REG - Castillo Copper Ltd - Update on BHA Project and Lithium Assets
14/01/2022 07:00
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RNS Number : 4137Y Castillo Copper Limited 14 January 2022
14 January 2022
CASTILLO COPPER LIMITED
("Castillo" or the "Company")
Update on BHA Project and Lithium Assets
Battery metal drill-hole assays unlock BHA East Zone potential
Castillo Copper Limited (LSE and ASX: CCZ), a base metal explorer primarily
focused on copper across Australia and Zambia, is pleased to announce it has
received a fresh geological report on the BHA Project's East Zone which
highlights significant exploration potential for cobalt-copper-zinc and
possibly lithium mineralisation. A key insight was multiple drill-hole assays
which delivered significant cobalt readings (refer to table A3-2).
Consequently, with a risk-reward trade-off to the upside from a 100%-owned
asset, the Board has decided to focus on developing the BHA Project and
dropped plans to pursue the acquisition of the Litchfield and Picasso lithium
assets.
Key Points
· A review on BHA's East Zone, acquired from Wyloo Metals(1) in 2020,
discovered numerous areas anomalous for cobalt-copper and zinc mineralisation
delineated from surface / down-hole assays:
o Notably, with assayed values ranging from >200ppm Co up to 9,500ppm Co
across 108 drill-holes(2) (proximal to the Himalaya Formation out-crop /
sub-crop) work on modelling a JORC 2012 compliant mineral resource is now
underway
o The region is well-known for its cobalt potential, as Cobalt Blue (ASX:
COB) has JORC 2012 compliant ore reserves of 118Mt @ 687ppm Co for 81,100t
contained metal(3)
· The Board is highly encouraged by the NSW government's new strategy,
which targets building a viable downstream industry for processing critical
minerals (including cobalt-copper-REE's) and establishing a global supply hub
in the state's central west region(4)
· With the BHA East Zone's exploration potential materially enhanced,
the Board has dropped plans to acquire additional lithium assets(5)
· Further, the Board will prioritise modelling a JORC 2012 compliant
resource at the Big One Deposit and further developing the graphite-base metal
discovery at the Arya Prospect
Simon Paull, Managing Director of Castillo Copper, commented: "A recent
geological review of the Broken Hill Alliance Project's East Zone uncovered
108 drill-holes yielding cobalt values >200ppm, with the highest being
9,500ppm. As a result, with the cobalt price now over US$70,000/t on the
London Metal Exchange, work on modelling a JORC compliant mineral resource is
now underway.
"Further, surface assays have enabled numerous zones anomalous for
cobalt-copper and separately zinc to be delineated that are proximal to the
Himalaya Formation out-crop and sub-crop. This is a timely discovery that
significantly enhances the Project's exploration potential for battery metals,
especially as it coincides with the NSW government launching its critical
minerals and high-tech metals strategy. As such, the Board has decided to no
longer pursue the acquisition of the Litchfield and Picasso lithium assets."
BHA PROJECT'S EAST ZONE - BATTERY METAL POTENTIAL
The review drilled down into all available information to determine the
battery mineral potential of the BHA Project's East Zone. Pleasingly,
analysing assayed surface and down-hole samples enabled numerous zones
anomalous for cobalt-copper-zinc mineralisation to be delineated that are
proximal with the Himalaya Formation outcrop or sub-crop under shallow
(<10m) cover. Further, several of the anomalous zones are proximal to shear
zones that trend NE/NNE across the tenure.
More significantly, there are 108 drill-holes with at least one 1m or 2m
assayed sample values >200ppm Co, with the highest up to 9,500ppm Co(2). As
there are sufficient data points, the geology team are now working on a
suitable geological model and estimating a mineral resource to the standard of
the JORC 2012 Code.
Within the East Zone, the primary geological target is the Thackaringa style
of cobalt mineralisation - this is constrained in or at the margin of the
Himalayan Formation.
Across the region, there are known cobalt deposits, with ASX: COB's JORC 2012
compliant ore reserve (118Mt @ 687ppm Co for 81,100t contained metal(3))
arguably one of the largest.
Analysing data for copper in surface rock-chips demonstrates there are several
prime anomalous zones, which like cobalt, appear to follow major shear
boundaries and trends.
Lithium potential
Within the tenure are numerous zones of pegmatites which have been confirmed
through field observations. Furthermore, there is scattered Sundowner Group
outcropping which is known to host pegmatites. However, while the pegmatites
are prospective for lithium mineralisation, comprehensive sampling work is
required to delineate any anomalous areas.
To jump start the process, the Board is considering accessing samples from
previous drilling - currently retained in the Geological Survey of NSW's core
libraries - and re-assaying for lithium and rare earth elements.
NSW GOVERNMENT CRITICAL MINERALS STRATEGY
The Board strongly supports the NSW governments recently launched Critical
Minerals and High-Tech Metals Strategy(4). The core objective is to evolve NSW
into a major global supplier and processor of critical minerals and high-tech
metals. A key feature is developing significant processing capacity on shore,
which is a significant move away from purely exporting raw materials, enabling
a high value-adding manufacturing industry to rapidly evolve.
The government intends to take a "coordinated approach across the critical
minerals supply chain, supporting the industry from early-stage exploration,
through to end uses in manufacturing and recycling."
This is a major policy shift and could result in a critical minerals hub being
established in the state's central west, which would have significant
multiplier benefits for numerous stakeholders (including the BHA Project)
along the supply chain. Most significantly, favourable government policy
should enhance the central west of NSW as an attractive place for minerals
investment.
OPTION AGREEMENT
The Board and companies, which hold the Litchfield and Picasso Lithium
Projects, have mutually agreed to unwind the Option Agreement. As part of the
break agreement terms, the A$50,000 deposit has been returned to CCZ(5).
Next steps
In Queensland, the priority is as follows:
o Assay results for the Arya Prospect; and
o Progress geological modelling and then a JORC 2012 compliant mineral
resource for the Big One Deposit.
In New South Wales, the priority is as follows:
o Commence geological modelling of a JORC 2012 compliant mineral resource
for the BHA Project's East Zone; and
o Formulate surface geophysical surveys then develop inaugural RC drilling
campaigns to test priority targets for cobalt-copper-zinc mineralisation.
