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REG - GB Group PLC - Annual Results for the Year Ended 31 March 2017 <Origin Href="QuoteRef">GBGP.L</Origin> - Part 4

- Part 4: For the preceding part double click  ID:nRSF1989Hc 

indicators of impairment on the goodwill arising through business combinations made during the year they
are tested for impairment no later than at the end of the year. 
 
                                                    
 Carrying Amount of Goodwill Allocated to CGUs      2017          2016  
                                                          £'000         £'000   
                                                                                
 Identity Solutions Unit                                  11,672        11,672  
 Identity Proofing Unit                                   5,293         5,293   
 e-Ware Interactive Unit                                  79            79      
 IDscan Unit                                              34,899        -       
 DecTech Unit                                             15,972        13,993  
 Loqate Unit                                              7,683         6,728   
                                                                                
                                                          75,598        37,765  
                                                                                    
 
 
Key Assumptions Used in Value in Use Calculations 
 
The Group prepares cash flow forecasts using budgets and forecasts approved by the Directors which cover a three year
period and an appropriate extrapolation of cash flows beyond this using a long-term average growth rate not greater than
the average long-term retail growth rate in the territory where the CGU is based. 
 
The key assumptions for value in use calculations are those regarding the forecast cash flows, discount rates and growth
rates.  The Directors estimate discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value
of money and the risks specific to the individual CGU.  Growth rates reflect long-term growth rate prospects for the
economy in which the CGU operates. 
 
                          2017           2016                         
                          Pre-taxWACC    Growth rate (in perpetuity)    Pre-taxWACC    Growth rate(in perpetuity)  
                          %              %                              %              %                           
                                                                                                                   
 Identity Solutions Unit  6.5%           2.0%                           8.2%           2.3%                        
 Identity Proofing Unit   6.5%           2.0%                           8.2%           2.3%                        
 e-Ware Interactive Unit  6.5%           -                              8.2%           -                           
 IDscan Unit              6.5%           2.0%                           -              -                           
 DecTech Unit             16.2%          2.7%                           15.6%          2.7%                        
 Loqate Unit              12.7%          2.3%                           12.7%          2.3%                        
 
 
In the case of the e-Ware Interactive CGU, the annual impairment review as at 31 March 2017 indicated that the recoverable
amount exceeded the carrying value by £150,000 (2016: £50,000) after assuming an annual cash flow attrition of 20%.  In
assessing the future recoverable amounts, cash flow attrition is assumed on the basis that the recoverable amount is
associated with only single remaining customer attributable to that acquisition.  Any decline in estimated value-in-use in
excess of that amount would be liable to result in an impairment. Since the value in use of the e-Ware Interactive CGU is
based on a single client, its loss or a significant reduction in its cash flow would cause the carrying value of the unit
to exceed its recoverable amount. 
 
In the case of the IDscan CGU, the annual impairment review as at 31 March 2017 indicated that the recoverable amount
exceeded the carrying value of goodwill by £88,800,000 and that any decline in estimated value-in-use in excess of that
amount would be liable to result in an impairment.  The sensitivities, which result in the recoverable amount equalling the
carrying value, can be summarised as follows: 
 
·      an absolute increase of 10.7% in the pre-tax weighted average cost of capital from 6.5% to 17.2%; or 
 
·      a reduction of 65% in the forecast profit margins. 
 
In the case of the DecTech CGU, the annual impairment review as at 31 March 2017 indicated that the recoverable amount
exceeded the carrying value of goodwill by £11,200,000 (2016: £14,900,000) and that any decline in estimated value-in-use
in excess of that amount would be liable to result in an impairment.  The sensitivities, which result in the recoverable
amount equalling the carrying value, can be summarised as follows: 
 
·      an absolute increase of 8.8% in the pre-tax weighted average cost of capital from 16.2% to 25%; or 
 
·      a reduction of 41% in the forecast profit margins. 
 
In the case of the Loqate CGU, the annual impairment review as at 31 March 2017 indicated that the recoverable amount
exceeded the carrying value of goodwill by £11,500,000 (2016: £7,400,000) and that any decline in estimated value-in-use in
excess of that amount would be liable to result in an impairment.  The sensitivities, which result in the recoverable
amount equalling the carrying value, can be summarised as follows: 
 
·      an absolute increase of 13.2% in the pre-tax weighted average cost of capital from 12.7% to 25.9%; or 
 
·      a reduction of 60% in the forecast profit margins. 
 
