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REG-Gulf Keystone Petroleum Ltd 2025 Half Year Results Announcement

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   Gulf Keystone Petroleum Ltd (GKP)
   2025 Half Year Results Announcement

   28-Aug-2025 / 07:00 GMT/BST

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   28 August 2025

                                        

                                        

                    Gulf Keystone Petroleum Ltd. (LSE: GKP)

             (“Gulf Keystone”, “GKP”, “the Group” or “the Company”)

                                        

                      2025 Half Year Results Announcement

    

   Gulf  Keystone,  a  leading  independent  operator  and  producer  in  the
   Kurdistan Region of Iraq,  today announces its results  for the half  year
   ended 30 June 2025.

    

   Jon Harris, Gulf Keystone’s Chief Executive Officer, said:

   “We delivered strong  operational and financial  performance in the  first
   half of  2025,  with material  free  cash flow  generated  from  increased
   production and  realised  prices,  capital discipline  and  cost  control.
   Following the temporary shut-in  of the Shaikan Field  in July related  to
   security  concerns,  production   restarted  earlier   this  month   after
   consultation with  the Kurdistan  Regional  Government and  has  gradually
   ramped back up  towards full  well capacity.  Given the  return to  stable
   sales and our robust  cash balance, we are  pleased to announce today  the
   declaration of a $25 million interim dividend, increasing total  dividends
   declared in 2025 to $50 million.

   Looking ahead, we have tightened 2025 gross average production guidance to
   40,000 -  42,000  bopd primarily  reflecting  the production  losses  from
   recent temporary  disruptions.  We  are excited  to  have  sanctioned  the
   installation of water handling  facilities at PF-2  which we expect,  once
   operational, to unlock incremental production above the anticipated  field
   baseline and reduce downside  risk to reservoir  recovery. We continue  to
   engage with  government stakeholders  regarding the  restart of  Kurdistan
   crude exports,  with  increasing momentum  towards  a solution  in  recent
   weeks.”

    

   Highlights to 30 June 2025 and post reporting period

    

   Operational

    

     • Zero Lost Time  Incidents for  over 950  days with  rigorous focus  on
       safety maintained
     • Gross average production increased 12% to  44,100 bopd in H1 2025  (H1
       2024: 39,252 bopd), reflecting consistently robust local market demand
       and good reservoir performance
     • Gross average production of c.40,600 bopd in 2025 year to date (as  at
       26 August 2025):

          ◦ Primarily reflects precautionary field shut-in in July following
            drone attacks on certain other oil fields in Kurdistan
          ◦ Production has gradually returned towards full well capacity
            after operations were restarted in August following a security
            assessment and consultation with the Kurdistan Regional
            Government (“KRG”)
          ◦ Realised prices have averaged around $27-$28/bbl in the post
            reporting period

     • Continued execution of  disciplined work programme  focused on  safely
       maintaining existing production capacity and reliability
     • Investment decision taken on installation of water handling facilities
       at PF-2:

          ◦ Commissioning expected at the beginning of 2027
          ◦ Once operational, the facilities are expected to unlock an
            estimated 4,000 - 8,000 bopd of incremental gross production
            above the anticipated field baseline while reducing reservoir
            risk
          ◦ To minimise upfront capital expenditure and provide flexibility,
            the facilities will be leased over multiple years following
            commissioning, with limited incremental net capex expected in
            2025

    

   Financial

    

     • Free cash flow generation of $24.6 million in H1 2025 (H1 2024:  $26.6
       million), enabled by increased production and realised prices, capital
       discipline and cost control
     • Adjusted EBITDA  increased  13%  to  $41.1  million  (H1  2024:  $36.4
       million) as higher  production, stronger  prices and  lower other  G&A
       expenses offset  the  increase in  operating  costs and  share  option
       expense:

          ◦ Revenue increased 17% to $83.1 million (H1 2024: $71.2m) as
            strong production was bolstered by a 6% increase in the average
            realised price during the period to $27.8/bbl (H1 2024:
            $26.3/bbl)
          ◦ Gross operating costs per barrel of $4.2/bbl were flat (H1 2024:
            $4.2/bbl), with the decrease from the 2024 average of $4.4/bbl
            primarily reflecting higher production

     • Net capital  expenditure  of $18.1  million  (H1 2024:  $7.8  million)
       reflecting the  Company’s focused  work programme  of safety  critical
       upgrades at PF-2 and production optimisation expenditures:

          ◦ Includes a non-cash charge of $5.4 million associated with the
            capitalisation of drilling inventory previously classified as
            held for sale

     • Interim dividend of $25 million paid  in H1 2025 (H1 2024  shareholder
       distributions: $21 million)
     • Cash  balance  of $99.0  million as   at 30  June  2025 (31   December
       2024: $102.3 million),  with no  outstanding debt;  latest balance  as
       at 27 August 2025 of $105.7 million

   Outlook

    

     • 2025 gross average production expected  to be between 40,000 –  42,000
       bopd (previous guidance: 40,000 - 45,000 bopd), reflecting  production
       losses from the recent temporary disruptions:

          ◦ Guidance remains subject to local sales demand and a stable
            security environment

     • 2025 net capital expenditure expected to be $30-$35 million  (previous
       guidance: $25-$30 million):

          ◦ Unchanged expectation of c.$20 million net capex on PF-2 safety
            upgrades and maintenance and $5-$10 million on production
            optimisation initiatives
          ◦ Increase in guidance primarily reflects the incremental net capex
            associated with the water handling project

     • Unchanged guidance for  operating costs of  $50-$55 million and  other
       G&A expenses below $10 million
     • The Company  is pleased  to declare  a $25  million interim  dividend,
       equivalent to 11.52 US cents per  Common Share based on the  Company's
       total issued share capital as at 27 August 2025:

          ◦ The dividend will be paid on 30 September 2025, based on a record
            date of 12 September 2025 and ex-dividend date of 11 September
            2025
          ◦ Shareholders will have the option of being paid the dividend in
            either GBP or USD, with the default currency GBP

     • The Company continues to engage with government stakeholders regarding
       a solution to enable  the restart of  Kurdistan crude exports  through
       the Iraq-Türkiye Pipeline:

          ◦ The Company remains ready to resume oil exports provided
            satisfactory agreements are reached on payment surety for future
            oil exports, repayment of outstanding receivables and
            preservation of current contract economics

    

   Investor & analyst presentation

    

   GKP’s management team  will be  hosting a presentation  for investors  and
   analysts at 10:00am (BST) today via live audio webcast:

    

    1 https://brrmedia.news/GKP_GY_25      

    

   Sell-side analysts  are requested  to  join the  meeting via  the  dial-in
   details provided to them separately and ask questions verbally.  Investors
   are  encouraged   to  pre-submit   written  questions   via  the   webcast
   registration page, with  the opportunity to  submit questions live  during
   the presentation.

    

   A recording of the presentation will be made available on GKP’s website.

    

    

    

   This announcement contains inside information  for the purposes of the  UK
   Market Abuse Regime.

    

   Enquiries:

    

   Gulf Keystone:                          +44 (0) 20 7514 1400  
   Aaron Clark, Head of Investor Relations

   & Corporate Communications               2 aclark@gulfkeystone.com

    
   FTI Consulting                          +44 (0) 20 3727 1000
   Ben Brewerton
                                            3 GKP@fticonsulting.com
   Nick Hennis

    

   or visit:  4 www.gulfkeystone.com

    

   Notes to Editors:

   Gulf Keystone Petroleum Ltd. (LSE: GKP) is a leading independent  operator
   and producer in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Further information on  Gulf
   Keystone is available on its website:  5 www.gulfkeystone.com 

    

   Disclaimer

    

   This announcement  contains certain  forward-looking statements  that  are
   subject to  the risks  and uncertainties  associated with  the oil  &  gas
   exploration and  production business.  These statements  are made  by  the
   Company and its Directors in good faith based on the information available
   to them up to  the time of  their approval of  this announcement but  such
   statements should  be  treated with  caution  due to  inherent  risks  and
   uncertainties, including both economic and business factors and/or factors
   beyond the Company's control  or within the  Company's control where,  for
   example, the  Company  decides on  a  change  of plan  or  strategy.  This
   announcement has been prepared solely to provide additional information to
   shareholders to assess the Group's strategies and the potential for  those
   strategies to succeed. This  announcement should not be  relied on by  any
   other party or for any other purpose.

    

    

   CEO review

   The Company performed well  in the first half  of 2025, with  consistently
   robust  local  market  demand  and  good  reservoir  performance  enabling
   increased production relative to the  prior year period. Capital and  cost
   discipline continued to underpin free cash flow generation and shareholder
   distributions. While  temporary market  disruption and  security  concerns
   impacted sales in  June and  July respectively,  production has  gradually
   returned towards full well capacity in August. We have also seen increased
   momentum towards  an  exports  restart solution  in  our  engagement  with
   government stakeholders in recent weeks.

    

   We have  maintained a  rigorous focus  on  safety in  2025 year  to  date,
   extending our track record  of days without a  Lost Time Incident to  over
   950.

    

   Gross average production in the first half of 2025 was 44,100 bopd, a  12%
   increase relative to H1 2024. Local market demand for Shaikan Field  crude
   was consistently  strong between  January to  May 2025,  enabling  monthly
   gross average production above 45,000 bopd. Sales reduced in June  because
   of trucking shortages around the Eid Al-Adha holiday and some  disruptions
   during the conflict between Israel and Iran. Average realised prices in H1
   2025 were relatively healthy at $27.8/bbl, 6% higher compared to the prior
   year period. The  Company’s ability to  meet buyer demand  was enabled  by
   good  reservoir  performance,  with  successful  production   optimisation
   initiatives offsetting natural field declines and well maintenance.

    

   Gross production has averaged c.40,600 bopd in  the year to date as at  26
   August 2025,  with  the  reduction  relative to  the  first  half  average
   primarily reflecting the temporary shut-in of the Shaikan Field on 15 July
   2025 following  drone attacks  on a  number  of oil  fields close  to  our
   operations and elsewhere in Kurdistan. The safety of Gulf Keystone’s staff
   is always our  top priority  and we acted  quickly to  move employees  and
   contractors to safe locations. Earlier  this month, the Company  restarted
   production operations  following a  security assessment  and  consultation
   with the KRG. Following a gradual ramp up, production levels have returned
   towards full well capacity.

    

   The Company  has  continued to  execute  its disciplined  work  programme,
   progressing safety upgrades at PF-2 and executing production  optimisation
   initiatives. As previously announced, the planned shut-in of PF-2 that had
   been scheduled to take place in Q4 2025 to tie-in the safety upgrades  was
   deferred to 2026 to support production and provide greater work  programme
   flexibility.

    

   Increased production,  stronger  prices  and continued  capital  and  cost
   discipline enabled the Company to generate $24.6 million of free cash flow
   in the first half of  2025. In line with  our commitment to return  excess
   cash to shareholders, we paid a $25 million interim dividend in April.

    

   The Company has  recently sanctioned  the installation  of water  handling
   facilities  at   PF-2.  Engineering   design   work  has   commenced   and
   commissioning is currently expected at the beginning of 2027.