In Zambia, the priority is to complete the Induced Polarisation survey for the
Mkushi Project and deliver the geophysicist consultant's review.
In addition to this release, a PDF version with supplementary information and
images can be found on the Company's website:
https://castillocopper.com/investors/announcements/
(https://castillocopper.com/investors/announcements/)
For further information, please contact:
Castillo Copper Limited +61 8 6558 0886
Simon Paull (Australia), Managing Director
Gerrard Hall (UK), Director
SI Capital Limited (Financial Adviser and Corporate Broker) +44 (0)1483 413500
Nick Emerson
Luther Pendragon (Financial PR) +44 (0)20 7618 9100
Harry Chathli, Alexis Gore
About Castillo Copper
Castillo Copper Limited is an Australian-based explorer primarily focused on
copper across Australia and Zambia. The group is embarking on a strategic
transformation to morph into a mid-tier copper group underpinned by its core
projects:
· A large footprint in the Mt Isa copper-belt district, north-west
Queensland, which delivers significant exploration upside through having
several high-grade targets and a sizeable untested anomaly within its
boundaries in a copper-rich region.
· Four high-quality prospective assets across Zambia's copper-belt
which is the second largest copper producer in Africa.
· A large tenure footprint proximal to Broken Hill's world-class
deposit that is prospective for zinc-silver-lead-copper-gold.
· Cangai Copper Mine in northern New South Wales, which is one of
Australia's highest grading historic copper mines.
The group is listed on the LSE and ASX under the ticker "CCZ."
References
1) CCZ ASX Release - 30 September 2020
2) Available at
https://www.resourcesandgeoscience.nsw.gov.au/miners-and-explorers/geoscience-information/geological-survey-of-nsw
o Leyh W.R., 1977 Progress Report on Farmcote Exploration Licenses 780 and
782, Farmcote Area, Broken Hill, NSW for the three months to 27 October 1978,
North Broken Hill Limited for the NSW Geological Survey, (GS1977-078)
o Leyh W.R., 1978 Progress Report on Exploration Licenses 1099 and 1100 for
the six months to 27 October 1978, North Broken Hill Limited for the NSW
Geological Survey, (GS1978-407)
o Groves I. & Plimer I. 2017. Broken Hill Pb-Zn-Ag deposit. pp641-646In:
Phillips N. ed. Australian Ore Deposits. Australasian Institute of Mining and
Metallurgy Monograph 32, 879pp.
o Fitzherbert J. A., 2018, A Mineral System Model for Broken Hill Type
Pb-Zn-Ag mineralisation In New South Wales, Geological Survey of New South
Wales, May 2018, GS 2018/0400
o Ford A., Partington G., Peters K., Greenfield J., Blevin P., Downes P.,
and Fitzherbert J., 2018, Zone54-Curnamona Province and Delamerian
3) COB ASX Release - 28 September 2021
(Annual Report 2021)
4) NSW government Critical Minerals
& High-Tech Metals Strategy (29 November 2021). Available at:
https://www.nsw.gov.au/criticalminerals
(https://www.nsw.gov.au/criticalminerals)
5) CCZ ASX Release - 29 September 2021
Competent Persons Statement
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results for "BHA
Project, East Zone" is based on information compiled or reviewed by Mr Mark
Biggs. Mr Biggs is a director of ROM Resources, a company which is a
shareholder of Castillo Copper Limited. ROM Resources provides ad hoc
geological consultancy services to Castillo Copper Limited. Mr Biggs is a
member of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (member #107188)
and has sufficient experience of relevance to the styles of mineralisation and
types of deposits under consideration, and to the activities undertaken, to
qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Joint Ore
Reserves Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration
Results, and Mineral Resources. Mr Biggs holds an AusIMM Online Course
Certificate in 2012 JORC Code Reporting. Mr Biggs also consents to the
inclusion in this report of the matters based on information in the form and
context in which it appears.
APPENDIX A: JORC CODE, 2012 EDITION - TABLE 1
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling techniques · Nature and quality of sampling (e.g., cut channels, random chips, or · Sampling used in this analysis was all historical from the period
specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the 1964-2018. This includes the 2016 and 2018 Squadron Resources soil sampling
minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF program. The data was a combination of the NSW Geological Survey surface
instruments, etc.). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad sampling database and historical annual and relinquishment reports revisited
meaning of sampling. and additional data extracted.
· Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity · Sampling was databased if it occurred inside the EL and in a 300m
and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. buffer surrounding the EL, to establish anomalous trend directions, if any
existed.
· Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to
the Public Report. · Nearly 4,594 sample analyses from stream sediment, soil, and rock
chip sources were collated and combined. Of these approximately 680 sample
· In cases where 'industry standard' work has been done this would be did not reside in the government database and had to be encoded or
relatively simple (e.g., 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m georeferenced from the source reports (12 in total).
samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30g charge for fire
assay'). In other cases, more explanation may be required, such as where there · Reference to these reports is given in the associated geology report
is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or (Biggs (2021a).
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed
information. · Many of the sampling programs, especially from the 1990's did include
reference samples and duplicate analyses and other forms of QA/QC checking.
· Sampling prior to 1988 generally has higher "below detection limits"
and less or no QA/QC checks.
Drilling techniques · Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary · Historical drilling consists of auger, rotary air blast, and diamond
air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple coring. In and around the tenure are 1,255 drillholes, however it should be
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, noted that the majority of these are <18m in depth, and the number of holes
whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc.). >12m number around 82, with 42 inside the tenure. Complete drilling
analyses results are in the process of being compiled, and hence did not form
part of this study.
Drill sample recovery · Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and · Not applicable in this study, no new holes completed.
results assessed.
· Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative
nature of the samples.
· Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and
whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of
fine/coarse material.
Logging · Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and · The drilling that did occur was generally completed to modern-day
geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral standards. The preferred exploration strategy in the eighties and early
Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. nineties was to drill shallow auger holes to negate the influence of any
Quaternary and Tertiary thin cover.
· Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or
costean, channel, etc) photography. · No downhole geophysical logging took place.
· The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged.
Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation · If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core · Not applicable, as no new drilling was undertaken.
taken.
· If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and
whether sampled wet or dry.
· For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the
sample preparation technique.
· Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to
maximise representivity of samples.
· Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the
in-situ material collected, including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
· Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the
material being sampled.
Quality of assay data and laboratory tests · The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and · All of the analyses bar a few (<500 out 11,975) samples were
laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or laboratory tested in various NATA-registered laboratories throughout
total. Australia. Many of the earlier CRA Exploration stream sediment and soil
samples were analysed by CRA internal laboratories. North Broken Hill used
· For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, their onsite laboratory on some campaigns.
the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and
model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.
· Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks,
duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of
accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established.
Verification of sampling and assaying · The verification of significant intersections by either independent · Over 830 samples have had their assays duplicated.
or alternative company personnel.
· None of the historical data has been adjusted.
· The use of twinned holes.
· Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data
verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols.
· Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
Location of data points · Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar · In general, locational accuracy does vary, depending upon whether the
and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in samples were digitised off plans or had their coordinated tabulated. Many
Mineral Resource estimation. samples were reported to AGD66 or AMG84 and have been converted to MGA94.Zone
54
· Specification of the grid system used.
· It is estimated that locational accuracy therefor varies between
· Quality and adequacy of topographic control. 2-50m
Data spacing and distribution · Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. · The average sample spacing across the tenure varies per element, and
sample type, as listed in Table A1-1, below:
· Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish
the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Table A1-1: EL 8434 and EL 8435 Surface and Drillhole Sampling
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied.
Description Number Average Spacing Comments
Stream Sediment 1,395 320 Includes BCL
· Whether sample compositing has been applied. Soil 1,049 240
Surface Rock Chip 2,150 185
Drilling 7,381 220 Includes shallow auger holes. Five (5) holes in the tenures are held in
GSNSW library.
Mineral Occurrences 98 420 Includes quarries and Industrial Minerals.
· No sample compositing has been applied.
· A listing of the historical drillholes that contain downhole samples
and have been analysed for cobalt (>200ppm threshold) are given in Table
A3-2 at the end of this section.
Orientation of data in relation to geological structure · Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of · The current database does not contain any sub-surface geological
possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the logging, which is being compiled.
deposit type.
· Geological mapping by various companies has reinforced that the
· If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the strata dips variously between 40 and 83 degrees.
orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a
sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
Sample security · The measures taken to ensure sample security. · The sample security measures, except for the Squadron Resources work
programs is not known. Squadron took samples to their Broken Hill office and
transported samples for analysis to ALS Broken Hill
Audits or reviews · The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. · No audits or reviews have yet been undertaken.
· No sample compositing has been applied.
· A listing of the historical drillholes that contain downhole samples
and have been analysed for cobalt (>200ppm threshold) are given in Table
A3-2 at the end of this section.
Orientation of data in relation to geological structure
· Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of
possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the
deposit type.
· If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the
orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a
sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
· The current database does not contain any sub-surface geological
logging, which is being compiled.
· Geological mapping by various companies has reinforced that the
strata dips variously between 40 and 83 degrees.
Sample security
· The measures taken to ensure sample security.
· The sample security measures, except for the Squadron Resources work
programs is not known. Squadron took samples to their Broken Hill office and
transported samples for analysis to ALS Broken Hill
Audits or reviews
· The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.
· No audits or reviews have yet been undertaken.
TABLE A3-2 EL8434 & 8435 DRILLHOLES WITH SAMPLES >200PPM AS THE MAXIMUM
VALUE
HOLEID E_GDA94 N_GDA94 GSNSW_DRILL_ID DRILL RIN PERIODEND Ag_ppm Au_ppm Ce_ppm Co_ppm Cu_ppm Ni_ppm Pb_ppm V_ppm Zn_ppm
114 571243.1686 6451473.216 MIN_151594 RAB RE0005534 20131203 1 0.02 182 390 432 60 10 234 59
125 571272.1723 6451389.216 MIN_151657 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.9 0 144 204 253 51 38 476 132