The recoverable amount of the other CGUs exceed their carrying value on the basis of the respective assumptions shown above
and any reasonably possible changes thereof. 
 
17.  Investments 
 
 Company                                                    
                                                   £'000    
 Cost                                                       
 At 1 April 2016                                   60,428   
 Acquisition of subsidiary undertakings            43,668   
 At 31 March 2017                                  104,096  
                                                            
 Amounts written off                                        
 At 1 April 2016 and 31 March 2017                 -        
                                                            
 Net book value                                             
 At 31 March 2017                                  104,096  
 At 31 March 2016                                  60,428   
 
 
60,428 
 
The Company accounts for its investments in subsidiaries using the cost model.  The Company holds 100% of the ordinary
share capital of all investments as follows: 
 
 Name of company                                                           Proportion of voting rights and shares held  Country of incorporation  Registered office address                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
 Capscan Parent Limited                                                    100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Capscan Limited 1                                                         100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Data Discoveries Holdings Limited                                         100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Data Discoveries Limited 1                                                100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Managed Analytics Limited 1                                               100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Fastrac Limited 1                                                         100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 e-Ware Interactive Limited                                                100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 GB Information Management Limited                                         100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 GB Datacare Limited                                                       100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 GB Mailing Systems Limited                                                100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Citizensafe Limited                                                       100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 TelMe Global Traveller Limited                                            100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 TelMe.com Limited                                                         100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Ebetsafe Limited                                                          100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Farebase Limited                                                          100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 TMG.tv Limited                                                            100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 CRD (UK) Limited                                                          100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 GBG DecTech Holding Pty Ltd                                               100%                                         Australia                 Co Sec Consulting Pty Ltd, 59 Gipps Street, Collingwood, VIC 3066                                                   
 GBG DecTech Pty Ltd 1                                                     100%                                         Australia                 Co Sec Consulting Pty Ltd, 59 Gipps Street, Collingwood, VIC 3066                                                   
 GBG DecTech Sdn Bhd1                                                      100%                                         Malaysia                  Level 7 Menara Millenium, Jalan Damanlela Pusat Bandar, Damansara Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan  
 GBG DecTech Solutions S.L1                                                100%                                         Spain                     08002-Barcelona, Edifici The Triangle, 4th Floor, Placa de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain                              
 迪安科                                                                       100%                                         China                     Room 1714, Building 4, China Investment Center, No.9 Guangan Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China                 
 Loqate Inc.                                                               100%                                         United States             999 Baker Way Ste 320, San Mateo, CA 94404-1566                                                                     
 Loqate Limited 1                                                          100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 ID Scan Biometrics Limited                                                100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 IDscan Research Bilisim Teknolojileri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi1  100%                                         Turkey                    Mersin Universitesi Çiftlikköy Kampüsü, Teknopark İdari Bina No: 106 Yenişehir - Mersin                             
 IDScan Research (Pty) Ltd1                                                100%                                         South Africa              145, 5th Avenue, Franklin Roosevelt Park, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2195 South Africa                                  
 UAB IDscan Biometrics R&D1                                                100%                                         Lithuania                 Kauno m. Kauno m. I. Kanto g. 18-4B Lithuania                                                                       
 Safer Clubbing At Night Network (Scan Net) Ltd1                           100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Transactis Limited 1                                                      100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 Inkfish Limited1                                                          100%                                         United Kingdom            The Foundation, Herons Way, Chester Business Park, Chester CH4 9GB                                                  
 
 
  
 
1 held indirectly. 
 
18.  Investments in Associates 
 
The Group had a 26.7% interest in Loqate Inc., a private company based in the USA which develops international addressing
solutions, geocoding solutions and location based services which are used in the Group's portfolio of products and
services.  The associated undertaking was accounted for using the equity method.  On 27 April 2015, the Group acquired the
remaining 73.3% of the shares in Loqate Inc. and its performance is included in the consolidated financial statements since
that date. 
 
At the acquisition date of the remaining 73.3% of shares in Loqate, the Group revalued its previously held equity stake in
Loqate at its acquisition-date fair value in accordance with IFRS 3.  The resulting gain of £247,000 has been recognised in
the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 March 2016. 
 