    

   Once operational, the facilities are expected to unlock an estimated 4,000
   - 8,000 bopd of incremental  gross production above the anticipated  field
   baseline from  existing  constrained wells  and  reduce downside  risk  to
   reservoir recovery. The facilities will add additional wet oil  processing
   capacity of around  17,000 bopd to  the Shaikan Field’s  existing dry  oil
   processing capacity of around 60,000 bopd. While there are no  indications
   of a near term increase in water ingress following an extraordinary  track
   record of dry  oil production  to date  of over  145 MMstb,  we have  long
   viewed water  handling as  a  critical component  of the  Shaikan  Field’s
   development and natural life cycle.

    

   To reduce costs, we have sourced second hand facilities and are  combining
   them with  an existing  oil train  at PF-2.  To minimise  upfront  capital
   expenditure and provide  flexibility, the facilities  will be leased  over
   multiple years following  commissioning. Limited  incremental net  capital
   expenditure is expected in 2025, with total costs during the  construction
   phase ahead of commissioning estimated at approximately $12 million net to
   GKP. The facilities are expected to generate positive cash flow, even in a
   local sales environment, with future  operating costs associated with  the
   lease and  water  disposal  expected  to  be  more  than  covered  by  the
   anticipated incremental production.

    

   Looking ahead to the  remainder of the year,  we are expecting 2025  gross
   average production to be between 40,000 - 42,000 bopd (previous  guidance:
   40,000 - 45,000 bopd), reflecting the impact of the temporary  disruptions
   experienced from June to  August. We continue  to progress our  production
   optimisation programme,  with additional  well  workovers planned  in  the
   second half of the year, while managing natural field declines and certain
   wells constrained by water and gas. The guidance remains subject to  local
   sales demand and a stable security environment.

    

   2025 net capital expenditure is  expected to be $30-$35 million  (previous
   guidance: $25-$30  million), primarily  reflecting the  incremental  capex
   associated with water handling.

    

   The  Company,  along  with  other  international  oil  companies  (“IOCs”)
   operating in  Kurdistan, has  been continuing  to engage  with  government
   stakeholders and other relevant parties regarding the restart of Kurdistan
   exports. The past few weeks have been characterised by increased levels of
   activity as we  focus on securing  written agreements. We  are hopeful  of
   reaching a solution soon and remain ready to restart exports quickly.

    

    

   Jon Harris

   Chief Executive Officer

    

   27 August 2025

    

    

   Financial review

    

   Key financial highlights

    

                                            Six months Six months
                                                                   Year ended
                                                 ended      ended
                                                                  31 December
                                          30 June 2025    30 June        2024
                                                             2024
   Gross average production(1)      bopd        44,100     39,252      40,689
   Dated Brent(2)                   $/bbl         71.9       84.1        80.8
   Realised price(1)                $/bbl         27.8       26.3        26.8
   Discount to Dated Brent          $/bbl         44.1       57.8        53.9
   Revenue                           $m           83.1       71.2       151.2
   Operating costs                   $m           26.9       23.9        52.4
   Gross operating costs per        $/bbl          4.2        4.2         4.4
   barrel(1)
   Other general and administrative  $m            4.6        5.4        11.4
   expenses
   Share option expense              $m            4.4        2.1         4.4
   Adjusted EBITDA(1)                $m           41.1       36.4        76.1
   (Loss)/profit after tax           $m          (7.2)        0.4         7.2
   Basic (loss)/earnings per share  cents        (3.3)        0.2         3.3
   Revenue receipts(1)               $m           78.2       65.5       144.1
   Net capital expenditure(1)        $m           18.1        7.8        18.3
   Free cash flow(1)                 $m           24.6       26.6        65.4
   Shareholder distributions(3)      $m             25         21          45
   Cash and cash equivalents         $m           99.0      102.3       102.3

    

    1. Represents either  a  non-financial  or  non-IFRS  measure  which  are
       explained in the summary of non-IFRS measures where applicable.
    2. Provided as a comparator for realised price. Realised prices for local
       sales remain driven by supply and demand dynamics in the local market,
       with no direct link to Dated Brent.
    3. H1 2025: $25 million  dividend; H1 2024: $15  million dividend and  $6
       million of the Company’s $10 million share buyback programme  launched
       on 13 May 2024 and completed on 23 July 2024; FY 2024: $35 million  of
       dividends and $10 million of completed share buybacks.

    

   Gulf Keystone continued to generate material  free cash flow in the  first
   half of  2025,  supported by  increased  production and  realised  prices,
   capital discipline  and cost  control.  The strong  financial  performance
   funded the payment of a $25 million interim dividend to shareholders while
   maintaining the Company’s robust, debt-free balance sheet. With production
   having returned towards  full well capacity  following the temporary  July
   shut-in and a robust cash balance, the Board has approved the  declaration
   of an additional $25  million interim dividend.  Looking ahead, we  remain
   focused on maintaining capital and cost discipline to drive free cash flow
   from local sales as we work towards the restart of exports.

    

   Adjusted EBITDA

    

   Adjusted EBITDA increased 13% to $41.1 million in H1 2025 (H1 2024:  $36.4
   million) as higher  production, stronger realised  prices and lower  other
   G&A expenses more than  offset the increase in  operating costs and  share
   option expense.

    

   Gross average production increased 12% to 44,100 bopd in H1 2025 (H1 2024:
   39,252 bopd) reflecting consistently robust demand from a more established
   local sales market and good reservoir performance.

    

   H1 2025 revenue increased 17% to $83.1 million (H1 2024: $71.2 million) as
   strong production  volumes  were complemented  by  a 6%  increase  in  the
   average  realised  price  during  the   period  to  $27.8/bbl  (H1   2024:
   $26.3/bbl). Realised prices have averaged around $27-$28/bbl since June.

    

   The Company continued to carefully manage its cost base in the first  half
   of 2025 while safely  maintaining the production  capacity of the  Shaikan
   Field. Gross operating costs per barrel of $4.2/bbl were flat relative  to
   the prior period  (H1 2024:  $4.2/bbl), with  the decrease  from the  2024
   average of  $4.4/bbl  primarily reflecting  higher  production.  Operating
   costs in the  first half of  2025 increased  by 13% to  $26.9 million  (H1
   2024: $23.9 million),  principally reflecting higher  production and  well
   service costs to bring two wells back online.

    

   Other G&A expenses decreased 15% to $4.6 million in H1 2025 (H1 2024: $5.4
   million), primarily  reflecting the  absence of  one-off retention  awards
   accrued for in 2024 and paid in Q1 2025.

    

   Share option expense was $4.4 million in H1 2025 (H1 2024: $2.1  million),
   reflecting the higher vesting in April 2025 of a greater number of  awards
   associated with the  2022 LTIP relative  to the vesting  of the 2021  LTIP
   award in 2024.

    

   (Loss)/profit after tax

    

   The Company reported a loss after tax of $7.2 million in the first half of
   2025 (H1 2024 profit after  tax: $0.4 million), principally reflecting  an
   $8.9  million  charge  to  the  expected  credit  loss  (“ECL”)  provision
   associated with  the outstanding  export sales  receivables. The  non-cash
   charge reflects a revision of  the previously modelled ITP reopening  date
   and  updated  commercial  assumptions  (see  note  12  to  the   financial
   statements for further detail).

    

   Cash flows

    

   Revenue receipts,  which  reflect cash  received  in the  period  for  the
   Company’s net entitlement  of production  sales, were  $78.2 million,  19%
   higher year-on-year (H1  2024: $65.5 million)  primarily driven by  higher
   production and stronger realised prices.

    

   Net capital  expenditure in  H1  2025 was  $18.1  million (H1  2024:  $7.8
   million),  as  the  Company  progressed  its  disciplined  work  programme
   comprised of safety-critical upgrades at PF-2 and production  optimisation
   expenditures. Net capex in the period  included a non-cash charge of  $5.4
   million associated with the capitalisation of drilling inventory purchased
   and paid for in 2022 and 2023 that had previously been classified as  held
   for sale following the wind down  of the Company’s expansion programme  in
   2023 (see note 10 to the financial statements for further detail).

    

   Free cash flow decreased 8%  to $24.6 million in  H1 2025 (H1 2024:  $26.6
   million), with the increase  in production and  realised prices offset  by
   higher cash capex and outflows related to working capital and other items.

    

   The Company  continued  to  engage  with  the  KRG  regarding  outstanding
   commercial matters including the payment mechanism of the overdue  October
   2022 to  March 2023  invoices. The  total owed  to GKP  amounts to  $151.1
   million (comprising of $120.4  million cost oil  and $30.7 million  profit
   oil net to  GKP after  capacity building payment  (“CBP”) deduction).  The
   combined total owed to GKP and  Kalegran B.V. (a subsidiary of MOL  Group,
   “MOL”) (who form  together the ”Shaikan  Contractor” or the  ”Contractor”)
   amounts to $192.8 million  (comprising $150.5 million  cost oil and  $42.3
   million profit  oil).  The Company  continues  to expect  to  recover  the
   invoices in full.

    

   Gulf Keystone was pleased to pay an interim dividend of $25 million in  H1
   2025 (H1 2024  shareholder distributions: $21  million), according to  the
   Company’s announced approach of semi-annual dividend reviews.

    

   To satisfy the vesting of the 2022 LTIP award, purchases of the  Company’s
   shares were made  by the  Employee Benefit  Trust (“EBT”)  in the  period,
   amounting to $4.0 million.  The vesting of LTIP  awards in previous  years
   has been satisfied by the issuance of shares.

    

   GKP’s cash balance was $99.0 million as at 30 June 2025 (31 December 2024:
   $102.3 million) with no outstanding debt. The cash balance as at 27 August
   2025 was $105.7 million.

    

   The  Group  performed  a  cash  flow  and  liquidity  analysis,  including
   consideration of the current uncertainty  over the timing of the  pipeline
   reopening and settlement of outstanding amounts due from the KRG, and  the
   fact that the outlook for local  sales volumes and prices have  fluctuated
   in the past and may be difficult  to predict. Based on this analysis,  the
   Directors have  a  reasonable  expectation that  the  Group  has  adequate
   resources to continue to operate  for twelve months. Therefore, the  going
   concern basis of accounting is used to prepare the financial statements.

    

   Net entitlement

    

   The Company shares Shaikan Field revenues  with its partner, MOL, and  the
   KRG, based  on  the  terms  of the  Shaikan  Production  Sharing  Contract
   (“Shaikan PSC”).  GKP  and  MOL’s  revenue  entitlement  is  described  as
   “Contractor entitlement”  and  GKP’s  entitlement alone  is  described  as
   “net”. GKP’s net  entitlement includes its  share of the  recovery of  the
   Company’s investment in the Shaikan Field, comprising capital  expenditure
   and operating costs, through cost oil  and a share of the profits  through
   profit oil, less a CBP owed to the KRG.