175 571322.1664 6451259.216 MIN_151712 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.8 0 176 208 643 92 59 347 278
208 571367.1666 6451389.216 MIN_151749 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.8 0.03 0 331 474 191 4 223 177
217 571372.1709 6451299.216 MIN_151759 RAB RE0005534 20131203 1.3 0.02 214 455 625 123 11 301 148
260 571422.1703 6451279.216 MIN_151807 RAB RE0005534 20131203 1.8 0.02 1076 2267 1307 247 32 500 167
262 571422.169 6451299.216 MIN_151809 RAB RE0005534 20131203 1 0.02 182 317 416 81 7 206 128
305 571472.1654 6451249.216 MIN_151857 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.9 0.03 61 548 790 196 3 193 256
336 571522.1726 6451249.216 MIN_151891 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.5 0 29 272 772 112 5 430 129
337 571522.1685 6451239.215 MIN_151892 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0 0.02 117 357 1257 135 5 174 114
338 571522.1643 6451229.215 MIN_151893 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0 0 86 351 713 142 5 191 117
350 571572.1663 6451239.216 MIN_151907 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.6 0 213 722 993 167 19 215 120
352 571572.1652 6451259.216 MIN_151909 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0 0 26 207 871 116 3 168 115
426 571243.1728 6451479.217 MIN_151991 RAB RE0005534 20131203 0.6 0.03 64 1346 2077 207 4 355 97
1116 573422.1589 6455249.209 MIN_132567 UNK RE0005534 20131203 0.6 0.03 91 223 85 131 36 321 526
756141 564106.1553 6463474.213 MIN_174482 AUGER R00000311 19940623 0 0 406 24 35 190
1658557 574222.151 6456339.209 MIN_179779 RAB R00004755 19890228 0.5 0 254 321 54 140 178 636
1658566 574222.1572 6456249.208 MIN_179788 RAB R00004755 19890228 0.1 0.02 291 10 87 65 162 685
1659032 575022.1521 6456309.209 MIN_179895 RAB R00004755 19890228 0.1 0.03 465 323 105 120 150 397
12YCRAB087 572322.3516 6490429.493 MIN_048025 RAB RE0004161 20130226 0.3 0.38 235 5090 54 139 13 221
1800E1140N 575705.1569 6453802.21 MIN_215515 RAB R00016190 19781123 250 1900 300 20 140
1800E1180N 575701.16 6453827.21 MIN_215519 RAB R00016190 19781123 2500 1000 800 30 120
1800E1200N 575699.1626 6453839.21 MIN_215521 RAB R00016190 19781123 950 2100 500 30 100
2800E1160S 573969.1558 6456304.209 MIN_192113 RAB R00009949 19820427 250 250 160 140 600
2925E1000S 574073.1545 6456479.209 MIN_192118 RAB R00009949 19820427 300 300 160 50 550
2925E1080S 574083.1579 6456400.209 MIN_192120 RAB R00009949 19820427 250 350 140 140 750
2925E1160S 574093.1517 6456321.209 MIN_192124 RAB R00009949 19820427 200 350 200 180 1700
2925E1220S 574101.1585 6456261.209 MIN_192127 RAB R00009949 19820427 200 300 100 350 800
2925E1240S 574104.1579 6456241.209 MIN_192128 RAB R00009949 19820427 1000 750 220 1500 1400
2925E1340S 574117.1507 6456142.209 MIN_192133 RAB R00009949 19820427 320 120 200 1000 1000
3050E1040S 574202.1503 6456456.209 MIN_192136 RAB R00009949 19820427 350 400 200 90 650
3050E780S 574168.1488 6456714.209 MIN_192154 RAB R00009949 19820427 200 550 120 500 700
3300E520N 574246.1526 6458035.209 MIN_192168 RAB R00009949 19820427 200 700 250 40 250
3300E560N 574241.1447 6458075.209 MIN_192170 RAB R00009949 19820427 400 850 90 600 160
3300E600N 574235.145 6458115.209 MIN_192172 RAB R00009949 19820427 300 4900 160 30 140
3425E600S 574516.148 6456941.208 MIN_192177 RAB R00009949 19820427 350 140 90 70 300
3425E660S 574524.1508 6456882.209 MIN_192180 RAB R00009949 19820427 1100 200 200 140 550
3425E720S 574532.1556 6456822.209 MIN_192183 RAB R00009949 19820427 250 550 120 60 800
3E-4.5N 576546.1576 6453754.21 MIN_228885 RAB R00023083 19770523 1300 2000 400 60 100
3E-4.7N 576548.1587 6453764.21 MIN_228887 RAB R00023083 19770523 300 3200 600 100 40
3E-4.9N 576549.1591 6453774.21 MIN_228889 RAB R00023083 19770523 6100 14000 400 80 250
3E-5.0N 576550.1596 6453779.21 MIN_228890 RAB R00023083 19770523 300 3700 350 70 80
3E-5.1N 576551.1621 6453783.21 MIN_228891 RAB R00023083 19770523 0.13 1500 3300 450 40 70
3E-5.2N 576552.1627 6453788.21 MIN_228892 RAB R00023083 19770523 850 3100 250 60 120
3E-5.3N 576553.1614 6453794.209 MIN_228893 RAB R00023083 19770523 850 1500 300 70 140
3E-6N 576557.1555 6453828.21 MIN_228897 RAB R00023083 19770523 250 900 250 70 250
5500N790E 550835.1541 6477077.182 MIN_181494 RAB R00005255 19900925 14 0.006 275 45 40 15 50
CBEAC0096 569930.3451 6466370.494 MIN_064677 ACORE R00037730 20080306 0 0.042 180 245 468 202 45 459 277
CBEAC0105 569280.3449 6465650.494 MIN_064686 ACORE R00037730 20080306 0 0.023 640 283 447 255 53 758 359
FC1-35E 570480.1669 6455411.214 MIN_215969 RAB R00016273 19781206 220 180 160 80 550
FC1-40E 570575.1626 6455399.214 MIN_215976 RAB R00016273 19781206 400 300 80 90 720
FC3.5W440N 570213.1619 6456434.215 MIN_216059 RAB R00016273 19781206 350 250 60 -5 250
FC4W-1N 570604.1678 6456213.213 MIN_216131 RAB R00016273 19781206 350 1700 160 90 400
FC6W-60N 570994.1644 6456574.212 MIN_216232 RAB R00016273 19781206 250 1300 200 60 400
FCR024 564400.3476 6452800.495 MIN_151082 RAB R00029684 20040903 0.1 -0.001 210 398 113 6 170
QRT 1W-3S 574568.1606 6455674.209 MIN_228969 RAB R00023083 19770523 350 70 140 180 200
QRT 3E5.5N 575579.1564 6455907.208 MIN_228979 RAB R00023083 19770523 200 120 100 60 160
RABZIG097 578502.3533 6458728.494 MIN_101935 RAB RE0002825 20120105 0.1 337 192 112 9 414 211
RDB227 574122.1597 6453254.212 MIN_224569 ACORE R00020961 19990219 0.1 0.98 750 270 220 16 410 130
RDB251 574272.1498 6458129.209 MIN_224593 ACORE R00020961 19990219 0.1 3.04 410 5100 105 12 260 190
RDB273 570722.172 6446279.213 MIN_224615 ACORE R00020961 19990219 0.1 0.014 210 330 120 8 1050 500
RDB351 574422.1476 6458179.208 MIN_224693 ACORE R00020961 19990219 1.5 0.004 330 320 350 12 550 125