19.  Trade and Other Receivables 
 
Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on 14 to 60 day terms.  At 31 March 2017, the value of trade
receivables outstanding in excess of the standard expected credit term but not impaired was £7,468,000 (2016: £6,661,000). 
 
The credit quality of trade receivables that are neither past due nor impaired is assessed using a combination of
historical information relating to counterparty default rates and external credit ratings where available. 
 
                                            Group        Company    
                                            2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                                              
 Trade receivables                          26,160       19,768       18,897       15,519     
 Amounts owed from subsidiary undertakings  -            -            251          -          
 Prepayments and accrued income             4,409        4,006        2,698        3,317      
                                                                                              
                                            30,569       23,774       21,846       18,836     
                                                                                              
 
 
Trade receivables are shown net of an allowance for unrecoverable amounts, movements on which are as follows: 
 
                          Group        Company    
                          2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                            
 Balance at 1 April       855          659          673          561        
 Acquired on acquisition  8            67           -            70         
 Additional provisions    261          226          137          139        
 Write-offs               (470)        (97)         (443)        (97)       
 Foreign exchange         27           -            -            -          
                                                                            
 Balance at 31 March      681          855          367          673        
                                                                            
 
 
As at 31 March, the analysis of Group trade receivables that were past due but not impaired is as follows: 
 
                                                       Past due but not impaired  
       Total£'000  Neither past due nor impaired£'000  < 30 days£'000             30 - 60 days£'000  > 60 days£'000  
                                                                                                                     
 2017  26,160      18,692                              3,355                      945                3,168           
 2016  19,768      13,107                              2,720                      504                3,437           
 
 
                           
 20.  Cash                                         
                           Group        Company    
                           2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                             
 Cash at bank and in hand  17,618       12,415       11,011       9,663      
                                                                             
                                                                             
                           17,618       12,415       11,011       9,663      
 
 
Cash at bank and in hand earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. 
 
 21.  Equity Share Capital                                                                            
                                                                          2017           2016         
                                                                          £'000          £'000        
      Authorised                                                                                      
      147,663,704 (2016: 147,663,704) ordinary shares of 2.5p each        3,692          3,692        
                                                                                                      
      Issued                                                                                          
      Allotted, called up and fully paid                                  3,368          3,097        
      Share premium                                                       48,595         24,111       
                                                                          51,963         27,208       
                                                                                                      
                                                                          2017           2016         
                                                                          No.            No.          
                                                                                                      
      Number of shares in issue at 1 April                                123,886,390    120,735,364  
      Issued on placing                                                   9,090,910      -            
      Issued on exercise of share options                                 1,725,637      3,151,026    
      Number of shares in issue at 31 March                               134,702,937    123,886,390  
 
 
During the year 10,816,547 (2016: 3,151,026) ordinary shares with a nominal value of 2.5p were issued for an aggregate cash
consideration of £25,505,000 (2016: £790,000).   The cost associated with the issue of shares in the year was £750,000
(2016: £nil). 
 
22.  Loans 
 
In April 2014, the Group secured an Australian Dollar three year term loan of AUS$10,000,000.  The debt bears an interest
rate of +1.90% above the Australian Dollar bank bill interest swap rate ('BBSW').  This term loan was extended during the
year from its original maturity of April 2017 to November 2018. Security on the debt is provided by way of an all asset
debenture. 
 
The Group has a three year revolving credit facility agreement expiring in November 2020 which is subject to a limit of
£50,000,000. The facility bears an initial interest rate of LIBOR +1.50%. This interest rate is subject to an increase of
0.25% should the business exceed certain leverage conditions. 
 