    

   The unrecovered cost oil balance (or ”Cost Pool”) and R-factor are used to
   calculate monthly cost oil and profit oil entitlements, respectively, owed
   to the Shaikan Contractor from crude oil sales. Unrecovered cost oil  owed
   to  the  Shaikan  Contractor  increases  with  the  addition  of  incurred
   expenditures deemed recoverable under the Shaikan PSC and is depleted on a
   cash basis as crude sales are paid.

    

   As at 30 June 2025, there was  $140.0 million of unrecovered cost oil  for
   the Shaikan  Contractor  ($116.4 million  net  to GKP,  including  certain
   expenditures funded  100% by  the Company),  subject to  a potential  cost
   audit by  the  MNR.  The R-factor,  calculated  as  cumulative  Contractor
   revenue receipts of $2,523 million divided by cumulative Contractor  costs
   of $2,021 million, was 1.25,  resulting in a share  in the profit oil  for
   the Contractor of 26.3%.

    

   GKP’s net entitlement of  total Shaikan Field sales  was 36% in the  first
   half of 2025. Looking  ahead, the Company expects  its net entitlement  to
   remain at this level in the  second half of 2025. Should exports  restart,
   increases in realised  price, cash receipt  of payments for  international
   sales and the potential implementation by the KRG of a repayment mechanism
   for past overdue invoices would accelerate the depletion of the Cost  Pool
   upon receipt of payment. This would shorten the period that the  Company’s
   net entitlement is expected to remain around 36% provided that  investment
   in the Shaikan Field does not increase.

    

   The outlook for the Company’s net entitlement assumes effective receipt of
   the cost  oil  portion of  the  outstanding  October 2022  to  March  2023
   receivable balance  due from  the  KRG to  the Shaikan  Contractor,  which
   totalled $150.5 million  as at  30 June  2025 (or on  a net  basis to  GKP
   $120.4 million). Effective recovery of the receivable cost oil is expected
   to occur with regular payment from either local or export sales.  Recovery
   is expected to effectively  lead to a corresponding  reduction in the  net
   receivable balance due from the KRG.  $30.7 million of profit oil (net  to
   GKP after CBP deduction) is also expected to be fully repaid by the KRG as
   part of a repayment mechanism.

    

   The Company now expects the receivable cost oil to begin to be effectively
   recovered through regular  crude sales in  the second half  of 2025.  This
   reflects the differing  accounting recognition criteria  of the Cost  Pool
   and receivable balance, which under IFRS recognises revenue on an  accrual
   basis in contrast to the reporting of the PSC which is prepared on a  cash
   basis. It also reflects the Company’s ongoing negotiations with the MNR on
   outstanding commercial matters, which include the timing and mechanism for
   settling the  outstanding  receivables.  See  Note  12  to  the  financial
   statements for further detail.

    

   Outlook

    

   2025 net capital expenditure is  expected to be $30-$35 million  (previous
   guidance:  $25-$30   million),   primarily  reflecting   the   incremental
   investment associated with  water handling.  We continue  to expect  c.$20
   million of net capital expenditure on the PF-2 safety upgrades and  $5-$10
   million  related  to  the  production  optimisation  programme.   Guidance
   excludes the H1 2025 non-cash charge  of $5.4 million associated with  the
   reclassification of drilling inventory, as described above.

    

   The Company continues  to expect  operating costs of  $50-$55 million  and
   other  G&A  expenses  below  $10   million  in  2025  as  per   previously
   communicated guidance.

    

   The Company is pleased to declare, alongside the 2025 half year results, a
   $25 million interim dividend, increasing total dividends declared in  2025
   to $50 million. The  dividend is equivalent to  11.52 US cents per  Common
   Share based on the  Company's total issued share  capital as at 27  August
   2025 and will be paid on 30 September  2025, based on a record date of  12
   September 2025 and  ex-dividend date  of 11  September 2025.  Shareholders
   will have the option of being paid the dividend in either GBP or USD, with
   the default currency GBP.

    

    

   Gabriel Papineau-Legris

   Chief Financial Officer

    

   27 August 2025

    

   Non-IFRS measures

   The Group uses certain measures to assess the financial performance of its
   business. Some of  these measures are  termed “non-IFRS measures”  because
   they exclude amounts  that are included  in, or include  amounts that  are
   excluded  from,  the  most  directly  comparable  measure  calculated  and
   presented in accordance with  International Financial Reporting  Standards
   (“IFRS”),  or  are  calculated  using  financial  measures  that  are  not
   calculated in  accordance  with  IFRS.  These  non‑IFRS  measures  include
   financial measures such as operating costs and non-financial measures such
   as gross average production.

   The Group uses such measures to measure and monitor operating  performance
   and liquidity, in presentations to the Board and as a basis for  strategic
   planning and forecasting.  The Directors  believe that  these and  similar
   measures are used  widely by  certain investors,  securities analysts  and
   other interested  parties  as  supplemental measures  of  performance  and
   liquidity.

   The non-IFRS  measures may  not be  comparable to  other similarly  titled
   measures used by other companies and have limitations as analytical  tools
   and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for  analysis
   of the Group’s operating results as reported under IFRS. An explanation of
   the relevance of each  of the non-IFRS measures  and a description of  how
   they are calculated  is set out  below. A reconciliation  of the  non-IFRS
   measures to the most directly comparable measures calculated and presented
   in accordance with IFRS and a discussion of their limitations is also  set
   out below,  where applicable.  The Group  does not  regard these  non-IFRS
   measures as  a substitute  for, or  superior to,  the equivalent  measures
   calculated and presented in accordance with IFRS or those calculated using
   financial measures that are calculated in accordance with IFRS.

    

   Gross operating costs per barrel

   Gross operating  costs  are  divided  by gross  production  to  arrive  at
   operating costs per barrel.

                                        Six months   Six months
                                             ended        ended Year ended 31
                                                                December 2024
                                      30 June 2025 30 June 2024
   Gross production (MMstb)                    8.0          7.2          14.9
   Gross    operating    costs     ($         33.6         29.9          65.5
   million)(1)
   Gross operating  costs per  barrel          4.2          4.2           4.4
   ($ per bbl)

    

    1. Gross operating costs  equate to operating  costs (see note  5 to  the
       financial statements) adjusted for the Group’s 80% working interest in
       the Shaikan Field.

    

   Adjusted EBITDA

   Adjusted EBITDA is a useful indicator of the Group’s profitability,  which
   excludes the  impact  of  costs  attributable  to  tax  expense)/(credit),
   finance costs, finance revenue, depreciation, amortisation, impairment  of
   receivables and provision against inventory held for resale.

                                        Six months   Six months
                                             ended        ended Year ended 31
                                                                December 2024
                                      30 June 2025 30 June 2024
                                                                    $ million
                                         $ million    $ million
   (Loss)/profit after tax                   (7.2)          0.4           7.2
   Finance costs                               1.0          0.8           1.7
   Finance income                            (1.1)        (2.0)         (4.1)
   Tax (credit)/charge                       (0.2)          0.6           0.7
   Depreciation of oil and gas assets         41.2         36.5          75.8
   Depreciation of  other PPE  assets          1.2          1.7           3.0
   and amortisation of intangibles
   Increase/(decrease)  of   expected
   credit  loss  provision  on  trade          8.9        (1.7)         (8.2)
   receivables
   Reversal  of   provision   against        (2.6)            -             -
   inventory held for resale
   Adjusted EBITDA                            41.1         36.4          76.1

    

   Net cash

   Net cash is a useful indicator  of the Group’s indebtedness and  financial
   flexibility because it indicates  the level of  cash and cash  equivalents
   less cash borrowings within the Group’s  business. Net cash is defined  as
   cash and cash  equivalents, less  current and  non-current borrowings  and
   non-cash adjustments. Non-cash adjustments include unamortised arrangement
   fees and other adjustments.

                             30 June 2025 30 June 2024 31 December 2024
    
                                $ million    $ million        $ million
   Cash and cash equivalents         99.0        102.3            102.3
   Borrowings                           -            -                -
   Net cash                          99.0        102.3            102.3

    

   Net Capital expenditure

   Net capital expenditure is the value  of the Group’s additions to oil  and
   gas assets excluding the change in  value of the decommissioning asset  or
   any asset impairment.

                               Six months      Six months
                                    ended           ended       Year ended 31
                                                                December 2024
                             30 June 2025    30 June 2024
                                                                    $ million
                                $ million       $ million
   Net            capital            18.1             7.8                18.3
   expenditure

    

   As detailed  in Note  10  to the  financial  statements, the  net  capital
   expenditure in the  period ended 30  June 2025, includes  $5.4 million  of
   items  originally  purchased  and  paid   in  2022  and  2023,  but   were
   subsequently classed as impaired inventory  held for sale. Upon  delisting
   as held for sale  these assets have  been capitalised, as  an oil and  gas
   asset, but are a non-cash item in the current period. 2025 full year capex
   guidance of $30-$35 million excludes this non-cash item.

    

    

   Free cash flow

   Free cash flow represents the Group’s cash flows, before any dividends and
   share buybacks including related fees.

                                        Six months   Six months
                                             ended        ended Year ended 31
                                                                December 2024
                                      30 June 2025 30 June 2024
                                                                    $ million
                                         $ million    $ million
   Net cash generated from  operating         38.3         42.8          93.5
   activities
   Net   cash   used   in   investing       (13.5)       (16.0)        (27.6)
   activities
   Payment of leases                         (0.2)        (0.2)         (0.5)
   Free cash flow                             24.6         26.6          65.4

    

   Principal risks & uncertainties

   The Board determines and reviews the key risks for the Group on a  regular
   basis. The principal risks, and how the Group seeks to mitigate them,  for
   the second half of the year are largely consistent with those detailed  in
   the management of principal  risks and uncertainties  section of the  2024
   Annual Report and Accounts. The principal risks are listed below:

    

   Strategic                        Operational         Financial
                                    Health, safety and
   Export route availability                            Commodity prices
                                    environment (“HSE”)
                                    risks
   Political, social and economic                       Oil revenue payment
                                    Gas flaring         mechanism
   instability
                                                        Liquidity and funding
   Stakeholder misalignment         Security
                                                        capability
   Disputes regarding title or
                                    Reserves             
   exploration and production
   rights
   Business conduct and
                                    Field delivery risk  
   anti‑corruption
   Risk of economic sanctions
                                                         
   impacting the Group
   Climate change                                        
   Organisation and talent                               
   Cyber security                                        

    

    

   Responsibility statement

   The Directors confirm that to the best of their knowledge:

    a. the condensed  set  of  financial  statements  has  been  prepared  in
       accordance with UK-adopted IAS 34 (Interim Financial Reporting);
    b. the  interim  management  report  includes   a  fair  review  of   the
       information required by DTR 4.2.7R (indication of important events and
       their impact during the first six months and description of  principal
       risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year); and
    c. the  interim  management  report  includes   a  fair  review  of   the
       information required  by DTR  4.2.8R (disclosure  of related  parties'
       transactions and changes therein).