RDB387 574222.1707 6446129.21 MIN_224729 ACORE R00020961 19990219 1 0.003 210 195 130 24 550 500
RDB388 574222.1679 6446179.21 MIN_224730 ACORE R00020961 19990219 0.1 -0.001 200 170 130 82 290 600
RFTKA0257 572534.1606 6455712.21 MIN_196905 AUGER R00010917 19811027 250 60 90 15 120
RFTKA0275 572323.1543 6457557.211 MIN_196923 AUGER R00010917 19811027 320 200 80 120 400
RFTKA0878 573155.1572 6456742.21 MIN_197308 AUGER R00010917 19811027 200 80 90 650 400
RFTKA1450 574088.1559 6456360.209 MIN_192713 AUGER R00009949 19820427 300 90 60 250 350
RFTKA1745 574238.1448 6458095.209 MIN_228067 AUGER R00023023 19781027 950 350 30 5 50
RFTKA1747 574235.145 6458115.209 MIN_228069 AUGER R00023023 19781027 0.1 9500 11000 450 50 180
RFTKA1766 574413.1571 6456766.209 MIN_228088 AUGER R00023023 19781027 700 100 50 30 250
RFTKA1921 574751.1532 6457073.209 MIN_197619 AUGER R00010917 19811027 200 60 40 50 180
T0.5W-0.3N 575996.1618 6453701.211 MIN_228981 RAB R00023083 19770523 250 450 80 70 140
T0.5W-10N 576000.1558 6453815.21 MIN_228985 RAB R00023083 19770523 1700 2200 550 40 140
T0.5W-14N 576001.1626 6453831.21 MIN_228986 RAB R00023083 19770523 1100 400 550 60 200
T0.5W-2N 575998.1625 6453749.21 MIN_228991 RAB R00023083 19770523 250 1000 250 80 120
T0W-10.3S 576352.1561 6453788.21 MIN_228994 RAB R00023083 19770523 550 1300 350 100 80
T0W-10.6S 576352.1567 6453778.21 MIN_228995 RAB R00023083 19770523 550 950 400 40 90
T0W-11.3S 576351.1552 6453759.21 MIN_228997 RAB R00023083 19770523 950 800 500 40 60
T0W-11SR 576351.1565 6453768.209 MIN_228999 RAB R00023083 19770523 200 600 200 40 140
T0W-12.3S 576350.1563 6453729.211 MIN_229000 RAB R00023083 19770523 300 1100 300 50 70
T0W-12SR 576351.1565 6453739.21 MIN_229002 RAB R00023083 19770523 350 1200 400 40 160
T1W-0 575554.1608 6453681.211 MIN_228733 AUGER R00023081 19770305 200 400 160 60 120
T3.1W-2N 574017.1595 6453258.212 MIN_215553 RAB R00016190 19781123 250 900 300 100 160
T3.1W-3N 574015.1668 6453267.212 MIN_215554 RAB R00016190 19781123 250 850 250 100 80
T3.5W-5S 573705.1654 6453191.212 MIN_215563 RAB R00016190 19781123 200 100 650 30 140
T4W-1.5S 573354.1622 6453206.212 MIN_229051 RAB R00023083 19770523 400 1200 250 50 60
T4W-1S 573354.1604 6453211.213 MIN_228835 AUGER R00023081 19770305 250 400 300 20 80
T4W-2NR 573327.1612 6453244.212 MIN_215564 RAB R00016190 19781123 200 1400 300 60 70
T4W-2S 573354.164 6453201.213 MIN_228837 AUGER R00023081 19770305 250 900 160 30 50
T4W-3.5S 573355.1677 6453187.213 MIN_229053 RAB R00023083 19770523 500 1000 450 40 60
T4W-3S 573355.1588 6453191.212 MIN_228838 AUGER R00023081 19770305 350 1100 300 30 40
T4W-4.5S 573356.1626 6453177.213 MIN_229054 RAB R00023083 19770523 250 1000 450 30 70
TG2-180S 571344.1714 6451219.216 MIN_216671 RAB R00016273 19781206 200 30 140 10 200
TG3-120E 571590.1731 6451244.216 MIN_216703 RAB R00016273 19781206 550 1400 180 80 180
TG4-40E 571478.1649 6451231.216 MIN_216725 RAB R00016273 19781206 600 1500 120 15 70
TG4-80E 571514.1656 6451258.215 MIN_216727 RAB R00016273 19781206 250 40 90 10 50
YC-1 571982.0878 6490578.184 MIN_116467 RC R00054641 20060903 1.9 0 330 8830 31 7
YC-10 572091.0916 6490125.185 MIN_116468 RC R00041850 20070903 2.3 0.03 316 6980 11 97
YC-11 572247.0907 6490130.186 MIN_116469 RC R00041850 20070903 1.3 0.17 439 3880 63 283
YC-12 572409.0865 6490120.186 MIN_116470 RC R00041850 20070903 3.6 0.12 1060 11100 246 1130
YC-2 572020.0927 6490578.185 MIN_116471 RC R00054641 20060903 3.1 0.06 470 10000 50 12
YC-3 572060.0874 6490578.185 MIN_116472 RC R00054641 20060903 1 0.06 454 3420 139 26
YC-6 572072.0919 6490677.185 MIN_116475 RC R00054641 20060903 1.2 0.04 577 1835 116 19
YC-9 572034.0857 6490829.185 MIN_116478 RC R00054641 20060903 0.5 0.06 1065 1515 300 43
ZH0210W 578780.1427 6460748.209 MIN_193475 RAB R00009949 19820427 250 350 120 900 1100
ZIG01 578722.1424 6459179.208 MIN_116672 RC R00029648 20040105 1 0.04 600 1200 86 1000 1600
ZIG02 578772.1431 6460779.209 MIN_116673 RC R00029648 20040105 2 0.04 380 185 1250 900 2550
Notes:
1. Coordinate system is GDA94 Zone 54.
2. Criteria for listing was a historical drillhole sample assay that
had one sample at least >200ppm cobalt.
3. This is a preliminary analysis, evaluation is ongoing.
SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral tenement and land tenure status · Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including EL 8434 is located about 28km east of Broken Hill whilst EL 8435 is 16km east
agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, of Broken Hill. Both tenures are approximately 900km northwest of Sydney in
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, far western New South Wales (Figure A12-1).
wilderness or national park and environmental settings.
EL 8434 and EL 8435 were both granted on the 2(nd of) June 2016 to Squadron
· The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with Resources for a term of five (5) years for Group One Minerals. On the 25(th
any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. of) May 2020, Squadron Resources changed its name to Wyloo Metals Pty Ltd
(Wyloo). In December 2020 the tenure was transferred from Wyloo Metals to
Broken Hill Alliance Pty Ltd a 100% subsidiary company of Castillo Copper
Limited. Both tenures were renewed on the 12(th of) August 2021 for a
further six (6) years and are due to expire on the 2(nd of) June 2027.
EL 8434 lies across two (2) 1:100,000 geology map sheets Redan 7233 and
Taltingan 7234, and two (2) 1:250,000 geology map sheets, SI54-3 Menindee and
SH54-15 Broken Hill in the county of Yancowinna. EL 8434 consists of one
hundred and eighty-six (186) units) in the Adelaide and Broken Hill
1:1,000,000 Blocks covering an area of approximately 580km(2).