                                          Group        Company    
                                          2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                                            
 Opening bank loan                        3,742        4,389        -            -          
 New borrowings                           12,000       -            12,000       -          
 Repayment of borrowings                  (3,838)      (752)        (3,000)      -          
 Foreign currency translation adjustment  481          105          -            -          
                                                                                            
 Closing bank loan                        12,385       3,742        9,000        -          
                                          
 Analysed as:                             
 Amounts falling due within 12 months     886          582          -            -          
 Amounts falling due after one year       11,499       3,160        9,000        -          
                                                                                            
                                          12,385       3,742        9,000        -          
                                          
 
 
23.  Trade and Other Payables 
 
                                                            Group        Company    
                                                            2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                                                              
 Trade payables                                             2,748        5,572        2,363        5,051      
 Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings                    -            -            8,044        10,276     
 Other taxes and social security costs                      3,014        3,019        2,578        2,824      
 Accruals                                                   11,642       8,200        9,412        6,957      
 Deferred income                                            18,997       13,752       11,946       10,395     
                                                                                                              
                                                                                                              
                                                            36,401       30,543       34,343       35,503     
                                                            
 24.  Provisions                                            Group        Company      
                                                            2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000    
                                                                                                                
 Opening balance                                            31           48           31           48           
 Provided for dilapidation obligations in less than 1 year  10           -            10           -            
 Utilised                                                   (6)          (17)         (6)          (17)         
                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                
 Closing balance                                            35           31           35           31           
 
 
Provisions associated with the costs of dilapidation obligations on certain leasehold properties within the Group are
£29,000 (2016: £25,000).  The cash flows associated with these provisions are expected to occur in less than one year. 
 
25.  Financial Instruments and Risk Management 
 
The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks including: market risk (including foreign currency risk
and cash flow interest rate risk), credit risk, liquidity risk and capital management.  The Group's overall risk management
programme considers the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to reduce potential adverse effects on the Group's
financial performance.  The Group does not currently use derivative financial instruments to hedge foreign exchange
exposures. 
 
Credit Risk 
 
Credit risk is managed on a Group basis except for credit risk relating to accounts receivable balances which each entity
is responsible for managing.  Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, as well as credit exposures from
outstanding customer receivables.  Management assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its
financial position, past experience and other factors.  For those sales considered higher risk, the Group operates a policy
of cash in advance of delivery.  The Group regularly monitors its exposure to bad debts in order to minimise exposure. 
Credit risk from cash and cash equivalents is managed via banking with well-established banks with a strong credit rating. 
 
Foreign Currency Risk 
 
The Group's foreign currency exposure arises from: 
 
·      Transactions (sales/purchases) denominated in foreign currencies; 
 
·      Monetary items (mainly cash receivables and borrowings) denominated in foreign currencies; and 
 
·      Investments in foreign operations, whose net assets are exposed to foreign currency translation. 
 
The Group has currency exposure on its investment in a foreign operation in Australia and partially offsets its exposure to
fluctuations on the translation into Sterling by holding net borrowings in Australian Dollars.  In terms of sensitivities,
the effect on equity of a 10% increase in the Australian Dollar and Sterling exchange rate would be an increase of £88,000
(2016: £155,000 increase).  The effect on equity of a 10% decrease in the Australian Dollar and Sterling exchange rate net
of the effect of the net investment hedge in the foreign operation would be a decrease of £107,000 (2016: £189,000
decrease). 
 
The Group has currency exposure on its investment in a foreign operation in the United States of America.  In terms of
sensitivities, the effect on equity of a 10% increase in the US Dollar and Sterling exchange rate would be an increase of
£109,000 (2016: £38,000 increase).  The effect on equity of a 10% decrease in the US Dollar and Sterling exchange rate
would be a decrease of £133,000 (2016: £46,000 decrease). 
 
The exposure to transactional foreign exchange risk within each company is monitored and managed at both an entity and a
Group level. 
 
Cash Flow Interest Rate Risk 
 
The Group has financial assets and liabilities which are exposed to changes in market interest rates.  Changes in interest
rates impact primarily on deposits and loans by changing their future cash flows (variable rate).  Management does not
currently have a formal policy of determining how much of the Group's exposure should be at fixed or variable rates and the
Group does not use hedging instruments to minimise its exposure.  However, at the time of taking new loans or borrowings,
management uses its judgement to determine whether it believes that a fixed or variable rate would be more favourable for
the Group over the expected period until maturity.  In terms of sensitivities, the effect on profit before taxation of an
increase/decrease in the basis points on floating rate borrowings of 25 basis points would be £84,000 (2016: £17,000). 
 
Liquidity Risk 
 
Cash flow forecasting is performed on a Group basis by the monitoring of rolling forecasts of the Group's liquidity
requirements to ensure that it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs and surplus funds are placed on deposit and
available at very short notice.  The maturity date of the Group's loan is disclosed in note 22. 
 
