacks          2,786    870    2,786  870    
 Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings  250      2,013  -      -      
 Other creditors                          1,197    1,464  1,197  1,467  
                                                                        
                                          6,313    4,437  6,063  2,427  
 
 
The carrying value approximates to fair value. 
 
12. Non-current liabilities 
 
                                      Group & Company  
                                      2014             2013    
                                      £'000            £'000   
 8 1/8 per cent Debenture Stock 2023  14,936           14,928  
                                                               
                                      14,936           14,928  
 
 
The movement on the 8 1/8 per cent Debenture Stock 2023 represents the amortisation of issue expenses. The market value of
the Debenture Stock as at 30 September 2014 was £18.5 million (2013: £18.5 million). The effect on the NAV per share of
deducting the Debenture Stock at market value rather than par is disclosed in note 15. 
 
The mid-market price of the 8 1/8 per cent Debenture Stock 2023 as at 30 September 2014 was 123.50p (2013: 123.50p). 
 
The Debenture Stock is secured by a floating charge over all of the assets of the Company. 
 
Further information on the Debenture Stock is set out in the full Annual Report. 
 
13. Provision for deferred tax 
 
                                                                      Group & Company  
                                                                      2014             2013   
                                                                      £'000            £'000  
 Provided                                                                                     
 In respect of the origination and reversal of temporary differences  -                (8)    
                                                                                              
                                                                      -                8      
                                                                                              
 The movement in the provision for deferred taxation is as follows:                           
 Opening balance                                                      19               27     
 Charge to capital account                                            -                (8)    
                                                                                              
 Closing balance                                                      19               19     
 
 
                                                    2014   2013   
                                                    £'000  £'000  
 The deferred tax provision is made up as follows:                
 Equities Index Unsecured Loan Stock 2013           19     19     
                                                                  
 Closing balance                                    19     19     
 
 
14. Called-up share capital (Group and Company) 
 
                                                         Ordinary Shares of 10p each  
                                                         Shares                       Nominal value£'000  
 Authorised:                                                                                              
 Balance throughout the year                             245,000,000                  24,500              
                                                                                                          
 Allotted, called up and fully paid:                                                                      
 Balance at beginning of year                            160,014,089                  16,001              
 Cancellation of Ordinary Shares                         -                            -                   
                                                                                                          
 Balance at end of year                                  160,014,089                  16,001              
                                                                                                          
 Treasury Shares:                                                                                         
 Balance at beginning of year                            (7,025,201)                                      
 Buyback of Ordinary Shares into treasury                (9,394,016)                                      
                                                                                                          
 Balance at end of year                                  (16,419,217)                                     
                                                                                                          
 Total Ordinary Share capital excluding Treasury Shares  143,594,872                                      
 
 
During the year, 9,394,016 (2013: 5,106,097) Ordinary Shares with a nominal value of £939,401.60 and representing 5.87% of
the issued share capital, were bought back and placed in treasury for an aggregate consideration of £47,058,009 (2013:
£25,192,951). No Ordinary Shares were bought back for cancellation (2013: nil). 
 
15. Net asset value 
 
The net asset value per share and the net asset value attributable to the Ordinary Shares at the year end are calculated in
accordance with their entitlements in the Articles of Association and were as follows: 
 
                          Net asset value per share attributable  
                          Group and Company                       
                          2014                                    2013     
                          p                                       p        
                                                                           
 Ordinary Shares (basic)  575.92                                  551.97   
                                                                           
                                                                  
                          Net asset value attributable            
                          Group and Company                       
                          2014                                    2013     
                          £'000                                   £'000    
                                                                           
 Ordinary Shares (basic)  826,984                                 844,455  
 
 
The movement during the year of the Group assets attributable to the Ordinary Shares was as follows: 
 
                                                     2014      2013      
                                                     Ordinary  Ordinary  
                                                     Shares    Shares    
                                                     (basic)   (basic)   
                                                     £'000     £'000     
 Total net assets attributable at beginning of year  844,455   791,225   
 Ordinary Shares bought back and held in treasury    (47,058)  (25,193)  
 Total comprehensive income for the year             49,208    98,918    
 Dividends appropriated in the year                  (19,621)  (20,495)  
                                                                         
                                                     826,984   844,455   
 
 
Basic net asset value per Ordinary Share is based on net assets and on 143,594,872 (2013: 152,988,888) Ordinary Shares,
being the number of Ordinary Shares in issue excluding Treasury Shares at the year end. 
 
