REG - GSK PLC - Nucala approved in Japan for use in CRSwNP

GSKAnnouncement

28/08/2024 07:15

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RNS Number : 9634B  GSK PLC  28 August 2024

Issued: 28 August 2024, London UK

 

GSK's Nucala (mepolizumab) approved in Japan for treatment of adults with
chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

 

·  Nucala is the first and only biologic in Japan with a four-weekly dosing
schedule for this condition

·  Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) exerts significant
physical and emotional burden on patients with surgery often the only option

·  This is the third indication for Nucala in Japan for an IL-5 mediated
condition

 

GSK plc (LSE/NYSE: GSK) today announced that Japan's Ministry of Health,
Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has approved Nucala (mepolizumab), a monoclonal
antibody that targets interleukin-5 (IL-5), for the treatment of chronic
rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in adult patients, limited to those
who are inadequately controlled with standard treatment.

Kaivan Khavandi, SVP, Global Head of Respiratory/Immunology R&D, at
GSK said: "The chronic and debilitating impact that chronic rhinosinusitis
with nasal polyps can have on those affected is often underestimated. This
additional indication for Nucala in Japan could provide patients with an
alternative treatment option to surgery or systemic steroids."

CRSwNP is a chronic condition that affects 1% to 4% of the general population,
of whom 40% have uncontrolled disease.(1,2) People with CRSwNP experience
symptoms such as nasal obstruction, loss of smell, facial pressure, sleep
disturbance and nasal discharge, which can significantly affect their
emotional and physical well-being.(3) In Japan, an estimated 2 million people
suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis, of which about 200,000 are subject to
surgery due to nasal polyps.(4)

CRSwNP is caused by chronic inflammation of the nasal lining that can cause
soft tissue growth, known as nasal polyps, that develop in the sinuses and
nasal cavity.(3) Over 80% of patients with CRSwNP have type 2  inflammation,
which is associated with more severe disease and nasal polyp recurrence.(5-8)
IL-5 is a key cytokine driving this type 2 inflammation and is present at high
levels in nasal polyp tissue.(3,5-8) Although surgery can be effective at
removing polyps, the underlying type 2 inflammation means they have a tendency
to regrow.(7,8)

The approval is based on results of the phase III MERIT trial, which studied
the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab over a 52-week period in a population
of Japanese, Chinese and Russian patients with inadequately controlled CRSwNP,
supported by data from the global phase III SYNAPSE study, which explored the
effect of mepolizumab vs. placebo in more than 400 patients with CRSwNP.(3,9)

Mepolizumab is approved in Japan as a treatment for bronchial asthma in
children aged 6 years or older and in adults with refractory asthma whose
symptoms are inadequately controlled with standard treatment, and also for the
treatment of adult patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
(EGPA) inadequately responding to the standard treatment.

About the MERIT trial(9)

The phase III MERIT trial the co-primary endpoints were change from baseline
in nasal obstruction visual analogue scale (VAS) score during weeks 49 to 52
compared with placebo and change in endoscopic nasal polyp score at week 52
compared with placebo.(1) Treatment with mepolizumab significantly improved
nasal obstruction VAS score (mean treatment difference: -1.43 [95% CI: -2.37,
-0.50]; p=0.003) and was associated with a numerical reduction in nasal polyp
score at Week 52 (-0.43 [-0.89, 0.03]; p=0.067). Improvements in patient
quality of life, as measured by the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22)
were demonstrated with mepolizumab versus placebo. Safety and tolerability
data were consistent with the known profile of mepolizumab.(3,5) A similar
proportion of patients experienced on-treatment adverse events in the
mepolizumab (68/84  81% ) and placebo (65/85  76% ) groups. In total, seven
patients had treatment-related AEs (five in the placebo group and two in the
mepolizumab group); none of these were SAEs.