Capital Management 
 
The Group manages its capital structure in order to safeguard the going concern of the Group and maximise shareholder
value.  The capital structure of the Group consists of debt, which includes loans disclosed in note 22, cash and cash
equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the Company, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained
earnings. 
 
The Group may maintain or adjust its capital structure by adjusting the amount of dividend paid to shareholders, returning
capital to shareholders, issuing new shares or selling assets to reduce debt. 
 
In order to achieve this overall objective, the Group's capital management, amongst other things, aims to ensure that it
meets financial covenants attached to borrowings.  Breaches in meeting the financial covenants would permit the bank to
immediately call loans and borrowings.  There have been no breaches in the financial covenants of any borrowings in the
current period. 
 
No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended 31 March 2017 and
2016. 
 
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Group's financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted
payments and includes contractual interest payments: 
 
 Year ended 31 March 2017  Ondemand    Less than12 months    1 to 5years    Total   
                           £'000       £'000                 £'000          £'000   
                                                                                    
 Loans                     -           -                     13,589         13,589  
 Contingent consideration  -           7,575                 -              7,575   
 Trade and other payables  2,748       14,656                -              17,404  
                           2,748       22,231                13,589         38,568  
 
 
 Year ended 31 March 2016  Ondemand    Less than12 months    1 to 5years    Total   
                           £'000       £'000                 £'000          £'000   
                                                                                    
 Loans                     -           -                     3,895          3,895   
 Contingent consideration  -           1,068                 -              1,068   
 Trade and other payables  5,572       11,219                -              16,791  
                           5,572       12,287                3,895          21,754  
 
 
A summary of the Group's use of financial instruments is set out in the Finance Review. 
 
Set out below is an overview of financial instruments, other than cash and short-term deposits, held by the Group at 31
March: 
 
                              2017                     2016                       
                              Loans and receivables    Fair value profit or loss    Loans and receivables    Fair value profit or loss  
                              £'000                    £'000                        £'000                    £'000                      
                                                                                                                                        
 Financial assets:                                                                                                                      
 Trade and other receivables  26,160                   -                            19,768                   -                          
 Total current                26,160                   -                            19,768                   -                          
                                                                                                                                        
 Total                        26,160                   -                            19,768                   -                          
                                                                                                                                        
 Financial liabilities:                                                                                                                 
 Loans                        11,499                   -                            3,160                    -                          
 Total non-current            11,499                   -                            3,160                    -                          
                                                                                                                                        
 Trade and other payables     17,404                   -                            16,791                   -                          
 Loans                        886                      -                            582                      -                          
 Contingent consideration     -                        7,122                        -                        1,050                      
 Total current                18,290                   7,122                        17,373                   1,050                      
                                                                                                                                        
 Total                        29,789                   7,122                        20,533                   1,050                      
 
 
Trade and other receivables exclude the value of any prepayments or accrued income.  Trade and other payables exclude the
value of deferred income.  All financial assets and liabilities have a carrying value that approximates to fair value.  For
trade and other receivables, allowances are made within the book value for credit risk. 
 
The Group does not have any derivative financial instruments. 
 
Use of Financial Instruments 
 
Contingent Consideration 
 
The fair value of contingent consideration is the present value of expected future cash flows based on the latest forecasts
of future performance. 
 
                                                 31 March2017    31 March2016  
                                                 £'000           £'000         
                                                                               
 Fair value within current liabilities:                                        
 Contingent consideration                        7,122           1,050         
                                                                               
 Fair value within non-current liabilities:                                    
 Contingent consideration                        -               -             
 
 
Liabilities for contingent consideration are Level 3 financial instruments under IFRS 13.  The Group classifies fair value
measurement using a fair value hierarchy that reflects the significance of inputs used in making measurements of fair
value.  The fair value hierarchy has the following levels: 
 
·      Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
 
·      Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability,
either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 
 
·      Level 3 - Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 
 
For financial instruments that are recognised at the fair value on a recurring basis, the Group determines whether
transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input
that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. 
 
Financial Liabilities 
 
The Group has an Australian Dollar three year term loan of AUS$10,000,000 maturing in November 2018.  The debt bears an
interest rate of +1.90% above the Australian Dollar bank bill interest swap rate ('BBSW'). 
 