At the year end, the net asset value per Ordinary Share adjusted to include the Debenture Stock at market value rather
amortised cost was 573.42p (2013: 549.62p). 
 
16.  Analysis of cash and cash equivalents at end of year 
 
                              At                             At            
                              30 September  Cash   Exchange  30 September  
                              2013          flow   movement  2014          
                              £'000         £'000  £'000     £'000         
 Group                                                                     
 Cash at bank and on deposit  7,126         78     (1,210)   5,994         
                                                                           
 Company                                                                   
 Cash at bank and on deposit  7,124         80     (1,210)   5,994         
 
 
17.  Financial instruments and capital disclosures 
 
Risk management policies and procedures 
 
The investment objective of the Group is to achieve capital growth through a focused portfolio of investments, particularly
in companies whose share prices stand at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. 
 
The Group's financial instruments comprise equity and fixed interest investments, cash balances and borrowings. The Group
makes use of borrowings to achieve improved performance in rising markets. The risk of borrowings may be reduced by raising
the level of cash balances or fixed interest investments held. 
 
The Group may also enter into derivative transactions which comprise forward foreign exchange contracts (the purpose of
which is to manage currency risk arising from the Group's investing activities) and quoted options on indices appropriate
to sections of the portfolio (the purpose of which is to provide protection against falls in the capital values of the
holdings). The Group has not used derivatives during the current financial year as part of its investment strategy. 
 
The Board sets out its investment policies in the full Annual Report. 
 
The Board and Investment Manager consider and review the risks inherent in managing the Group's assets which are detailed
below. 
 
 Currency exposure                                                              Sterling  Euro     CAD$    US$      Other    Total     
                                                                                £'000     £'000    £'000   £'000    £'000    £'000     
 At 30 September 2014                                                                                                                  
 Investments held at fair value through profit or loss that are monetary items  6,041     -        -       19,738   -        25,779    
 Other receivables                                                              46        740      79      352      2,008    3,225     
 Cash and cash equivalents                                                      5,852     -        141     -        1        5,994     
 Other payables                                                                 (3,983)   -        -       (2,080)  -        (6,063)   
 8 1/8% Debenture Stock 2023                                                    (14,936)  -        -       -        -        (14,936)  
 Provision for deferred tax                                                     (19)      -        -       -        -        (19)      
                                                                                                                                       
 Currency exposure on net monetary items                                        (6,999)   740      220     18,010   2,009    13,980    
 Investments held at fair value through profit or loss that are equities        116,173   227,409  84,331  194,967  190,124  813,004   
                                                                                                                                       
 Total net currency exposure                                                    109,174   228,149  84,551  212,977  192,133  826,984   
 
 
This exposure is representative at the Balance Sheet date and may not be representative of the year as a whole. 
 
                                                                                Sterling  Euro     CAD$     US$      Other    Total     
                                                                                £'000     £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000     
 At 30 September 2013                                                                                                                   
 Investments held at fair value through profit or loss that are monetary items  86,865    -        -        43,183   -        130,048   
 Other receivables                                                              1,035     1,085    3,535    309      2,385    8,349     
 Cash and cash equivalents                                                      6,688     -        1        -        437      7,126     
 Other payables                                                                 (2,337)   -        -        (90)     -        (2,427)   
 8 1/8% Debenture Stock 2023                                                    (14,928)  -        -        -        -        (14,928)  
 Provision for deferred tax                                                     (19)      -        -        -        -        (19)      
                                                                                                                                        
 Currency exposure on net monetary items                                        77,304    1,085    3,536    43,402   2,822    128,149   
 Investments held at fair value through profit or loss that are equities        59,762    150,054  107,028  132,920  266,542  716,306   
                                                                                                                                        
 Total net currency exposure                                                    137,066   151,139  110,564  176,322  269,364  844,455   
 
 
The value of the Group's assets and the total return earned by the Company's shareholders can be significantly affected by
foreign exchange rate movements as some of the Group's assets are denominated in currencies other than Pounds Sterling, the
currency in which the Company's financial statements are prepared. It is not the Group's usual policy to hedge this risk.
Income denominated in foreign currencies is converted to Pounds Sterling upon receipt. 
 
During the year, the Company did not enter into any forward foreign exchange contracts. There were no open forward foreign
exchange contracts as at 30 September 2014. 
 
