REG - Cobra Resources PLC - Large-Scale Rare Earth ISR System Beyond Boland
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RNS Number : 6736Z Cobra Resources PLC 17 September 2025
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17 September 2025
Cobra Resources plc
("Cobra" or the "Company")
Further Data Confirms Large-Scale Rare Earth ISR System Beyond Boland
Final results from re-analysis support significantly enhanced project scale
Cobra (https://cobraplc.com/) (LSE: COBR)
(https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/COBR/cobra-resources-plc/company-page)
, the mineral exploration and development company, is pleased to announce
final results from the re-analysis of historical, uranium-focused rotary mud
drilling from recently acquired tenements (EL 6742, EL 6774 and EL 6780,
together the "New Tenements") that expand the resource potential of Boland
across two regionally extensive palaeochannel systems.
Highlights
Scale: Palaeochannel sediment-hosted Rare Earth Elements ("REEs") confirmed at
significant scale across the expanded landholding. Three large target zones
refined for follow-up drill testing:
· Gillespie: Narlaby Palaeochannel, comprising an embayment over
~155km(2)
· Head: Yaninee Palaeochannel, an interpreted fluvial flood plain
covering ~85km(2)
· Stokes: Yaninee Palaeochannel, an interpreted fluvial flood plain
covering ~47km(2)
Thickness: Elevated REEs up to 30m intervals within Pidinga and Garford
formations, where broad zones of permeable geology is enabled by coarse sands,
favourable for low-cost, low impact in situ recovery ("ISR") mining.
Favourable grades reanalysed from historical undesirable drilling methods:
· IR 34 intersecting 18m at 720ppm Total Rare Earth Oxides ("TREO")
(135ppm neodymium + praseodymium ("Nd+Pr") and 13ppm dysprosium + terbium
("Dy+Tb")) from 12m, including 2m at 2,545ppm TREO (483ppm Nd+Pr and 30ppm
Dy+Tb)
· IR 28 intersecting 10m at 747ppm TREO (143ppm Nd+Pr and 17ppm Dy+Tb)
from 28m including 2m at 974ppm TREO (92ppm Nd+Pr and 31ppm Dy+Tb) from 32m
· IR 276 intersecting 8m at 1,095 ppm TREO (242 ppm Nd+Pr and 21 ppm
Dy+Tb) from 44m including 2m at 2,676ppm TREO (616ppm Nd+Pr and 50ppm Dy+Tb)
Geology: Enriched REE grades occur on channel margins, implying a geological
depositional control on the absorption of ionic REEs.
Metallurgy: Additional sample quantities are being recovered from the core
library for diagnostic leach testing to demonstrate ionic metallurgy.
Land Access to Drill: Assignment of Native title is nearing completion which
is a precursor to the transfer of title of the New Tenements. Stakeholder
engagement is in progress to expedite drill testing. The Company aims to
incorporate drilling across at least two of the defined target areas within an
initial Mineral Resource Estimate.
Re-assay results have been derived from a drilling method that does not
generate a sample representative of the unique ionic REE mineralising system.
Despite this, the results generated from re-analysis exceed initial results at
Boland, where subsequent Aircore and Sonic core drilling delivered high-grade,
REE mineralisation enriched in terbium ("Tb") and dysprosium ("Dy") within
confined permeable geology. This bodes well for Aircore and Sonic drilling on
the New Tenements.
Rupert Verco, Managing Director of Cobra, commented:
"We have now significantly refined our targeting of these extensive
palaeochannel systems through a cost-efficient process. This has generated
three scalable targets to support the growth of the Boland Project where
metallurgy and ISR studies are highlighting a low-cost, valuable opportunity
to provide a resilient and sustainable supply of critical metals such as
terbium and dysprosium.
These results demonstrate the potential that these tenements add to the Boland
Project. When the New Tenements transaction is finalised, we will be prepared
for quick deployment to drill test these highly exciting targets which we
believe will add considerable scale to the future Mineral Resource Estimate.