The Group has a three year revolving credit facility agreement expiring in November 2020 which is subject to a limit of
£50,000,000.  The facility bears an initial interest rate of LIBOR +1.50%. 
 
The facilities are secured by way of an all asset debenture. 
 
The Group is subject to a number of covenants in relation to its borrowings which, if breached, would result in loan
balances becoming immediately repayable.  These covenants specify certain maximum limits in terms of the following: 
 
·      Leverage 
 
·      Interest cover 
 
At 31 March 2017 and 31 March 2016, the Group was not in breach of any bank covenants. 
 
26.  Obligations Under Leases 
 
Payments made under operating leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the expected term
of the lease.  Lease incentives received are recognised in the income statement as an integral part of the total lease
expense over the term of the lease. 
 
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                        Group        Company    
 Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:  2017£'000    2016£'000    2017£'000    2016£'000  
                                                                                                                                          
 Not later than one year                                                                836          1,066        486          749        
 After one year but not more than five years                                            1,284        1,585        778          1,232      
 After five years                                                                       -            -            -            -          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                        2,120        2,651        1,264        1,981      
 
 
1,981 
 
The Group leases various administrative offices and equipment under lease agreements which have varying terms and renewal
rights. 
 
A Group company sublet surplus space in a property during the year and this agreement ended in May 2016. 
 
27.  Share-based Payments 
 
Group and Company 
 
The Group operates Executive Share Option Schemes under which Executive Directors, managers and staff of the Company are
granted options over shares. 
 
Executive Share Option Scheme 
 
Options are granted to Executive Directors and employees on the basis of their performance.  Options are granted at the
full market value of the Company's shares at the time of grant and are exercisable between three and ten years from the
date of grant.  The options vest when the Company's earnings per share ('EPS') growth is greater than the growth of the
Retail Prices Index ('RPI') over a three year period prior to the exercise date.  There are no cash settlement
alternatives. 
 
Executive Share Option Scheme (Section C Scheme) 
 
Options are granted to Executive Directors and employees on the basis of their performance.  Options are granted at the
full market value of the Company's shares at the time of grant and are exercisable between three and ten years from the
date of grant.  The percentage of an option that will vest and be capable of exercise will depend on the performance of the
Company.  A minimum of 50% of the options will vest when the Total Shareholder Return ('TSR') performance of the Company,
as compared to the TSR of the FTSE Computer Services Sub-Sector over a three-year period, matches or exceeds the median
company.  The percentage of shares subject to an option in respect of which that option becomes capable of exercise will
then increase on a sliding scale so that the option will become exercisable in full if top quartile performance is
achieved. 
 
Executive Share Option Scheme (Section D Scheme) 
 
Options are granted to Executive Directors and employees on the basis of their performance.  Options are granted at the
full market value of the Company's shares at the time of grant and are exercisable between three and ten years from the
date of grant.  The vesting of awards under the Section D Scheme is subject to the achievement of a normalised EPS growth
at an annual compound rate of 20% over the performance period.  The base year for the purposes of the EPS target will be
the financial year of the Company ended immediately prior to the grant of the award.  The performance period will be the
three financial years following the base year.  Section D Scheme options will only become exercisable to the extent they
have vested in accordance with the EPS target. 
 
Share Matching Plan 
 
In the year ended 31 March 2012, the Remuneration Committee introduced the Share Matching Plan.  Participants who invest a
proportion of their annual cash bonus in GBG shares can receive up to a multiple of their original investment in GBG
shares, calculated on a pre-tax basis.  Any matching is conditional upon achieving pre-determined Adjusted EPS growth
targets set by the Remuneration Committee for the following three years.  Share Matching Plan options will only become
exercisable to the extent they have vested in accordance with the Adjusted EPS target. 
 
GBG Sharesave Scheme 
 
The Group has a savings-related share option plan, under which employees save on a monthly basis, over a three or five year
period, towards the purchase of shares at a fixed price determined when the option is granted.  This price is usually set
at a 20% discount to the market price at the time of grant.  The option must be exercised within six months of maturity of
the savings contract, otherwise it lapses. 
 
The charge recognised from equity-settled share-based payments in respect of employee services received during the year is
£994,000 (2016: £1,245,000). 
 
The following table illustrates the number and weighted average exercise prices ('WAEP') of, and movements in, share
options during the year. 
 