Over the year, the Pound Sterling strengthened against the Group's principal investing currencies, the US Dollar by 0.11%
(2013: 0.28%), the Canadian Dollar by 8.84% (2013: 4.76%) and the Euro by 7.28% (2013: weakened 4.69%). 
 
A 5% rise or decline of the Pound Sterling against foreign currency denominated (i.e. non Pound Sterling) assets and
liabilities held at the year end would have decreased/increased the total return and net asset value by £35,891,000 (2013:
£35,369,000). 
 
Interest rate risk 
 
Interest rate movements may affect: 
 
• the fair value of investments in fixed-interest rate securities; 
 
• the level of income receivable on cash deposits; 
 
• the interest payable on variable rate borrowings; and 
 
• the fair value of the Company's long term debt. 
 
The possible effects on fair value and cash flows that could arise as a result of changes in interest rates are taken into
account when making investment decisions. The Company, generally, does not hold significant cash balances, with short-term
borrowings being used when required. 
 
The Debenture Stock, issued by the Company as a planned level of gearing, pays a fixed rate of interest and is carried in
the Company's Balance Sheet at amortised cost rather than at fair value. Hence, movements in interest rates will not affect
equity but may have an impact on the Company's share price and discount/premium, which is not likely to be material.
Further information on the Debenture Stock is shown in note 12. 
 
The exposure at 30 September of financial assets and financial liabilities to interest rate risk is shown by reference to: 
 
 ●  ·      floating interest rates  
 ●  ·      fixed interest rates     
 
 
                                                                At 30 September 2014£'000  At 30 September 2013£'000  
 Exposure to floating interest rates:Cash and cash equivalents  5,994                      7,126                      
 
 
If the above level of cash was maintained for a year, a 1% increase/decrease in LIBOR would increase/decrease the revenue
return and net assets by £60,000 (2013: £71,000). 
 
                                                                                                                                                                  £'000            
 Exposure to fixed interest rates:Investments held at fair value through profit or loss8 1/8 per cent Debenture Stock 2023 (fair value based on market prices)    25,779 (18,525)  
                                                                                                                                                                  7,254            
 
 
The impact of holding the Debenture Stock at fair value would be to reduce the Group's net assets by £3,589,000. 
 
The maturity dates and the nominal interest rates on the investments held at fair value through profit or loss are shown in
the Investment Portfolio above. The weighted average effective interest rate on these investments is 0.15% (2013: 0.20%). 
 
The Company's fixed income portfolio at the year end was valued at £25,779,000 (2013: £130,048,000). A 1% increase/decrease
in relevant market interest rates would be expected to decrease/increase the portfolio's value by approximately £58,000
(2013: £378,000), all other factors being equal. 
 
The fair value of the Company's Debenture Stock at the year end was £18,525,000 (2013: £18,525,000). A 1% increase/decrease
in the applicable interest rates would be expected to decrease/increase the fair values of the Debenture Stock by
approximately £1,198,000 (2013: £1,208,000), all other factors being equal. 
 
Market price risk 
 
The management of market price risk is part of the fund management process and is typical of equity investment. The
portfolio is managed with an awareness of the effects of adverse price movements through detailed and continuing analysis
with the objective of maximising overall returns to shareholders. Further information on the Investment Portfolio is set
out above. 
 
If the fair value of the Group's investments at the year end increased or decreased by 10%, then it would have had an
effect on the Group's capital return and equity equal to £83,878,000 (2013: £84,635,000). 
 
Liquidity risk 
 
The Company's assets mainly comprise readily realisable securities which can be easily sold to meet funding commitments, if
necessary. Unlisted investments in the portfolio are subject to liquidity risk. The risk is taken into account by the
Directors when arriving at their valuation of these items. 
 
The remaining contractual payments on the Group's financial liabilities at 30 September, based on the earliest date on
which payment can be required was as follows: 
 