   By order of the Board

    

   Jon Harris

   Chief Executive Officer

   27 August 2025

   INDEPENDENT REVIEW REPORT TO GULF KEYSTONE PETROLEUM LIMITED

   Conclusion

   Based on our review, nothing has come  to our attention that causes us  to
   believe that the condensed set of financial statements in the  half-yearly
   financial report for the six months ended 30 June 2025 is not prepared, in
   all  material  respects,  in  accordance  with  UK  adopted  International
   Accounting Standard 34 and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency  Rules
   of the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority.

   We have been engaged  by Gulf Keystone  Petroleum Limited (the  “company”)
   and its  subsidiaries  (the  “Group”)  to  review  the  condensed  set  of
   financial statements  in  the half-yearly  financial  report for  the  six
   months ended  30  June 2025  which  comprises the  condensed  consolidated
   income statement, the  condensed consolidated  statement of  comprehensive
   income,  the   condensed  consolidated   balance  sheet,   the   condensed
   consolidated statement of  changes in equity,  the condensed  consolidated
   cash flow  statement  and the  related  explanatory notes  that  have  been
   reviewed.

   Basis for conclusion

   We conducted our review in  accordance with the International Standard  on
   Review Engagements  (UK) 2410,  “Review of  Interim Financial  Information
   Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” (“ISRE (UK) 2410”).  A
   review of  interim financial  information  consists of  making  enquiries,
   primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and
   applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially
   less in scope  than an  audit conducted in  accordance with  International
   Standards on Auditing (UK) and consequently  does not enable us to  obtain
   assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might
   be identified  in  an audit.  Accordingly,  we  do not  express  an  audit
   opinion.

   As disclosed in Note 2, the  annual financial statements of the Group  are
   prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards.
   The condensed set  of financial  statements included  in this  half-yearly
   financial  report  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK   adopted
   International Accounting Standard 34, “Interim Financial Reporting”.

   Conclusions relating to going concern

   Based on  our  review procedures,  which  are less  extensive  than  those
   performed in an audit as described in the Basis for conclusion section  of
   this report,  nothing  has come  to  our  attention to  suggest  that  the
   directors  have  inappropriately  adopted  the  going  concern  basis   of
   accounting or that  the directors have  identified material  uncertainties
   relating to going concern that are not appropriately disclosed.

   This conclusion is based on the review procedures performed in  accordance
   with ISRE (UK)  2410, however future  events or conditions  may cause  the
   Group to cease to continue as a going concern.

   Responsibilities of directors

   The directors  are responsible  for  preparing the  half-yearly  financial
   report in accordance with the UK adopted International Accounting Standard
   34 “Interim  Financial  Reporting”, the  Bermuda  Companies Act  1981  and
   Disclosure  Guidance  and  Transparency  Rules  of  the  United  Kingdom’s
   Financial Conduct Authority.

   In  preparing  the  half-yearly   financial  report,  the  directors   are
   responsible for  assessing the  Group’s  ability to  continue as  a  going
   concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters  related to going concern  and
   using the going concern  basis of accounting  unless the directors  either
   intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic
   alternative but to do so.

   Auditor’s responsibilities for the review of the financial information

   In reviewing the half-yearly report, we are responsible for expressing  to
   the Company a conclusion  on the condensed set  of financial statement  in
   the  half-yearly   financial  report.   Our  conclusion,   including   our
   Conclusions Relating to Going  Concern, are based  on procedures that  are
   less extensive  than  audit procedures,  as  described in  the  Basis  for
   Conclusion paragraph of this report.

   Use of our report

   Our report  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  our
   engagement to  assist  the Company  in  meeting the  requirements  of  the
   Disclosure  Guidance  and  Transparency  Rules  of  the  United  Kingdom’s
   Financial Conduct  Authority  and  for  no other  purpose.  No  person  is
   entitled to rely on this report unless such a person is a person  entitled
   to rely upon this report by virtue of and for the purpose of our terms  of
   engagement or has been expressly authorised to do so by our prior  written
   consent. Save as above, we do not accept responsibility for this report to
   any other person or for any other purpose and we hereby expressly disclaim
   any and all such liability.

    

   BDO LLP

   Chartered Accountants

   London, UK

   27 August 2025

   BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales
   (with registered number OC305127).

    

    

    

   Condensed consolidated income statement

   For the six months ended 30 June 2025

    

                                                                         Year
                                            Six months   Six months
                                                 ended        ended  ended 31
                                                                     December
                                    Notes 30 June 2025 30 June 2024      2024
                                             Unaudited    Unaudited
                                                                      Audited
                                                 $’000        $’000
                                                                        $’000
   Revenue                            4         83,144       71,186   151,208
   Cost of sales                      5       (71,172)     (65,675) (138,866)
   (Increase)/decrease of expected
   credit loss provision on trade    12        (8,911)        1,676     8,191
   receivables
   Gross profit                                  3,061        7,187    20,533
                                                                             
   Other general and administrative   6        (4,593)      (5,392)  (11,412)
   expenses
   Share option related expense       7        (4,435)      (2,055)   (4,419)
   (Loss)/profit from operations               (5,967)        (260)     4,702
                                                                             
   Finance income                                1,124        2,008     4,116
   Finance costs                                 (970)        (814)   (1,676)
   Foreign exchange (losses)/gains             (1,651)          124       724
   (Loss)/profit before tax                    (7,464)        1,058     7,866
                                                                             
   Tax credit/(charge)                             250        (616)     (708)
   (Loss)/profit after tax                     (7,214)          442     7,158
                                                                             
   (Loss)/profit per share (cents)                                           
   Basic                              8         (3.32)         0.20      3.26
   Diluted                            8         (3.32)         0.19      3.13

    

    

    

   Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income

   For the six months ended 30 June 2025

    

                                          Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                               ended        ended 31 December
                                                                         2024
                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024
                                                                      Audited
                                           Unaudited    Unaudited
                                               $’000        $’000       $’000
                                                                             
   (Loss)/profit after tax for the           (7,214)          442       7,158
   period
   Items that may be reclassified                                  
   subsequently to profit or loss:
   Exchange differences on                     2,289        (139)       (517)
   translation of foreign operations
   Total comprehensive (loss)/income         (4,925)          303       6,641
   for the period

    

    

   Condensed consolidated balance sheet

   As at 30 June 2025

    

                                         30 June
                                                 31 December 2024
                                            2025
                                 Notes                    Audited
                                       Unaudited
                                                            $’000
                                           $’000
   Non-current assets                                            
   Property, plant and equipment  10     365,592          388,450
   Intangible assets                         607            1,255
   Trade receivables              12     120,902          138,175
   Deferred tax asset                      1,159              825
                                         488,260          528,705
                                                                 
   Current assets                                                
   Inventories                    11       7,777            9,852
   Trade and other receivables    12      35,096           26,779
   Cash and cash equivalents              99,041          102,346
                                         141,914          138,977
   Total assets                          630,174          667,682
                                                                 
                                                                 
   Current liabilities                                           
   Trade and other payables       13   (110,223)        (117,277)
   Deferred income                13       (800)            (716)
                                       (111,023)        (117,993)
                                                                 
   Non-current liabilities                                       
   Trade and other payables       13     (1,080)          (1,112)
   Provisions                           (37,594)         (36,247)
                                        (38,674)         (37,359)
   Total liabilities                   (149,697)        (155,352)
   Net assets                            480,477          512,330
                                                                 
   Equity                                                        
   Share capital                  14     217,005          217,005
   Share premium account          14     439,105          463,985
   Exchange translation reserve          (1,994)          (4,283)
   Accumulated losses                  (173,639)        (164,377)
   Total equity                          480,477          512,330

    

    

    

   Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity

   For the six months ended 30 June 2025

                                       Share    Exchange
                              Share  premium             Accumulated    Total
                                             translation
                            capital  account                  losses   equity
                                                 reserve
                              $’000    $’000       $’000       $’000    $’000
   Balance at 1 January     222,443  503,312     (3,766)   (174,752)  547,237
   2024 (audited)
                                                                             
   Profit after tax for the       -        -           -         442      442
   period
   Exchange difference of
   translation of foreign         -        -       (139)           -    (139)
   operations
   Total comprehensive
   (loss)/income for the          -        -       (139)         442      303
   period
   Dividends                      - (15,000)           -           - (15,000)
   Share issues                 255        -           -       (255)        -
   Repurchase of ordinary   (3,359)  (2,525)           -           -  (5,884)
   shares
   Employee share schemes         -        -           -       1,337    1,337
   Balance at 30 June 2024  219,339  485,787     (3,905)   (173,228)  527,993
   (unaudited)
                                                                             
   Profit after tax for the       -    -               -       6,716    6,716
   period
   Exchange difference of
   translation of foreign         -        -       (378)           -    (378)
   operations
   Total comprehensive
   (loss)/income for the          -        -       (378)       6,716    6,338
   period
   Dividends                      - (19,933)           -           - (19,933)
   Share issues                   -        -           -           -        -
   Repurchase of ordinary   (2,334)  (1,869)           -           -  (4,203)
   shares
   Employee share schemes         -        -           -       2,135    2,135
   Balance at 31 December   217,005  463,985     (4,283)   (164,377)  512,330
   2024 (audited)
                                                                             
   Loss after tax for the         -        -           -     (7,214)  (7,214)
   period
   Exchange difference of
   translation of foreign         -        -       2,289           -    2,289
   operations
   Total comprehensive
   income/(loss) for the          -        -       2,289     (7,214)  (4,925)
   period
   Dividends                      - (24,880)           -           - (24,880)
   Reissue of repurchased         -        -           -     (3,506)  (3,506)
   shares
   Own shares repurchased
   and held in Employee           -        -           -       (526)    (526)
   Benefit Trust
   Employee share schemes         -        -           -       1,984    1,984
   Balance at 30 June 2025  217,005  439,105     (1,994)   (173,639)  480,477
   (unaudited)

    

    

   Condensed consolidated cash flow statement

   for the six months ended 30 June 2025

    

                                          Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                               ended        ended 31 December
                                  Notes                                  2024
                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024
                                                                      Audited
                                           Unaudited    Unaudited
                                               $’000        $’000       $’000
   Operating activities                                                      
   Cash generated in operations     9         37,171       40,788      89,427
   Interest received                           1,124        2,008       4,116
   Net cash generated in                      38,295       42,796      93,543
   operating activities
                                                                             
   Investing activities                                                      
   Purchase of intangible assets               (133)         (32)       (420)
   Purchase of property, plant     10       (13,385)     (15,973)    (27,178)
   and equipment
   Net cash used in investing               (13,518)     (16,005)    (27,598)
   activities
                                                                             
   Financing activities                                                      
   Payment of dividends            14       (24,880)            -    (34,933)
   Purchase of own shares - share                  -      (5,884)    (10,087)
   buyback
   Purchase of own shares -        14      (4,032)              -           -
   employee share-based payments
   Payment of leases                           (216)        (238)       (452)
   Net cash used in financing               (29,128)      (6,122)    (45,472)
   activities
                                                                             