                            2017No.        2017WAEP    2016No.        2016WAEP  
                                                                                
 Outstanding as at 1 April  5,018,024      46.28p      6,724,777      26.93p    
 Granted during the year    522,880        38.98p      1,561,245      87.73p    
 Forfeited during the year  (451,004)      32.78p      (13,298)       114.73p   
 Cancelled during the year  (22,793)       163.0p      (15,674)       127.43p   
 Exercised during the year  (1,725,637)    29.19p1     (3,151,026)    25.07p2   
 Expired during the year    -              -           (88,000)       35.68p    
 Outstanding at 31 March    3,341,470      54.93p      5,018,024      46.28p    
                                                                                
 Exercisable at 31 March    1,471,685      24.58p      1,318,453      38.96p    
 
 
1 The weighted average share price at the date of exercise for the options exercised is 301.38p 
 
2 The weighted average share price at the date of exercise for the options exercised is 217.51p 
 
For the shares outstanding as at 31 March 2017, the weighted average remaining contractual life is 6.5 years (2016: 5.9
years). 
 
The weighted average fair value of options granted during the year was 266.35p (2016: 133.46p).  The range of exercise
prices for options outstanding at the end of the year was 2.5p - 275.0p (2016: 2.50p - 272.25p). 
 
The fair value of equity-settled share options granted is estimated as at the date of grant using a binomial model, taking
into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.  The following table lists the inputs to the
model for the years ended 31 March 2017 and 31 March 2016. 
 
                                          2017            2016           
                                                                         
 Dividend yield (%)                       0.7             0.7 - 0.9      
 Expected share price volatility (%)      30              20 - 25        
 Risk-free interest rate (%)              0.2 - 0.6       0.9 - 1.3      
 Lapse rate (%)                           5.0             5.0            
 Expected exercise behaviour              See below       See below      
 Market-based condition adjustment (%)    48.00           48.00          
 Expected life of option (years)          2.3 - 4.6       3.0 - 5.0      
 Exercise price (p)                       2.50 - 275.0    2.50 - 272.25  
 Weighted average share price (p)         301.38          217.51         
 
 
Other than for Matching Scheme options, it is assumed that 50% of options will be exercised by participants as soon as they
are 20% or more 'in-the-money' (i.e. 120% of the exercise price) and the remaining 50% of options will be exercised
gradually at the rate of 20% per annum for each year they remain at or above 20% 'in-the-money'. 
 
For Matching Scheme options, it is assumed that participants will choose to exercise at the earliest opportunity (i.e.
vesting date) since the exercise price is a nominal amount and is therefore not expected to influence the timing of a
participant's decision to exercise the options. 
 
The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility is indicative of future trends, which may
not necessarily be the actual outcome. 
 
The market-based condition adjustment takes into account the likelihood of achieving market conditions, and allows for the
fact that, if a Section C option vests, it does not always vest at 100%. 
 
No other features of options granted were incorporated into the measurement of fair value. 
 
28.  Profit Attributable to Members of the Parent Company 
 
The profit dealt with in the financial statements of the Parent Company is £10,717,000 (2016: £8,317,000).  There are no
OCI items in either financial year. 
 
29.  Description of Reserves 
 
Equity Share Capital 
 
The balance classified as share capital includes the total net proceeds (both nominal value and share premium) on issue of
the Company's equity share capital, comprising 2.5p ordinary shares. 
 
Merger Reserve 
 
The balance on the merger reserve represents the fair value of the consideration given in excess of the nominal value of
the ordinary shares issued in the acquisition of GB Mailing Systems by the issue of shares. 
 
Capital Redemption Reserve 
 
The balance classified as capital redemption reserve includes the nominal value of own shares purchased back by the Company
and subsequently cancelled. 
 