                               In 1 year or less£'000  In more than 1 year but not more than 2 years £'000  In more than 2 years but not more than 3 years£'000  In more than 3 years but not more than 10 years£'000  Total£'000  
 At 30 September 2014                                                                                                                                                                                                              
 81/8% Debenture Stock 2023    (1,219)                 (1,219)                                              (1,219)                                              (22,007)*                                             (25,664)    
 Other payables                (6.063)                 -                                                    -                                                    -                                                     (6,063)     
 Deferred tax                  (19)                    -                                                    -                                                    -                                                     (19)        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                               (7,301)                 (1,219)                                              (1,219)                                              (22,007)                                              (31,746)    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                                       In more than                                         In more than                                         In more than                                                      
                                                       1 year but                                           2 years but                                          3 years but                                                       
                               In 1 year               not more                                             not more                                             not more                                                          
                               or less£'000            than 2 years£'000                                    than 3 years£'000                                    than 11 years£'000                                    Total£'000  
 At 30 September 2013                                                                                                                                                                                                              
 8 1/8 % Debenture Stock 2023  (1,219)                 (1,219)                                              (1,219)                                              (23,228)*                                             (26,885)    
 Other payables                (2,427)                 -                                                    -                                                    -                                                     (2,427)     
 Deferred tax                  -                       (19)                                                 -                                                    -                                                     (19)        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                               (3,646)                 (1,238)                                              (1,219)                                              (23,228)                                              (29,331)    
 
 
* Comprises the remaining interest payments to 2023, together with the principal to be repaid in 2023. 
 
Credit risk 
 
Credit risk is mitigated by diversifying the counterparties through whom the Investment Manager conducts investment
transactions. The credit standing of all counterparties is reviewed periodically with limits set on amounts due from any
one counterparty. 
 
The total credit exposure of the Group at the year end as shown on the Balance Sheet and Investment Portfolio was
£34,998,000 (2013: £145,522,000). 
 
The total credit exposure represents the carrying value of fixed income, cash and receivable balances and totals
£34,998,000 (2013: £145,522,000), as detailed in the table above. 
 
Fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities 
 
Except for the Group's Debenture Stock measured at amortised cost as shown below, the financial assets and financial
liabilities of the Group are either carried in the Balance Sheet at their fair value (investments), or the Balance Sheet
amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value (due from brokers, dividends receivable, accrued income, cash at bank
and due to brokers). 
 
                                               2014                              2013                           
                              Book value£'000  Fair value£'000  Book value£'000  Fair value              £'000  
                                                                                                                
 8 1/8% Debenture Stock 2023  (14,936)         (18,525)         (14,928)         (18,525)                       
 
 
Quoted market prices have been used to determine the fair value of the Group's Debenture Stock. 
 
The fair value of the Group's unquoted investments is measured by the Directors using valuation methodologies in accordance
with IPEVC guidelines. 
 
Valuation of financial instruments 
 
The Company measures fair values using the following fair value hierarchy that reflects the significance of the inputs used
in making the measurements. Categorisation within the hierarchy has been determined on the basis of the lowest level input
that is significant to the fair value measurement of the relevant assets as follows: 
 
 ●  Level 1 - valued using quoted prices unadjusted in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.                                                      
 ●  Level 2 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using observable inputs for the asset or liability other than quoted prices included within Level 1.  
 ●  Level 3 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market data for the asset or liability.                 
 
 
The tables below set out fair value measurements of financial instruments as at the year end, by the level in the fair
value hierarchy into which the fair value measurement is categorised. 
 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss at 30 September 2014 
 
                                    Level 1£'000  Level 2£'000  Level 3£'000  Total£'000  
 Equity investments                 810,388       -             2,616         813,004     
 Fixed interest bearing securities  25,779        -             -             25,779      
                                                                                          
                                    836,167       -             2,616         838,783     
                                                                                          
 
 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss at 30 September 2013 
 
                                    Level 1  Level 2  Level 3  Total    
                                    £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000    
 Equity investments                 710,123  -        6,183    716,306  
 Fixed interest bearing securities  130,048  -        -        130,048  
                                                                        
                                    840,171  -        6,183    846,354  
 
 
The valuation techniques used by the Company are explained in the accounting policies note. There have been no transfers
during the year between Levels 1 and 2. 
 
A reconciliation of fair value measurements in Level 3 is set out below. 
 
Level 3 financial assets at fair value through profit or loss at 30 September 
 
                                                                                                              2014 £'000  2013  £'000  
 Opening fair value                                                                                           6,183       4,492        
 Transfer from Level 1 to Level 3 investment                                                                  -           5,296        
 Purchases at cost                                                                                            935         -            
 Sales - proceeds                                                                                             (196)       -            
 Total gains/(losses) included in gains on investments in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income                           
 - on sold assets                                                                                             (5,100)     -            
 Movement in investment holding gains/(losses)                                                                                         
 - reversal of unrealised depreciation upon realisation                                                       5,235       -            
 - movement in unrealised appreciation/(depreciation)                                                         (4,441)     (3,605)      
                                                                                                                                       
 Closing fair value                                                                                           2,616       6,183        
 
 
The closing fair value as at 30 September 2014 comprises an investment in Mitra Energy Limited which is held at Directors'
valuation. The valuation at year-end was based on the proposed exchange ratio for a reverse take-over by Mitra Energy of
Petra Petroleum, a Canadian-listed company. 
 