 

About Nucala (mepolizumab)

First approved in 2015 for severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype in the
US, mepolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets and binds to
interleukin-5 (IL-5), a key messenger protein (cytokine) in type 2
inflammation.(10,11) IL-5 is central to the development, maturation and
activation of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell implicated in the
pathogenesis of asthma and CRSwNP.(3) Evidence indicates that IL-5 has an
impact on other cell types beyond eosinophils that contribute to inflammation
in airways disease.(12-16) Mepolizumab binds directly to and inhibits IL-5
molecules.(10,11) Mepolizumab has been developed for the treatment of a range
of IL-5 mediated diseases associated with type 2 inflammation.(10,11)

 

GSK in respiratory

GSK continues to build on decades of pioneering work to deliver more ambitious
treatment goals, develop the next generation standard of care, and redefine
the future of respiratory medicine for hundreds of millions of people with
respiratory diseases. With an industry-leading respiratory portfolio and
pipeline of vaccines, targeted biologics and inhaled medicines, we are focused
on improving outcomes and the lives of people living with all types of asthma
and COPD along with less understood refractory chronic cough or rarer
conditions like systemic sclerosis with interstitial lung disease. GSK is
harnessing the latest science and technology with the aim to modify underlying
disease dysfunction and prevent disease progression.

 

About GSK

GSK is a global biopharma company with a purpose to unite science, technology,
and talent to get ahead of disease together. Find out more at gsk.com.

 

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Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements
GSK cautions investors that any forward-looking statements or projections made
by GSK, including those made in this announcement, are subject to risks and
uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those
projected. Such factors include, but are not limited to, those described under
Item 3.D "Risk factors" in GSK's Annual Report on Form 20-F for 2023, and
GSK's Q2 Results for 2024.

 

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References

1.   Chen S, et al. Systematic literature review of the epidemiology and
clinical burden of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Curr Med Res
Opin. 2020;36(11):1897-1911.

2.   van der Veen J, et al. Real-life study showing uncontrolled
rhinosinusitis after sinus surgery in a tertiary referral centre. Allergy.
2017;72(2):282-290.

3.   Han JK, et al. Mepolizumab for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
(SYNAPSE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. The
Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2021;9(10):1141-1153.

4.   JESREC Study About refractory eosinophilic sinusitis
(https://jesrec.jp/general/disease.html) available at
https://jesrec.jp/general/disease.html. Last accessed September 2023
(https://jesrec.jp/general/disease.html.%20Last%20accessed%20September%202023)
.

5.   Kato A, et al. Endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis: Relationships to
disease phenotypes, pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment approaches.
Allergy. 2022;77(3):812-826.

6.   Bachert C, et al. EUFOREA expert board meeting on uncontrolled severe
chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and biologics: Definitions
and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;147(1):29-36.

7.   De Corso E, et al. How to manage recurrences after surgery in CRSwNP
patients in the biologic era: a narrative review. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital.
2023;43(Suppl. 1):S3-S13.

8.   Chen S, et al. Systematic literature review of the epidemiology and
clinical burden of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Curr Med Res
Opin. 2020;36(11):1897-1911.

9.    Fujieda S, et al. Mepolizumab in CRSwNP/ECRS and NP: The Phase III
randomised MERIT trial in Japan, China and Russia. Rhinology (2024)

10. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Nucala Full Prescribing Information.
Available at:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/761122s000lbl.pdf
(http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/761122s000lbl.pdf) .
Last accessed December 2023.

11.  European summary of product characteristics available at
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/nucala-epar-product-information_en.pdf
last accessed February 2023
(https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/nucala-epar-product-information_en.pdf%20last%20accessed%20February%202023)

12. Buchheit KM, et al. Mepolizumab targets multiple immune cells in
aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol.
2021;148(2):574-584.

13. Barretto KT, et al. Human airway epithelial cells express a functional
IL-5 receptor. Allergy. 2020;75(8):2127-2130.

14. Bajbouj K, et al. IL-5 receptor expression in lung fibroblasts: Potential
role in airway remodelling in asthma. Allergy. 2023;78(3):882-885.

15. Siddiqui S, et al. Eosinophils and tissue remodelling: Relevance to airway
disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023;152(4):841-857.

16. Bergantini L, et al. Regulatory T cell monitoring in severe eosinophilic
asthma patients treated with mepolizumab. Scand J Immunol. 2021;94(1):e13031.

 

 

 

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