   Net (decrease)/increase in                (4,351)       20,669      20,473
   cash and cash equivalents
   Cash and cash equivalents at              102,346       81,709      81,709
   beginning of period
   Effect of foreign exchange                  1,046         (46)         164
   rate changes
   Cash and cash equivalents at
   end of the period being bank               99,041      102,332     102,346
   balances and cash on hand

    

    

   Notes to the consolidated financial statements

   1. General information

   Gulf  Keystone  Petroleum  Limited   (the  “Company”)  is  domiciled   and
   incorporated in  Bermuda (registered  address:  c/o Carey  Olsen  Services
   Bermuda Limited, 5th Floor, Rosebank Centre, 11 Bermudiana Road, Pembroke,
   HM08 Bermuda); together with its subsidiaries it forms the “Group”. On  25
   March 2014, the  Company’s common  shares were admitted,  with a  standard
   listing, to  the Official  List of  the United  Kingdom Listing  Authority
   (“UKLA”) and to  trading on the  London Stock Exchange’s  Main Market  for
   listed securities. On 29 July 2024, new Listing Rules came into effect for
   the London Stock Exchange.  The former categories  for Main Market  listed
   companies of Premium and Standard Listed were ceased (GKP being a Standard
   Listed company up  until this  point). From that  date, GKP  moved to  the
   Equity Shares  – Transition  category. The  Company serves  as the  parent
   company for  the Group,  which  is engaged  in  oil and  gas  exploration,
   development and production, operating in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

   2. Summary of material accounting policies

   These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with  the
   audited financial statements contained in  the Annual Report and  Accounts
   for the year ended 31 December 2024. The Annual Report and Accounts of the
   Group  were   prepared  in   accordance   with  United   Kingdom   adopted
   International Accounting Standards (“IAS”). The condensed set of financial
   statements included  in  this  half  yearly  financial  report  have  been
   prepared in accordance with IAS  34 ‘Interim Financial Reporting’ and  the
   Disclosure  and  Transparency  Rules  (“DTR”)  of  the  Financial  Conduct
   Authority (“FCA”) in the United Kingdom as applicable to interim financial
   reporting.

   The condensed set  of financial  statements included in  this half  yearly
   financial report  have been  prepared  on a  going  concern basis  as  the
   Directors consider  that  the Group  has  adequate resources  to  continue
   operating for the foreseeable future.

   The accounting policies adopted in  the 2025 half-yearly financial  report
   are the same  as those  adopted in the  2024 Annual  Report and  Accounts,
   other than  the implementation  of new  International Financial  Reporting
   Standards (“IFRS”) reporting standards.

   The financial information included herein  for the year ended 31  December
   2024 does not constitute  the Group’s financial  statements for that  year
   but is derived from those Accounts. The auditor’s report on those Accounts
   was unqualified and did  not include a reference  to any matters to  which
   the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis of matter.

   Adoption of new and revised accounting standards

   As of  1 January  2025, a  number of  accounting standard  amendments  and
   interpretations became  effective. The  adoption of  these amendments  and
   interpretations has not had a material impact on the financial  statements
   of the Group for the six months ended 30 June 2025.

   Going concern

   The Group’s  business  activities, together  with  the factors  likely  to
   affect its future development,  performance and position,  are set out  in
   the  Chief  Executive  Officer’s  review  and  the  Principal  risks   and
   uncertainties. The financial position of the  Group at the period end  and
   its cash  flows  and liquidity  position  are included  in  the  Financial
   review.

   As at 27 August 2025 the Group had $105.7 million of cash and no debt. The
   Group  continues  to  closely  monitor  and  manage  its  liquidity.  Cash
   forecasts are regularly produced and  sensitivities are run for  different
   scenarios including,  but  not  limited  to,  changes  in  sales  volumes,
   commodity price fluctuations, timing of export pipeline restart, delays to
   revenue receipts  and cost  optimisations. The  Group remains  focused  on
   taking appropriate actions to preserve its liquidity position.

   The Group’s liquidity position has remained stable up to the date of  this
   report. Although local sales were impacted by the precautionary shut-in of
   the Shaikan field from mid-July  due to drone attacks  at a number of  oil
   fields in the vicinity  of Shaikan operations, demand  this year has  been
   consistently strong. This  enabled production  to remain  within the  2025
   guidance range. Following the re-start  of operations earlier this  month,
   production has since returned to similar levels as before the shut-in. The
   Group continues  to execute  a disciplined  work programme,  with  careful
   management  of  investment  with   a  focus  on  production   optimisation
   initiatives  and  well  maintenance  to  offset  natural  field   decline.
   Nonetheless, the Group  is aware  there could  be a  potential decline  in
   local sales, and potential delays in Kurdistan Regional Government (“KRG”)
   revenue receipts once the Iraq-Türkiye pipeline (“ITP”) has been reopened.
   The key uncertainties in the current environment are summarised below:

     • Geopolitical events and  regional instability: recent  events such  as
       the recent  conflict between  Israel and  Iran and  drone attacks  are
       challenging to foresee;
     • Local sales: the Group continues local sales with payments from buyers
       required in advance following extensive due diligence. During H1  2025
       the Group received over $78  million related to local sales.  However,
       production volumes (average 44,100  bopd in H1  2025) and prices  have
       fluctuated in the past and may be difficult to predict; and
     • Export sales: The Group continues to  engage with the KRG and  Federal
       Iraq on the resumption of  Kurdistan's oil exports, although a  number
       of key details remain outstanding including payment surety for  future
       oil  exports,  the  repayment  of  outstanding  receivables  and   the
       preservation of  current  contract  economics which  are  a  key  step
       towards the resumption of Kurdistan  oil exports. As such, the  timing
       of the reopening of the ITP and payment mechanism remain uncertain.

   The Directors believe an  agreement will ultimately  be reached to  reopen
   the ITP, and  reasonably expect that  overdue balances will  be paid,  and
   that receipts from the KRG will return to a more regular basis. However, a
   reduction in local sales or reopening  of the pipeline with a deferral  of
   revenue receipts could result in  liquidity pressures within the  12-month
   going concern period.

   The Directors have considered sensitivities, including local sales volumes
   and potential delays  in KRG  revenue receipts  once the  ITP reopens,  to
   assess the impact on the Group’s liquidity position and believe sufficient
   mitigating actions  are available  to withstand  such impacts  within  the
   12-month going  concern  period. Specifically,  the  Directors  considered
   stress tests that included  no further local sales  that could arise  from
   constrained local demand or a prolonged disruption to operations,  delayed
   KRG revenue  receipts  once  the  ITP  reopens  and  confirmed  that  cost
   reduction opportunities exist  to ensure  that the Group  can continue  to
   discharge its liabilities for a period of at least 12 months.

   As explained  in  note  13,  although the  Group  has  recognised  current
   liabilities of around $84 million payable  to the KRG, it does not  expect
   these will be cash settled.

   Overall, the  Group’s forecasts  which include  the $25  million  dividend
   declared on 27 August 2025, and taking into account the applicable  risks,
   stress test scenarios and potential  mitigating actions, show that it  has
   sufficient financial resources for the 12 months from the date of approval
   of these interim financial statements.

   Based  on  the  analysis  performed,  the  Directors  have  a   reasonable
   expectation that the Group has  adequate resources to continue to  operate
   for the foreseeable future. Thus, the going concern basis of accounting is
   used to prepare these interim financial statements.

   Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

   In the application of the  accounting policies described above, the  Group
   is required  to  make  judgements, estimates  and  assumptions  about  the
   carrying amounts of assets and  liabilities that are not readily  apparent
   from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based  on
   historical  experience  and  other  factors  that  are  considered  to  be
   relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

   The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.
   Revisions to accounting estimates  are recognised in  the period in  which
   the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the
   period of revision and future periods if the revision affects both current
   and future periods.

   Critical judgements in applying the Group’s accounting policies

   The following  are the  critical judgements,  apart from  those  involving
   estimations (which  are presented  separately below),  that the  Directors
   have made in the process of  applying the Group’s accounting policies  and
   that have  the  most  significant  effect on  the  amounts  recognised  in
   financial statements

   Production sharing contract  entitlement: Revenue,  trade receivables  and
   capacity building payments

   The recognition of revenue, particularly  the recognition of revenue  from
   pipeline exports,  is considered  to be  a key  accounting judgement.  The
   Group began commercial production from the Shaikan Field in July 2013  and
   historically made sales to both the domestic and export markets. The Group
   considers that revenue can be reliably measured as it passes the  delivery
   point into the export pipeline or truck, in the period all revenue was  to
   the local market via trucking.  The critical accounting judgement  applied
   in preparing  the  financial  statements  is that  it  is  appropriate  to
   continue to recognise trade  receivables due from  the KRG for  deliveries
   from 1 October  2022 to  25 March 2023  based on  an alternative  proposed
   pricing  mechanism,  notwithstanding  that  there  is  no  signed  lifting
   agreement for  that period  and the  pricing mechanism  has not  yet  been
   agreed. In making this judgement, consideration was given to the fact that
   the Group received payment for September 2022 deliveries at an amount that
   was consistent with the  proposed pricing terms;  no further receipts  for
   the period of pipeline exports from 1  October 2022 to 25 March 2023  have
   been received. No adjustments  were made in the  period in respect of  the
   above as revenue was earned via local sales, with no agreement yet reached
   in respect of the export period mentioned above.

   Any future  agreements between  the Group  and the  KRG might  change  the
   amounts of revenue recognised.

   During past  production sharing  contract  (“PSC”) negotiations  with  the
   Ministry of Natural Resources (“MNR”), it was tentatively agreed that  the
   Shaikan Contractor would provide the KRG a 20% carried working interest in
   the PSC. This would result in  a reduction of GKP’s working interest  from
   80% to 61.5%. To compensate for such decrease, capacity building  payments
   expense would be reduced to 20% of profit petroleum. While the PSC has not
   been formally amended, it  was agreed that GKP  would invoice the KRG  for
   oil sales  based on  the proposed  revised terms  from October  2017.  The
   financial statements  reflect the  proposed  revised working  interest  of
   61.5%. Relative to  the PSC  terms, the proposed  revised invoicing  terms
   result in a decrease in both revenue and cost of sales and on a net  basis
   are slightly positive for the Group.

   As part  of earlier  PSC negotiations,  on  16 March  2016, GKP  signed  a
   bilateral  agreement  with  the  MNR  (the  “Bilateral  Agreement”).   The
   Bilateral Agreement included a reduction in the Group’s capacity  building
   payment from 40%  to 30% of  profit petroleum. Subsequent  to signing  the
   Bilateral  Agreement,  further  negotiations  resulted  in  the   capacity
   building payment rate being reduced from 30% to 20%, which has formed  the
   basis for  all  oil sales  invoices  to date  as  noted above.  Since  PSC
   negotiations have not been finalised, GKP has included a non-cash  payable
   for the difference  between the  capacity building  rate of  20% and  30%,
   which is recognised in cost of sales  and other payables. See note 13  for
   further details.

   The Group expects to confirm with the MNR whether to proceed with a formal
   amendment to the PSC to reflect current invoice terms.

   Material sources of estimation uncertainty

   The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of
   estimation uncertainty at the reporting period that may have a significant
   risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets
   and liabilities within the next financial year, are discussed below.