EL 8435 is located on the 1:100,000 geology map sheet Taltingan 7234, and the
1:250,000 geology map sheet SH/54-15 Broken Hill in the county of
Yancowinna. EL 8435 consists of twenty-two (22) units (Table 1) in the
Broken Hill 1:1,000,000 Blocks covering an area of approximately 68km(2).
Access to the tenures from Broken Hill is via the sealed Barrier Highway.
This road runs north-east to south-west through the northern portion of the EL
8434, passes the southern tip of EL 8435 eastern section and through the
middle of the western section of EL 8435. Access is also available via the
Menindee Road which runs north-west to south-east through the southern section
of the EL 8434. The Orange to Broken Hill Rail line also dissects EL 8435
western section the middle and then travels north-west to south-east slicing
through the eastern arm of EL 8434 (Figure A3-2-1).
Figure A3-2-1: EL 8434 and EL 8434 General Location Map
(view image on PDF version linked above)
Exploration done by other parties · Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. Explorers who were actively involved over longer historical periods in various
parts of EL8434 and 8435 were: - North Broken Hill Ltd, CRAE Exploration,
Major Mining Ltd and Broken Hill Metals NL, Pasminco Exploration Ltd, Normandy
Exploration Ltd, PlatSearch NL/Inco Ltd/ EGC Pty Ltd JV and the Western Plains
Gold Ltd/PlatSearch/EGC Pty Ltd JV.
A comprehensive summary of work by previous explorers was presented in Leyh
(2009). However, more recently, follow-up field reconnaissance of areas of
geological interest, including most of the prospective zones was carried out
by EGC Pty Ltd over the various licenses. This work, in conjunction with a
detailed interpretation of aeromagnetic, gravity plus RAB / RC drill hole
logging originally led to the identification of at least sixteen higher
priority prospect areas. All these prospects were summarized in considerable
detail in Leyh (2008). Future work programs were then also proposed for each
area. Since then, further compilation work plus detailed geological
reconnaissance mapping and sampling of gossans and lode rocks has been carried
out.
A total of 22 prospects were then recognised on the exploration licence with
at least 12 occurring in and around the tenure.
With less than 15% outcropping Proterozoic terrain within the licence, this
makes it very difficult to explore and is in the main very effectively
screened from the easy application of more conventional exploration
methodologies due to a predominance of extensive Cainozoic cover sequences.
These include recent to young Quaternary soils, sands, clays and older more
resistant, only partially dissected, Tertiary duricrust regolith covered
areas. Depth of cover ranges from a few metres in the north to over 60
metres in some areas on the southern and central license.
Exploration by EGC Pty Ltd carried out in the field in the first instance has
therefore been heavily reliant upon time consuming systematic geological
reconnaissance mapping and relatable geochemical sampling. These involve a
slow systematic search over low outcropping areas, poorly exposed subcrops and
float areas as well as the progressive development of effective regolith
mapping and sampling tools. This work has been combined with a vast amount
of intermittently acquired past exploration data. The recent data
compilation includes an insufficiently detailed NSWGS regional mapping scale
given the problems involved, plus some regionally extensive, highly variable,
low-level stream and soil BLEG geochemical data sets over much of the area.
There are also a few useful local detailed mapping grids at the higher
priority prospects, and many more numerous widespread regional augers, RAB and
percussion grid drilling data sets. Geophysical data sets including ground
magnetics, IP and EM over some prospect areas have also been integrated into
the exploration models. These are located mainly in former areas of moderate
interest and most of the electrical survey methods to date in this type of
terrain continue to be of limited application due to the high degree of
weathering and the often prevailing and complex regolith cover constraints.
Between 2007 and 2014 Eaglehawk Geological Consulting has carried out detailed
research, plus compilation and interpretation of a very large volume of
historic exploration data sourced from numerous previous explorers and dating
back to the early 1970's. Most of this data is in non-digital scanned form.
Many hard copy exploration reports (see references) plus several hundred plans
have been acquired from various sources, hard copy printed as well as
downloaded as scans from the Geological Survey of NSW DIGS system. They also
conducted field mapping, costean mapping and sampling, and rock chip sampling
and analysis.
Work Carried out by Squadron Resources and Whyloo Metals 2016-2020
Research during Year 1 by Squadron Resources revealed that the PGE-rich,
sulphide-bearing ultramafic rocks in the Broken Hill region have a
demonstrably alkaline affinity. This indicates a poor prospectivity for
economic accumulations of sulphide on an empirical basis (e.g., in comparison
to all known economic magmatic nickel sulphide deposits, which have a
dominantly tholeiitic affinity). Squadron instead directed efforts toward
detecting new Broken Hill-Type (BHT) deposits that are synchronous with basin
formation. Supporting this modified exploration rationale are the EL's
stratigraphic position, proximity to the Broken Hill line of lode, abundant
mapped alteration (e.g., gahnite and/or garnet bearing exhalative units) and
known occurrences such as the "Sisters" and "Iron Blow" prospects.
The area overlies a potential magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE source region of
metasomatised sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) identified from a
regional targeting geophysical data base. The exploration model at the time
proposed involved remobilization of Ni-Cu-PGE in SCLM and incorporation into
low degree mafic-ultramafic partial melts during a post-Paleoproterozoic plume
event and emplacement higher in the crust as chonoliths/small intrusives -
Voisey's Bay type model. Programs were devised to use geophysics and
geological mapping to locate secondary structures likely to control and
localise emplacement of Ni-Cu-PGE bearing chonoliths. Since EL8434 was
granted, the following has been completed:
• Airborne EM survey.
• Soil and chip sampling.
• Data compilation.
• Geological and logistical reconnaissance.
• Community consultations; and
• Execution of land access agreements.
Airborne EM Survey
Geotech Airborne Limited was engaged to conduct an airborne EM survey using
their proprietary VTEM system in 2017. A total of 648.92-line kilometres
were flown on a nominal 200m line spacing over a portion of the project area.
Several areas were infilled to 100m line spacing.
The VTEM data was interpreted by Southern Geoscience Consultants Pty Ltd, who
identified a series of anomalies, which were classified as high or low
priority based on anomaly strength (i.e., does the anomaly persist into the
latest channels). Additionally, a cluster of VTEM anomalies at the "Sisters"
prospect have been classified separate due to strong IP effects observed in
the data. Geotech Airborne have provided an IP corrected data and
interpretation of the data has since been undertaken.