30.  Related Party Transactions 
 
During the year, the Group entered into transactions, in the ordinary course of business, with other related parties. 
Transactions entered into and trading balances outstanding at 31 March are as follows: 
 
 Group                                 Sales to related parties    Purchases from related parties    Net amounts owed to/(by) related parties  
                                       £'000                       £'000                             £'000                                       
                                                                                                                                                 
 Directors (see below):                                                                                                                          
 2017                                  -                           3                                 -                                           
 2016                                  -                           1                                 -                                           
                                                                                                                                                 
 Other related parties (see below):                                                                                                              
 2017                                  55                          -                                 7                                           
 2016                                  33                          -                                 (5)                                         
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 Company                               Sales to related parties    Purchases from related parties    Net amounts owed to/(by) related parties  
                                       £'000                       £'000                             £'000                                     
                                                                                                                                               
 Subsidiaries:                                                                                                                                 
 2017                                  1,938                       853                               7,793                                     
 2016                                  915                         714                               10,276                                    
                                                                                                                                               
 Directors (see below):                                                                                                                        
 2017                                  -                           3                                 -                                         
 2016                                  -                           1                                 -                                         
                                                                                                                                               
 Other related parties (see below):                                                                                                            
 2017                                  55                          -                                 7                                         
 2016                                  33                          -                                 (5)                                       
 
 
The Chairman of the Company incurred some expenses via his consultancy business Rasche Consulting Limited. 
 
Richard Law, the Chief Executive of the Company during the year, is a Director of Zuto Limited which is a client of the
Group.  Transactions with them have been reported under the heading of 'other related parties' in the table above. 
 
For part of the year, a Non-Executive Director of the Company was a Director of Avanti Communications Group Plc which is a
client of the Group.  A Non-Executive Director of the Company is a Director of Removal Stars Limited which is a client of
the Group. Transactions with these companies have been reported under the heading of 'other related parties' in the table
above. 
 
Terms and Conditions of Transactions with Related Parties 
 
Sales and balances between related parties are made at normal market prices.  Outstanding balances with entities other than
subsidiaries are unsecured, interest free and cash settlement is expected within 30 days of invoice.  Terms and conditions
for transactions with subsidiaries are the same, with the exception that balances are placed on intercompany accounts with
no specified credit period.  During the year ended 31 March 2017, the Group has not made any provision for doubtful debts
relating to amounts owed by related parties (2016: £nil). 
 
Compensation of Key Management Personnel (including Directors) 
 
   Group and Company  
 
 
                                               2017          2016   
                                               £'000         £'000  
                                                                    
 Short-term employee benefits           1,731         1,520  
 Post-employment benefits               31            24     
 Fair value of share options awarded    393           929    
                                                                    
                                        2,155         2,473  
 
 
31.  Business Combinations 
 
Acquisitions in the Year Ended 31 March 2017 
 
Group 
 
Acquisition of ID Scan Biometrics Limited 
 
On 1 July 2016, the Company acquired 100% of the voting shares of ID Scan Biometrics Limited ('IDscan'), a provider of
software that automates on-boarding of customers and employees by simplifying the identity verification and data capture
process. IDscan helps authentication of documents including passports, visas, ID cards, driving licenses, utility bills and
work permits while also capturing facial biometrics which provides proof that those documents are not stolen. The
combination represents a highly complementary capability set alongside GBG's unique global Know Your Customer, Anti-Money
Laundering and fraud detection solutions. The Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income includes the results of IDscan
for the nine month period from the acquisition date. 
 
The fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of IDscan as at the date of acquisition was: 
 
                                                                                             Fair value recognised on acquisition£'000  
 Assets                                                                                                                                 
 Technology intellectual property                                                            5,405                                      
 Customer relationships                                                                      3,917                                      
 Non-compete agreements                                                                      467                                        
 Plant and equipment                                                                         222                                        
 Purchased software                                                                          7                                          
 Acquired goodwill                                                                           19                                         
 Inventory                                                                                   155                                        
 Trade and other receivables                                                                 2,551                                      
 Cash                                                                                        1,186                                      
 Trade and other payables                                                                    (2,896)                                    
 Corporation tax liabilities                                                                 (427)                                      
 Deferred tax liabilities                                                                    (1,818)                                    
 Total identifiable net assets at fair value                                                 8,788                                      
 Goodwill arising on acquisition                                                             34,880                                     
 Total purchase consideration transferred                                                    43,668                                     
                                                                                                                                        
 Purchase consideration:                                                                                                                
 Cash                                                                                        37,000                                     
 Contingent consideration adjustment                                                         6,668                                      
 Total purchase consideration                                                                43,668                                     
                                                                                                                                        
 Analysis of cash flows on acquisition:                                                                                                 
 Transaction costs of the acquisition (included in cash flows from operating activities)     513                                        
 

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