   Expected credit loss (“ECL”)

   The recoverability  of  receivables is  a  key accounting  judgement.  The
   difference between the nominal value of receivables and the expected value
   of receivables after allowing for  counterparty default risk is the  basis
   for the ECL. This ECL is offset against current and non-current receivable
   amounts as appropriate  within the balance  sheet with the  change in  the
   receivable balance during the period recognised in the income statement.

   In making this judgement, a weighted average has been applied to  modelled
   receipt profiles, upon  which a  counterparty default  allowance has  been
   applied to derive the ECL. When modelling receipt profiles management have
   made a number of  key estimates that are  dependent upon uncertain  future
   events including:  the KRG’s  deemed credit  rating, the  export  pipeline
   reopening date, that the unrecovered cost pool is depleted on a cash basis
   as invoices for crude sales are paid and can be recovered through local or
   export sales, estimated timeline of cost oil and profit oil recoveries via
   commercial terms which have not yet  been agreed with the KRG, future  oil
   price including an estimate  of both local and  export prices, future  oil
   production, a  potential  commercial settlement  with  the KRG  which  may
   include an agreement on the settlement mechanism of receivable balances on
   terms not yet agreed, and the probabilities allocated to various scenarios
   incorporating the aforementioned variables.  Management has estimated  the
   KRG’s probability of default based on credit default swap ratings  (“CDS”)
   applicable to sovereign nations with  similar characteristics to the  KRG.
   Material sensitivities of the ECL to discrete variables are summarised  in
   note 12.

   Decommissioning provision

   Decommissioning provisions are  estimated based upon  the obligations  and
   costs to be incurred in accordance with  the PSC at the end of field  life
   in 2043.  There is  uncertainty  in the  decommissioning estimate  due  to
   factors including potential changes to  the cost of activities,  potential
   emergence of new techniques or changes to best practice. The basis for the
   updated estimate of the current value of obligations and costs at 30  June
   2025 was prepared  internally. An  independent third-party  review of  the
   obligations and  costs to  decommission the  asset was  undertaken by  ERC
   Equipoise as at 31 December 2023, which closely aligned with the  internal
   estimate at  the time;  this  estimate formed  the  basis of  the  updated
   estimate of the current value of obligations and costs as at 30 June 2025.

   Management have increased the decommissioning costs as at 30 June 2025, by
   estimated compound interest rates to future  value in 2043 and reduced  to
   present value by  an estimated  discount rate, there  is also  uncertainty
   regarding the inflation and discount rates used.

   Carrying value of producing assets

   In line  with  the Group’s  accounting  policy on  impairment,  management
   performs an impairment review of the  Group’s oil and gas assets at  least
   annually with reference to indicators as set out in IAS 36 ‘Impairment  of
   Assets’. The Group assesses its group of assets, called a  cash-generating
   unit (“CGU”),  for  impairment,  if events  or  changes  in  circumstances
   indicate that the  carrying amount  of an  asset may  not be  recoverable.
   Where indicators are present, management calculates the recoverable amount
   using key  estimates  such  as future  oil  prices,  estimated  production
   volumes, the cost of development  and production, post-tax discount  rates
   that reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money  and
   risks specific to the  asset, commercial reserves  and inflation. The  key
   assumptions are  subject to  change based  on market  trends and  economic
   conditions. Where the CGU’s recoverable amount is lower than the  carrying
   amount, the  CGU  is  considered  impaired and  is  written  down  to  its
   recoverable amount.

   The Group’s sole CGU at 30 June 2025 was the Shaikan Field with a carrying
   value,  being  Oil  and   Gas  assets  less  capitalised   decommissioning
   provision, of $324.9 million (31 December 2024: $348.9 million). The Group
   performed an  impairment  indicator evaluation  as  at 30  June  2025  and
   concluded that no impairment indicators arose. The key areas of estimation
   in assessing the potential impairment indicators are as follows:

     • While the  date  of  the  re-opening of  the  ITP  remains  uncertain,
       management have assessed  a re-opening  date of August  2026 as  being
       reasonable. Although the estimated re-opening date is ten months later
       than  the  base  case  assessment  at  31  December  2024,  management
       previously  performed  sensitivities  of  up  to  two  years  with  no
       impairment, therefore this delay to  the projected re-opening was  not
       assessed to be an impairment trigger;
     • The Group’s netback oil  price applied only  to export pipeline  sales
       was  based  on  the  Brent  forward  curve  and  market  participants’
       consensus,  including   banks,  analysts   and  independent   reserves
       evaluators, as  at  30 June  2025  for the  years  2025 to  2030  with
       inflation of 2.5% per annum thereafter, less transportation costs  and
       quality adjustments. Brent consensus prices are as follows:

    

   Scenario ($/bbl – nominal)     2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
   30 June 2025 – base case       66.0 65.0 70.0 71.0 70.0 80.0
   30 June 2025 – stress case     59.4 58.5 63.0 63.9 63.0 72.0
   31 December 2024 – base case   74.0 72.0 74.0 75.0 73.0 80.0
   31 December 2024 – stress case 66.6 64.8 66.6 67.5 65.7 72.0

    

     • Management have  previously  applied  sensitivities  including  a  10%
       reduction from base case pricing to derive a stress case price with no
       impairment impact. The stress case pricing is noted above;
     • Discount rates are adjusted to  reflect risks specific to the  Shaikan
       Field and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Management assessed changes to
       the key variables  that could  impact discount rate  and concluded  no
       change was necessary. The post-tax nominal discount rate was estimated
       to be 16%, unchanged from 31 December 2024;
     • Operating costs and capital expenditure are based on financial budgets
       and  internal  management  forecasts.  Costs  assumptions  incorporate
       management experience  and expectations,  as well  as the  nature  and
       location of the  operation and the  risks associated therewith.  There
       were no  indicators  that costs  will  increase in  comparison  to  31
       December 2024 impairment assessment;
     • No adverse changes were noted  for commercial reserves and  production
       profiles;
     • No changes  were noted  in  the operating  environment such  as  local
       market conditions in the period (although please see Going concern  on
       events that  occurred  after  period  end),  tax  or  other  legal  or
       regulatory changes.  Following the  judgment issued  by the  Iraqi  Al
       Kharkh (Commercial) Court on 18 December 2024 which declared that  the
       Shaikan PSC was  valid and enforceable,  the Company was  subsequently
       informed on 27 February 2025 that Iraqi Ministry of Oil had applied to
       the Cassation (Appeal) Court for a procedure known as a  ‘Correction’.
       However, this application was denied by the Court and the decision  is
       considered final.  Although this  ruling by  the Al  Kharkh Court  has
       decreased the risk of  challenge to the validity  of the Shaikan  PSC,
       the Company has maintained  its overall risk  estimates in respect  of
       its operating environment, albeit the  PSC validity risk has  lowered.
       There has been no  change to the status  of the Iraqi Federal  Supreme
       Court ruling from February  2022 which stated  that the Kurdistan  Oil
       and Gas Law was unconstitutional; and
     • The Group continues to develop its assessment of the potential impacts
       of climate change  and the  associated risks  of the  transition to  a
       low‑carbon future.  Our ambition  to  reduce Scope  1 per  barrel  CO2
       emissions intensity by at least 50% versus the original 2020  baseline
       of 38 kgCO2e  per barrel is  dependent on the  timing of sanction  and
       implementation of the  Gas Management Plan.  The International  Energy
       Agency’s (“IEA”) most  recent Announced Pledges  Scenario (“APS”)  and
       Net Zero  Emissions (“NZE”)  climate scenario  oil prices  and  carbon
       taxes were  used to  evaluate the  potential impact  of the  principal
       climate  change  transition  risks.  The  APS  scenario  assumes  that
       governments will meet, in full and on time, all of the climate‑related
       commitments that they have announced,  including longer term net  zero
       emissions targets and pledges  in Nationally Determined  Contributions
       to reduce  national emissions  and  adapt to  the impacts  of  climate
       change leading to  a global  temperature rise  of 1.7°C  in 2100.  NZE
       scenario portrays a pathway for the global energy sector to reach  net
       zero CO2 emissions by 2050 which is consistent with limiting long-term
       global  warming  to  1.5  °C  with  limited  overshoot.  The   assumed
       re-opening date is  August 2026, which  is ten months  later than  the
       base case  assessment  at  31  December 2024,  which  had  a  pipeline
       reopening date of October 2025 whereby management previously performed
       sensitivities of up to  two years. There was  no impairment under  the
       APS scenario, but a potential impairment under the NZE scenario. While
       the IEA oil price assumptions  incorporate carbon prices, the IEA  has
       not disclosed  the  assumed average  carbon  intensity per  barrel  of
       production. Therefore,  at  31 December  2024  the Group  performed  a
       sensitivity to  conservatively  include  IEA  carbon  pricing  on  all
       production which results in no impairment under the APS scenario,  but
       a potential impairment under the NZE scenario.

    

   3. Geographical information

    

   The Chief  Operating Decision  Maker,  as per  the  definition in  IFRS  8
   ‘Operating Segments’,  is considered  to be  the Board  of Directors.  The
   Group operates  in a  single segment,  that of  oil and  gas  exploration,
   development  and  production,  in  a  single  geographical  location,  the
   Kurdistan Region of  Iraq (“KRI”); 100%  (31 December 2024:  100%) of  the
   group’s non-current  assets,  excluding  deferred  tax  assets  and  other
   financial assets, are located in the KRI. The financial information of the
   single segment  is  materially  the  same as  set  out  in  the  condensed
   consolidated primary statements and the related notes.

    

   4. Revenue

    

                                   Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                        ended        ended 31 December

                                 30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                                    Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited
                                        $’000        $’000       $’000
   Oil sales via export pipeline            -            -           -
   Local oil sales                     83,144       71,186     151,208
                                       83,144       71,186     151,208

    

   The Group accounting policy for revenue recognition is set out in its 2024
   Annual Report, with revenue recognised upon crude oil passing the delivery
   points, either being entry into pipeline or delivered into trucks.

    

   Throughout the period, GKP sold oil to local buyers at negotiated  prices.
   The weighted average realised price achieved in the six-month period to 30
   June 2025 was $27.8/bbl  (H1 2024: $26.3/bbl;  FY 2024: $26.8/bbl).  Local
   buyers are  contracted to  pay GKP  in  advance of  receipt of  oil;  such
   amounts are recognised as deferred income (see note 13) until a customer’s
   receipt of oil at the delivery point.

    

   Information about major customers

   Customers making up greater than 10% of revenue are as follows:

                Six months   Six months  Year ended

                     ended        ended 31 December

              30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                 Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited
                     $’000        $’000       $’000
   Customer A          65%          86%         88%
   Customer B          23%          14%        <10%
   Customer C          12%           0%        <10%

    

   5. Cost of Sales

    

                                          Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                               ended        ended 31 December

                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                                           Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited
                                               $’000        $’000       $’000
   Operating costs                            26,893       23,917      52,435
   Capacity building payments                  5,885        5,131      10,818
   Changes in oil inventory value              (198)           98       (168)
   Depreciation of oil and gas assets         41,219       36,529      75,781
   and operational assets
   Reversal of provision against             (2,627)            -           -
   inventory held for sale
                                              71,172       65,675     138,866

    

   Capacity building  payments have  been  recorded in  line with  the  MNR’s
   proposed pricing  mechanism  (see  2024  Annual  Report);  any  difference
   between the  proposed and  final pricing  mechanism will  be reflected  in
   future periods.