Soil and Chip sampling
The VTEM anomalies were followed up by a reconnaissance soil sampling
programme. Spatially clustered VTEM anomalies were grouped, and follow-up soil
lines were designed. Two (2) VTEM anomalies were found to be related to
culture and consequently no soils were collected. Two (2) other anomalies
were sampled which were located above thick alluvium of Stephens Creek and
were therefore not sampled. A line of soil samples was collected over a
relatively undisturbed section at Iron Blow workings and the Sisters Prospect.
One hundred and sixty-six (166) soil samples were collected at a nominal 20cm
depth using a 2mm aluminium sieve. Two (2) rock chips were also collected
during this program. The samples were collected at either 20m or 40m spacing
over selected VTEM anomalies. The samples were pulverised and analysed by
portal XRF at ALS laboratories in Perth.
Each site was annotated with a "Regolith Regime" such that samples from a
depositional environment could be distinguished from those on exposed
Proterozoic bedrock, which were classified as an erosional environment. The
Regolith Regime groups were used for statistical analysis and levelling of the
results. The levelled data reveals strong relative anomalies in zinc at VTEM
anomaly clusters 10, 12 and 14 plus strong anomalous copper at VTEM 17.
Geology · Deposit type, geological setting, and style of mineralisation. Regional Geology
The Broken Hill polymetallic deposits are located within Curnamona Province
(Willyama Super group) (Figure A3-2-2) that hosts several world-class deposits
of lead, zinc, silver, and copper. The Willyama Supergroup consists of
highly deformed metasedimentary schists and gneisses with abundant
quartz-feldspathic gneisses, lesser basic gneisses, and minor 'lode' rocks
which are quartz-albite and calc-silicate rocks (Geoscience Australia,
2019). Prograde metamorphism ranges from andalusite through sillimanite to
granulite grade (Stevens, Barnes, Brown, Stroud, & Willis, 1988).
Regionally, the tenures are situated in Broken Hill spatial domain which
extends from far western New South Wales into eastern South Australia. The
Broken Hill Domain hosts several major fault systems and shear zones, which
were formed by various deformation events and widespread metamorphism which
has affected the Willyama Supergroup (Figure A3-2-3). Major faults in the
region include the Mundi Mundi Fault to the west of Broken Hill, the Mulculca
Fault to the east, and the Redan Fault to the south. Broken Hill is also
surrounded by extensive shear zones including the Stephens Creek,
Globe-Vauxhall, Rupee, Pine Creek, Albert, and Thackaringa-Pinnacles Shear
Zones.
Figure A3-2-2: Regional Stratigraphy (view image on PDF version linked
above)
Figure A3-2-3: Regional Geological Map (view image on PDF version linked
above)
There are over twenty (20) rock formations mapped within the project area.
Parts of the project area are covered by Quaternary alluvium, sands, and by
Tertiary laterite obscuring the basement geology. Within the Lower to Middle
Proterozoic Willyama Supergroup (previously Complex) there are two (2) groups,
the Thackaringa Group, and the younger Broken Hill Group (Colquhoun, et al.,
2019).
Local Geology
A summary of the units that host or appear to host the various mineralisation
styles within EL 8434 and EL 8435 is given below.
Broken Hill Group
The Hores Gneiss is mostly comprised of quartz-feldspar-biotite-garnet gneiss,
interpreted as metadacite with some minor metasediments noted. An age range
from Zircon dating has been reported as 1682-1695Ma (Geoscience Australia,
2019). The Allendale Metasediments unit contains mostly metasedimentary
rocks, dominated by albitic, pelitic to psammitic composite gneiss, including
garnet-bearing feldspathic composite gneiss, sporadic basic gneiss, and
quartz-gahnite rock. Calc-silicate bodies can be found at the base of the
unit and the formation's average age is 1691 Ma (Geoscience Australia, 2019).
Thackaringa Group
The Thorndale Composite Gneiss is distinguished by mostly gneiss, but also
migmatite, amphibolite, and minor magnetite. The age of this unit is
>1700Ma (Geoscience Australia, 2019) and is one of the oldest formations in
the Group. The Cues Formation is interpreted as a deformed sill-like
granite, including Potosi-type gneiss. Other rock-types include pelitic
paragneiss, containing cordierite. The average age: ca 1700-1730 Ma.
(Stevens, Barnes, Brown, Stroud, & Willis, 1988). Other rock types
include mainly psammo-pelitic to psammitic composite gneisses or
metasedimentary rocks, and intercalated bodies of basic gneiss. This unit is
characterised by stratiform horizons of granular garnet-quartz +/-magnetite
rocks, quartz-iron oxide/sulphide rocks and quartz-magnetite rocks (Geoscience
Australia, 2019). This is a significant formation as it hosts the Pinnacles
Ag-Pb-Zn massive sulphide deposit along with widespread Fe-rich stratiform
horizons. The protolith was probably sandy marine shelf sedimentary rocks.