Capital management policies and procedures 
 
The structure of the Company's capital is described in note 14 and details of the Company's reserves are shown in the
Statement of Changes in Equity. 
 
The Company's capital management objectives are: 
 
 ●  to ensure that it will be able to continue as a going concern; and                                                                                                                                                                          
 ●  to achieve capital growth through a focused portfolio of investments, particularly in companies whose share prices stand at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value; through an appropriate balance of equity capital and debt.  
 
 
The Board, with the assistance of the Investment Manager, regularly monitors and reviews the broad structure of the Group's
capital on an ongoing basis. These reviews include: 
 
 ●  the level of gearing, which takes account of the Group's position and the Investment Manager's views on the market; and  
 ●  the extent to which revenue in excess of that which is required to be distributed should be retained.                    
 
 
The Group's objectives, policies and processes for managing capital are unchanged from last year. 
 
The Group is subject to externally imposed capital requirements: 
 
 a)  as a public company, the Company is required to have a minimum share capital of £50,000; and                                
 b)  in accordance with the provisions of sections 832 and 833 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company,as an investment company:  
     i)                                                                                                                          is only able to make a dividend distribution to the extent that the assets of the Company are equal to at least one and a half times its liabilities after the dividend payment has been made; and  
     ii)                                                                                                                         is required to make a dividend distribution each year such that it does not retain more than 15% of the income that it derives from shares and securities.                                          
 
 
These requirements are unchanged since last year and the Group has complied with them at all times. 
 
18.Contingencies, guarantees and financial commitments 
 
In June 2007, the European Court of Justice ruled that investment management fees should be exempt from VAT, and in early
November 2007 HM Revenue & Customs decided not to contest that ruling. The Board is taking steps to reclaim such Back VAT
on investment management fees as it can and has recovered £3,603,575 up to the date of this report. 
 
While most of the Back VAT has now been recovered, the Company is taking further steps to recover Back VAT and interest,
but does not anticipate any further significant recovery in the near term. 
 
At 30 September 2014, the Group had no financial commitments (2013: £nil). 
 
At 30 September 2014, the Group had no contingent liability in respect of any investments carrying an obligation for future
subscription or underwriting commitments (2013: £nil). 
 
At 30 September 2014, the Group had a contingent liability pursuant to an Indemnity given to Caledonia Investments plc
('Caledonia') in respect of sums received from Caledonia by way of repayment of VAT (the 'VAT Refund') paid by the Company
between 1991 and 1995 on investment management fees to Caledonia. This Indemnity is against any amounts of VAT (including
any interest or penalties) Caledonia is liable to repay to HM Revenue & Customs in respect of the VAT Refund, together with
all reasonable costs, charges and expenses incurred by Caledonia in enforcing its rights under the Indemnity. The Company's
liability under the Indemnity shall not exceed the amount of the VAT Refund received from Caledonia which amounted to
£619,178 (including simple interest of £263,337). 
 
19.  Related party disclosure 
 
The related party transaction pursuant to the Investment Management Agreement with Asset Value Investors Limited is set out
above. Management fees for the year amounted to £5,909,000 (2013: £4,706,000). 
 
As at the year end, the following amounts were outstanding in respect of management fees: £495,000 (2013: £392,000). 
 
Strone Macpherson is Chairman of Close Brothers Group plc, the ultimate parent of Winterflood Securities Limited which acts
as the Company's Corporate Broker which is paid a retainer of £25,000 per annum by the Company, of which £nil was
outstanding at the year end. 
 
20.  Post balance sheet events 
 
Since the year end the Company has completed the following transactions in its own shares: 
 
Shares bought back and held in treasury 
 
 Date             Number of OrdinaryShares  Cost£'000  
 3 October 2014   159,359                   817        
 10 October 2014  343,000                   1,747      
 16 October 2014  88,500                    436        
 17 October 2014  59,000                    289        
 24 October 2014  215,517                   1,066      
 31 October 2014  194,452                   986        
                                                       
                  1,059,528                 5,341      
 
 
There are no further post balance sheet transactions that require disclosure or adjustment in the financial statements. 
 
This information is provided by RNS
The company news service from the London Stock Exchange

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