    

   The Group accounting policy for depreciation of oil and gas assets is  set
   out in its  2024 Annual  Report. The increase  in charge  compared to  the
   corresponding period in 2024 is principally derived from higher production
   in the six-month period ended 30 June 2025.

    

   During the six-month period  ended 30 June  2025, inventory formerly  held
   for sale was reassessed  to no longer  be held for  sale. Whilst held  for
   sale this inventory was provided against, upon reassessment this provision
   has been reversed  resulting in a  gain of $2.6m  in the six-month  period
   ended 30 June 2025 (H1 2024:  nil; FY 2024: nil). Following this  reversal
   in the six-month period ended 30  June 2025, these items were  capitalised
   as an addition to oil and gas assets (see note 10).

    

   6. Other general and administrative expenses

                                          Six months               Year ended

                                               ended  Six months  31 December
                                                            ended
                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024
                                                        Unaudited
                                           Unaudited        $’000     Audited

                                               $’000                    $’000
   Depreciation and amortisation               1,233        1,690       3,033
   Other general and administrative            3,360        3,702       8,379
   costs
                                               4,593        5,392      11,412

    

   7. Share option related expense

                                          Six months               Year ended

                                               ended   Six months 31 December
                                                            ended
                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024
                                                        Unaudited
                                           Unaudited        $’000     Audited

                                               $’000                    $’000
   Share-based payment expense                 1,984        1,337       3,472
   Payments related to share options           2,058          741         704
   exercised
   Share-based payment/(credit) related          393         (23)         243
   provision for taxes
                                               4,435        2,055       4,419

    

   During the six-month period ending  30 June 2025, share options  exercised
   relate to options vesting in the period under both the Deferred Bonus Plan
   and the Long Term Incentive Plan. Further details relating to these  plans
   are set out  in the  2024 Annual  Report. The  Company’s Employee  Benefit
   Trust settled employee share option exercises from shares purchased during
   the period (see note 14).

    

   8. Earnings per share

    

   The calculation of the basic and diluted profit per share is based on the
   following data:

    

                                     Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                          ended        ended 31 December

                                   30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                                      Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited
   (Loss)/profit after tax ($’000)      (7,214)          442       7,158

    

   Number of shares (‘000s):                                               
   Basic weighted average number of ordinary shares 217,500 222,188 219,562
   Basic (loss)/earnings per share (cents)           (3.32)    0.20    3.26

    

   The Group followed the steps specified  by IAS 33 ‘Earnings per share’  in
   determining  whether   outstanding   share   options   are   dilutive   or
   anti-dilutive.

   Reconciliation of dilutive shares:

                                          Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                               ended        ended 31 December

                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                                           Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited
   Number of shares (‘000s):                                                 
   Basic weighted average number of          217,500      222,188     219,562
   ordinary shares
   Effect of dilutive potential                    -        5,906       9,134
   ordinary shares
   Diluted number of ordinary shares         217,500      228,094     228,696
   outstanding
   Diluted (loss)/earnings per share          (3.32)         0.19        3.13
   (cents) (1)

    

    1. As at 30 June 2025, the Group had 9,989k antidilutive (H1 2024: 5,906k
       dilutive;  FY  2024:  9,134  dilutive)  ordinary  shares  relating  to
       outstanding share options.  Earnings per  share is  calculated on  the
       assumption of conversion of all potentially dilutive ordinary  shares;
       however, during a period where  a company makes a loss,  anti-dilutive
       shares are not  included in  the loss  per share  calculation as  they
       would reduce the reported loss per share.

    

   The weighted average number  of ordinary shares  in issue excludes  shares
   held by Employee  Benefit Trustee (“EBT”)  of 0.2 million,  (H1 2024:  0.2
   million; FY 2024: 0.1 million) see note 14.

    

   9. Reconciliation of loss from operations to net cash generated in
   operating activities

    

                                          Six months   Six months  Year ended

                                               ended        ended 31 December

                                        30 June 2025 30 June 2024        2024

                                           Unaudited    Unaudited     Audited

                                               $’000        $’000       $’000
                                                                             
   (Loss)/profit from operations             (5,967)        (260)       4,702
                                                                             
   Adjustments for:                                                          
   Depreciation, depletion and
   amortisation of property, plant and        41,651       37,008      76,752
   equipment (including the right of
   use assets)
   Amortisation of intangible assets             801        1,211       1,980
   Share-based payment expense                 1,984        1,337       3,472
   Increase/(decrease) of provision for        8,911      (1,676)     (8,191)
   impairment of trade receivables
   (Reversal of provision)/provision         (2,627)            -          34
   against inventory held for sale
   Operating cash flows before                44,753       37,620      78,749
   movements in working capital
   Increase in inventories                     (714)         (18)          49
   (Increase)/decrease in trade and             (27)        1,042     (1,290)
   other receivables
   (Decrease)/increase in trade and          (6,841)        2,144      11,919
   other payables
   Cash generated from operations             37,171       40,788      89,427

    

   10. Property, plant and equipment

    

                              Oil and Gas Fixtures and Right of use          

                                   Assets    Equipment       Assets     Total

                                    $’000        $’000        $’000     $’000
   Year ended 31 December                                                    
   2024
   Opening net book value         443,393        2,066          383   445,842
   Additions                       18,252          284        1,559    20,095
   Disposals’ costs                     -            -      (2,040)   (2,040)
   Revision to                      (693)            -            -     (693)
   decommissioning asset
   Depreciation charge           (75,781)        (576)        (394)  (76,751)
   Disposals’ depreciation              -            -        2,004     2,004
   Foreign currency                     -          (1)          (6)       (7)
   translation differences
   Closing net book value         385,171        1,773        1,506   388,450
                                                                             
   Cost                         1,010,429        9,687        1,701 1,021,817
   Accumulated depreciation     (625,258)      (7,914)        (195) (633,367)
   Net book value at 31           385,171        1,773        1,506   388,450
   December 2024
                                                                             
   Period ended 30 June 2025                                                 
   Opening net book value         385,171        1,773        1,506   388,450
   Additions                       18,055          143            -    18,198
   Revision to                        459            -            -       459
   decommissioning asset
   Depreciation charge           (41,219)        (273)        (159)  (41,651)
   Foreign currency                     -            6          130       136
   translation differences
   Closing net book value         362,466        1,649        1,477   365,592
                                                                             
   At 30 June 2025                                                           
   Cost                         1,028,943        9,836        1,831 1,040,610
   Accumulated depreciation     (666,477)      (8,187)        (354) (675,018)
   Net book value                 362,466        1,649        1,477   365,592

    

   The additions to the Shaikan asset, amounting to $18.1 million during  the
   six-month period  ended 30  June  2025 (FY  2024: 18.3  million)  included
   safety critical  upgrades, the  purchase of  jet pumps  as well  as  items
   purchased and paid  for in 2022  and 2023 and  subsequently classified  as
   impaired inventory held for sale (see note 5). Upon delisting as held  for
   sale, the items were capitalised as oil and gas assets at their unimpaired
   value of $5.4 million (2024: not applicable).

   The $0.5 million increase (2024: $0.7 million decrease) in decommissioning
   asset value relates to a $0.1 million increase in changes to inflation and
   discount rates (2024: $1.1 million  decrease), in addition to an  increase
   of $0.4 million relating to facilities work (2024: $0.4 million).

    

   11. Inventories

                                               31 December
                                  30 June 2025
                                                      2024
                                     Unaudited
                                                   Audited
                                         $’000
                                                     $’000
   Warehouse stocks and materials        7,345       6,829
   Inventory held for sale                   -       2,789
   Crude oil                               432         234
                                         7,777       9,852

    

   In the six-month  period ended  30 June 2025,  management determined  that
   inventory previously impaired and held for sale, was no longer being  held
   for sale. Impairments of $2.6 million  recognised within Cost of sales  in
   prior periods were  reversed in the  six-month period ended  30 June  2025
   (see note 5) and the unimpaired  $5.4 million was included as an  addition
   within Oil and gas assets as at 30 June 2025 (see note 10).

    

   12. Trade and other receivables

   Non-current receivables

    

                                                31 December
                                   30 June 2025
                                                       2024
                                      Unaudited
                                                    Audited
                                          $’000
                                                      $’000
   Trade receivables – non-current      120,902     138,175

    

   Current receivables

    

                                               31 December
                                  30 June 2025
                                                      2024
                                     Unaudited
                                                   Audited
                                         $’000
                                                     $’000
   Trade receivables - current          24,946      16,583
   Underlift                               436           -
   Other receivables                     7,172       7,291
   Prepayments and accrued income        2,542       2,905
   Total current receivables            35,096      26,779
   Total receivables                   155,998     164,954

    

   Reconciliation of trade receivables

    

                                                                  31 December
                                                     30 June 2025
                                                                         2024
                                                        Unaudited
                                                                      Audited
                                                            $’000
                                                                        $’000
   Gross carrying amount relating to export sales         171,026     171,026
   Less: impairment allowance relating to export         (25,178)    (16,267)
   sales
   Carrying value relating to export sales at end of      145,848     154,759
   period
   Trade receivables relating to local oil sales            1,310           -
   Total carrying value of trade receivables              147,158     154,759

    

   Gross trade receivables relating to export sales of $171.0 million  (2024:
   $171.0  million)  are  comprised  of  invoiced  amounts  due,  based  upon
   Kurdistan blend  (“KBT”)  pricing,  from  the  KRG  for  crude  oil  sales
   totalling $158.8 million (2024: $158.8 million) related to October 2022  –
   March 2023  and a  share of  Shaikan amounts  due from  the KRG  that  GKP
   purchased from Kalegran B.V. (a subsidiary of MOL Group) (“MOL”) amounting
   to $12.2 million (2024: $12.2 million). Although no legal right of  offset
   exists, the net balance due from  the KRG comprises $158.8 million  (2024:
   $158.8 million) included in trade receivables and $7.7 million (2024: $7.7
   million) included within current liabilities (see note 13), resulting in a
   net receivable balance  due from the  KRG relating to  crude oil sales  of
   $151.1 million (2024: $151.1 million).

    

   As detailed in the Summary of material accounting policies section  within
   the 2024 Annual Report, entitlement has two components: cost oil, which is
   the mechanism by which the Company recovers its costs incurred, and profit
   oil, which is the mechanism through  which profits are shared between  the
   Company, its partner MOL and  the KRG. The outstanding receivable  balance
   of $151.1  million above,  comprises  $120.4 million  cost oil  and  $30.7
   million profit oil (2024: $151.1 million, $120.4 million and $30.7 million
   respectively) (net of Capacity Building Payment).