An intrusion under shallow cover was syn-depositional. The contained
leuco-gneisses and Potosi-type gneisses are believed to represent a felsic
volcanic or volcaniclastic protolith. Basic gneisses occur in a substantial
continuous interval in the middle sections of the Formation, underlain by
thinner, less continuous bodies. They are moderately Fe-rich (abundant
orthopyroxene or garnet) and finely layered, in places with pale feldspar-rich
layers, and are associated with medium-grained quartz-feldspar-biotite-garnet
gneiss or rock which occurs in thin bodies or pods ('Potosi-type' gneiss). A
distinctive leucocratic quartz-microcline-albite(-garnet) gneiss (interpreted
as meta-rhyolite) occurs as thin, continuous, and extensive horizons, in
several areas. The sulphide-bearing rocks may be lateral equivalents of, or
associates of Broken Hill type stratiform mineralisation. Minor layered
garnet-epidote-quartz calc-silicate rocks occur locally within the middle to
basal section. The unit is overlain by the Himalaya Formation. The Cues
Formation is intruded by Alma Granite (Geoscience Australia, 2019). The
Himalaya Formation (Figure A3-2-4) consists of medium-grained saccharoidal
leucocratic psammitic and albitic meta-sedimentary rocks (average age
1700Ma). The unit comprises variably interbedded albite-quartz rich rocks,
composite gneiss, basic gneiss, horizons of thinly bedded quartz-magnetite
rock. Pyrite-rich rocks occur at the base of the formation (Geoscience
Australia, 2019). It is overlain by the Allendale Metasediments (Broken Hill
Group). The Himalaya Formation hosts cobalt-rich pyritic horizons at Pyrite
Hill and Big Hill. The protolith is probably sandy marine shelf sedimentary
rocks with variable evaporitic or hypersaline component. Plagioclase-quartz
rocks are well-bedded (beds 20 - 30mm thick), with rare scour-and-fill and
cross-bedded structures. Thin to thick (0.5 - 10m) horizons of thinly bedded
quartz-magnetite rock also occur with the plagioclase-quartz rocks. In some
areas the formation consists of thin interbeds of plagioclase-quartz rocks
within meta-sedimentary rocks or metasedimentary composite gneiss (Geoscience
Australia, 2019). Lady Brassey Formation which is well-to-poorly-bedded
leucocratic sodic plagioclase-quartz rock, as massive units or as thick to
thin interbeds within psammitic to pelitic metasedimentary composite
gneisses. A substantial conformable basic gneiss. It overlies both
Mulculca Formation and Thorndale Composite Gneiss. Part of the formation was
formerly referred to as Farmcote Gneiss in the Redan geophysical zone of
Broken Hill Domain - a zone in which the stratigraphy has been revised to
create the new Rantyga Group (Redan and Ednas Gneisses, Mulculca Formation,
and the now formalised Farmcote Gneiss).
Lady Louise Suite
This unit is approximately 1.69Ma in age comprising amphibolite,
quartz-bearing, locally differentiated to hornblende granite, intrusive sills,
and dykes, metamorphosed, and deformed; metabasalt with pillows (Geoscience
Australia, 2019). Annadale Metadolerite is basic gneisses, which includes
intervening metasedimentary rocks possibly dolerite (Geoscience Australia,
2021).
Rantya Group
Farmcote Gneiss contains metasediments and gneiss and is a new unit at the top
of Rantyga Group. It is overlain by the Cues Formation and Thackaringa
Group, and it overlies the Mulculca Formation. The age of the unit is
between 1602 to 1710Ma. Mulculca Formation is abundant metasedimentary
composite gneiss, variable sodic plagioclase-quartz-magnetite rock,
quartz-albite-magnetite gneiss, minor quartz-magnetite rock common, minor
basic gneiss, albite-hornblende-quartz rock (Geoscience Australia, 2019).
Ednas Gneiss contains quartz-albite-magnetite gneiss, sodic
plagioclase-quartz-magnetite rock, minor albite-hornblende-quartz rock, minor
quartzo-feldspathic composite gneiss. It is overlain by Mulculca Formation.
Silver City Suite
Formerly mapped in the Thackaringa Group this new grouping accommodates the
metamorphosed and deformed granites. A metagranite containing
quartz-feldspar-biotite gneiss with variable garnet, sillimanite, and
muscovite, even-grained to megacrystic, elongate parallel to enclosing
stratigraphy. It occurs as sills and intrudes both the Thackeringa Group and
the Broken Hill Group. This unit is aged between 1680 to 1707Ma.
Torrowangee Group
Mulcatcha Formation comprises flaggy, quartzose sandstone with lenticular
boulder and arkosic sandstone beds. Yangalla Formation contains boulder
beds, lenticular interbedded siltstone, and sandstone. It overlies the
Mulcatcha Formation (Geoscience Australia, 2020).
Sundown Group
The Sundown Group contains Interbedded pelite, psammopelitic and psammitic
metasedimentary rocks and it overlies the Broken Hill Group. The unit age is
from 1665 to 1692Ma.
There is also an unnamed amphibolite in Willyama Supergroup, which present
typically medium grained plagioclase and amphibole or pyroxene rich stratiform
or discordant dykes.
Figure A3-2-4: EL 8434 and EL 8435 Solid Geology (view image on PDF version
linked above)
Drill hole Information · A summary of all information material to the understanding of the · No new drillholes have been completed yet.
exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for
all Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level - elevation above sea level in metres) of the
drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
· If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that
the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why
this is the case.
Data aggregation methods · In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, · No new assays are reported in this announcement
maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g., cutting of high grades) and
cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated.
· Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade
results and longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure used for such
aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations
should be shown in detail.
· The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values
should be clearly stated.
Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths · These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of · As a database of all the historical borehole sampling has not yet
Exploration Results. been compiled and validated (in progress) it is uncertain if there is a
relationship between the surface sample anomalies to any subsurface anomalous
· If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole intersections. Mineralisation is commonly associated with shears, faults,
angle is known, its nature should be reported. and pegmatitic intrusions within the shears, or on or adjacent to the
boundaries of the Himalaya Formation.
· If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there
should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g. 'down hole length, true width · No existing geological 3D models exist but preliminary
not known'). investigation has shown that sufficient data may be available to generate a
small resource of cobalt or zinc.
Diagrams · Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of · Current surface anomalies are shown on maps in the report. All
intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported historical surface sampling has had their coordinates converted to MGA94, Zone
These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar 54.
locations and appropriate sectional views.
Balanced reporting · Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not · No new exploration results have been reported, but regarding the
practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or surface sampling, no results other than duplicates, blanks or reference
widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration standard assays have been omitted.
Results.
Other substantive exploration data · Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be · Historical explorers have also conducted airborne and ground gravity,
reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical magnetic, EM, and IP resistivity surveys over parts of the tenure area but
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples - size and method of this is yet to be collated.
treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical
and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.
Further work · The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g., tests for lateral Work has commenced on Stage 2, which is to identify more anomalies and
extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). priority zones within the EL 8434 and EL8435, it is recommended that:
· Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, · The non-sampled zone in the centre of the tenure be defined and
including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, sampled.
provided this information is not commercially sensitive.
· A more detailed study of historical drillholes should be
conducted to determine if enough data exists to estimate a JORC resource; and
· A program of field mapping and ground magnetic or EM surveys be
planned and executed.
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