    

   Impairment allowance relating to export sales (ECL)

   While GKP expects to  recover the full value  of the outstanding  invoices
   and purchased  revenue  arrears, an  ECL  of $25.2  million  (2024:  $16.3
   million) was provided against the trade receivables balance in  accordance
   with IFRS 9  ‘Financial Instruments’.  During the six-month  period to  30
   June 2025, an $8.9  million charge was recognised  due to the increase  in
   the ECL provision  (H1 2024: $1.7  million credit; FY  2024: $8.2  million
   credit) arising from  the delayed  estimated pipeline  reopening date  and
   updated commercial assumptions applied compared to the prior year.

    

   Negotiations are ongoing with the MNR on the wider commercial  settlement,
   including the timing and  mechanism for settling outstanding  receivables.
   As a result of the ongoing discussions there is uncertainty on the balance
   of the unrecovered cost pool and therefore when the Contractor expects  to
   start to recover the receivable balance which underpins the ECL  estimate.
   As reported in the 2024 Annual  Report, the Company had expected to  start
   recovering cost oil balances within receivables in the first half of 2025,
   however the  Company  now  expects the  Contractor  to  effectively  begin
   recovering the cost  oil component  of the trade  receivables balance  due
   from the KRG in the second half of 2025 via the settlement of invoices due
   from the point that the outstanding cost pool balance declines to a  level
   at or  below  the trade  receivable  balance.  It is  expected  that  upon
   conclusion of commercial negotiations, cash received in line with  current
   entitlements  would  be  offset  against  the  overdue  trade  receivables
   balance. This  is  incorporated  into  the  ECL  scenario  modelling  (see
   Material  sources  of  estimation  uncertainty  section  included  above).
   Following the  export  pipeline  reopening  the  remaining  overdue  trade
   receivables are expected to be recovered  from the KRG including both  the
   outstanding cost oil balance at that time and the full profit oil  balance
   referenced above.

    

   The outstanding sales invoices from  October 2022 – March 2023  receivable
   have been recognised based on the MNR’s proposed pricing mechanism,  which
   GKP has not accepted (see  Critical accounting judgements and key  sources
   of estimation uncertainty section included above)).

    

   ECL sensitivities

   Considering the variables listed within the Summary of material accounting
   policies, the only  variables with  a significant impact  upon the  profit
   before tax, when varied reasonably, are the estimation of the KRG's credit
   rating for which no official market data exists, the estimated date of the
   re-opening of  the  ITP  and  the probability  of  reaching  a  commercial
   settlement.

    

   For the  purpose  of GKP’s  ECL  calculation,  the KRG's  deemed  CDS  was
   estimated to be 4.43%. An increase of the CDS of 2% would increase the ECL
   provision by $7.4 million;  conversely a decrease of  the CDS by 2%  would
   decrease the  ECL  provision by  $7.6  million. Doubling  or  halving  the
   probability  of  the   modelled  commercial  settlement,   in  which   the
   receivables are  recovered  via  future production  would  cause  the  ECL
   provision to increase by $6.7  million or decrease by $3.2m  respectively.
   GKP estimates that  re-opening of ITP  will occur in  August 2026,  should
   this be delayed by 12 months there would be a $6.3 million increase in the
   ECL provision.

    

   All other  variables  listed within  the  Summary of  material  accounting
   policies, when  individually  reasonably varied  do  not have  a  material
   impact upon ECL valuation.

    

   13. Trade and other payables

    

   Current liabilities

                                                          30 June 31 December

                                                             2025        2024
    
                                                        Unaudited     Audited

                                                            $’000       $’000
   Trade payables                                           2,304       1,746
   Accrued expenditures                                    12,988      22,228
   Amounts due to KRG not expected to be cash settled      83,722      80,905
   Capacity building payment due to KRG on trade            7,687       7,687
   receivables
   Other payables                                           3,090       4,080
   Finance lease obligations                                  432         395
   Overlift                                                     -         236
   Total current liabilities                              110,223     117,277

    

   Trade payables  and  accrued  expenditures  principally  comprise  amounts
   outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs; the Directors  consider
   that carrying amounts  approximate fair value.  Accrued expenditures  have
   decreased due to  payment of  operational invoices  and other  expenditure
   which became due in the six-month  period ended 30 June 2025, having  been
   accrued at 2024 year end.

    

   Amounts due to the KRG  not expected to be  cash settled of $83.7  million
   (2024: $80.9 million) include:

     • $40.9 million (2024: $40.1 million) expected to be offset against  oil
       sales to the KRG  up to 2018, together  with other amounts  considered
       due from  the KRG,  that have  not been  recognised in  the  financial
       statements as  management  consider  that  the  criteria  for  revenue
       recognition have not been satisfied, and
     • $42.8 million  (2024: $40.8  million) related  to an  accrual for  the
       difference between  the capacity  building  rate of  20%, as  per  the
       invoicing basis in effect since October 2017, and 30% as per the  2016
       Bilateral Agreement.  The working  interest under  the 2016  bilateral
       agreement is  80%  whereas  the  invoicing  basis  is  61.5%.  If  the
       commercial position were to revert to  the full terms of the  executed
       amended PSC  and the  2016 Bilateral  Agreement, the  Group would  not
       expect to cash settle this balance as a more than offsetting  increase
       in GKP’s net entitlement is expected to result in revenue being due to
       GKP (see Critical accounting judgements and key sources of  estimation
       uncertainty section included above), the value of which is expected to
       exceed the accrued $42.8 million.

    

   Deferred income

    

   At 30 June  2025, deferred  income of  $0.8 million  (2024: $0.7  million)
   relates to cash advances  paid by local oil  buyers in advance of  lifting
   oil (see note 4).

    

   Non-current liabilities

                                         30 June 31 December

                                            2025        2024
    
                                       Unaudited     Audited

                                           $’000       $’000
   Non-current finance lease liability     1,080       1,112

    

   14. Share capital

    

                                             Common shares
                           No. of shares         Share Share premium   Amount
                                               capital
                                     000         $’000         $’000    $’000
   Issued and fully paid                                                     
   Balance 1 January 2025        217,005       217,005       463,985  680,990
   (audited)
   Dividends                           -             -      (24,880) (24,880)
   Balance 30 June 2025          217,005       217,005       439,105  656,110
   (unaudited)

    

   During the  six-month  period  ended  30  June  2025,  the  Company’s  EBT
   purchased 1.6 million  shares of  the Company for  future satisfaction  of
   employee share  options for  a total  consideration of  $4.0 million  that
   originated from the  Company. Subsequently  1.4 million  of these  shares,
   with a value  of $3.5  million, were  used to  satisfy exercised  employee
   share options. At  period end  0.2 million shares,  with a  value of  $0.5
   million, were retained within the EBT.

    

   15. Contingent liabilities

    

   During the six-month period ended 30 June 2025, the Company has  continued
   negotiations with  the  MNR  around a  number  of  outstanding  commercial
   matters (including the sale of test production oil mentioned below),  with
   the aim  of agreeing  a formal  amendment to  the PSC  to reflect  current
   invoicing terms.

   The Group has a contingent liability  of $27.3 million (31 December  2024:
   $27.3 million)  in  relation  to  the  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  test
   production oil prior to the approval of the Shaikan Field Development Plan
   (“FDP”) in June 2013. If  a cash outflow to the  MNR were required in  the
   future, this would result in  a corresponding increase to the  unrecovered
   cost pool as the test production revenue is recorded as a reduction of the
   cost pool by  $34 million gross  to the Contractor  ($27.3 million net  to
   GKP) in the Group’s cost Recovery submissions to the MNR.

    

   The above negotiations may lead to a revision to the unrecovered cost pool
   impacting future  revenues,  the  settlement  of  previously  unrecognised
   assets  and  liabilities,  netting  of  existing  receivable  and  payable
   balances, or require  material adjustments  to such balances  as they  are
   currently recorded.  Due to  the  uncertain and  wide range  of  potential
   financial  outcomes  that  cannot  presently  be  reliably  estimated,  no
   provision for  such asset  or  liability has  been recognised  within  the
   financial statements.

    

   16. Subsequent Events

    

   On 26  August 2025,  the Group  entered into  a contractual  agreement  to
   install water handling facilities at  PF-2 which are expected to  increase
   future gross production  over the  anticipated field  baseline. The  costs
   during construction phase are estimated  at approximately $12 million  net
   to GKP in the period up to the anticipated commissioning at the  beginning
   of 2027. Once the water  handling facilities have been commissioned,  they
   will be operated under a lease agreement and expected to generate positive
   cash flows thereafter.  The financial  effect of this  commitment will  be
   reflected in future periods.  No adjustment has been  made to the 30  June
   2025 financial statements.

   On 27  August  2025, the  Company  declared  an interim  dividend  of  $25
   million.

    

   GLOSSARY (See also the glossary in the 2024 Annual Report and Accounts)

   H1 2024            First half of Financial Year 2024
   H1 2025            First half of Financial Year 2025
   APS                Announced pledges scenario
   bbl                Barrel
   bopd               Barrels of oil per day
   Capex              Capital expenditure
   CBP                Capacity building payment
   CDS                Credit default swap
   CGU                Cash-generating unit
   Company            Gulf Keystone Petroleum Limited
   Cost Pool          Unrecovered cost oil balance
   DTR                Disclosure and Transparency Rules
   EBITDA             Earnings  before   interest,  tax,   depreciation   and
                      amortisation
   EBT                Employee Benefit Trust
   ECL                Expected credit loss
   FCA                Financial Conduct Authority
   FDP                Field Development Plan
   G&A                General and administrative
   FY                 Financial year
   GKP                Gulf Keystone Petroleum Limited
   Group              Gulf Keystone Petroleum Limited and its subsidiaries
   HSE                Health, safety and environment
   IAS                International Accounting Standards
   IEA                International Energy Agency
   IFRS               International Financial Reporting Standards
   IOC                International oil company
   ITP                Iraq-Türkiye pipeline
   KBT                Kurdistan blend
   KRG                Kurdistan Regional Government
   KRI                Kurdistan Region of Iraq
   LTI                Lost Time Incident
   LTIP               Long term incentive plan
   MMstb              Million stock tank barrels
   MNR                Ministry of Natural Resources of the Kurdistan Regional
                      Government
   MOL                Kalegran B.V. (a subsidiary of MOL Group)
   NZE                Net Zero Emissions
   Opex               Operating costs
   PF-1               Production Facility 1
   PF-2               Production Facility 2
   PSC                Production Sharing Contract
   Shaikan Contractor GKP and MOL
   Shaikan PSC        Shaikan Production Sharing Contract
   UKLA               United Kingdom Listing Authority
   $                  US dollars

                                        

    

    

    

    

   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

   Dissemination of a Regulatory Announcement, transmitted by EQS Group.
   The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

   ISIN:          BMG4209G2077
   Category Code: MSCM
   TIDM:          GKP
   LEI Code:      213800QTAQOSSTNTPO15
   Sequence No.:  400081
   EQS News ID:   2189714


    
   End of Announcement EQS News Service

   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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