With infield ISR studies expected to commence shortly and drill permitting
underway at the Company's recently acquired Manna Hill Project, we have plenty
of near-term news catalysts to bring to market."
Follow this link to watch a short video of MD Rupert Verco explaining the
results released in this announcement:
https://investors.cobraplc.com/link/PBJn7P
(https://investors.cobraplc.com/link/PBJn7P)
Background
Rare earth mineralisation at the Company's Boland Project is enriched in
high-value magnet REEs - dysprosium and terbium. The unique geological setting
enables a controlled form of ISR, a low-impact, low-cost form of mining that
has bottom quartile cost potential.
REEs are absorbed to fine organic clays that occur within permeable
palaeochannel sands of the Pidinga Formation, where ongoing metallurgical
studies have demonstrated that they can be recovered at weak acidities. By
combining a low capital intensity mining process with a simple flowsheet,
Boland stands as an alternative, low-cost source of dysprosium and terbium
with high environmental stewardship.
Historical uranium-focused exploration was completed by rotary mud drilling, a
method that enables downhole geophysical measurements but yields poor sample
quality and subsequent poor recoveries of fine organic rich clays to which
REEs are absorbed. The Company does not consider the results to represent true
grades; however, they highlight prospective system fertility and enable the
refinement of targets for follow-up drill testing.
Interpretation of the re-analysis results from 120 drill holes now received:
Re-analysis of historic drill samples has been successful in refining targets
for Boland style ISR recoverable REEs. The three additional tenements cover
over 1,200km(2) of palaeochannel geology, which is a significant land position
that requires target refinement prior to initial drill testing. Key outcomes
from re-analysis of existing drilling:
· Confirmed REE mineralisation within palaeochannel sediments over
significant footprints. These include:
o Gillespie: Narlaby channel, comprising an embayment over ~155km(2)
o Head: Yaninee Channel, an interpreted fluvial flood plain covering
~85km(2)
o Stokes: Yaninee Channel, an interpreted fluvial flood plain covering
~47km(2)
· All three targets incorporate both high grade intersections
(generated from un-optimised drilling and sampling techniques) and broad zones
of mineralised Pidinga formation which have favourable geological
characteristics that enable ISR mining
· Supported an emerging control on ISR recoverable mineralisation - REE
grades increase in certain deposition sequences that promote changes in
sedimentary facies
Figure 1: Significant intersections within the Narlaby Palaeochannel across
acquired tenements EL6774 and EL678. Priority target area "Head" highlighted,
covering 155km(2)
Figure 2: Significant intersect collar locations - historic sample re-analysis
from EL 6742 with previously reported historic sample re-analysis
Historical samples retained at the South Australian Drill Core Reference
Library were drilled using rotary mud techniques. This technique does not
provide suitable sample representation for this style of mineralisation but
does provide indicative results that establish an understanding of the
geological system and areas of higher mineralisation potential. These results
allow for delineation at significant scale at a very low cost, improving
targeting for maiden drill testing. Rotary mud drilling is unlikely to
completely recover the fine component of a sedimentary sample and therefore is
expected to under-report ISR amenable rare earth mineralisation of this
nature.
Next Steps
The acquisition of the New Tenements adds significant scale to Cobra's Boland
project. The Company aims to incorporate drilling across at least two of the
defined target areas within an initial Mineral Resource Estimate. The
following key steps and indicative timeline highlight the Company's strategy:
1. Acquisition: May-25 - completed
2. Sample Re-analysis: June-25 - September 25 - completed
3. Diagnostic metallurgical testing: October 25
4. Assignment of Native Title Mining Agreement (NTMA): Anticipated
completion October 25
5. Stakeholder and community engagement: September-October 25
6. Final settlement and transfer of tenure: November 25
7. Environmental Permitting and approval: November 25
8. Aircore drilling: December 25
The results of these sample programmes will inform scheduled on-ground
exploration programmes.
Boland Project
Cobra's unique and highly scalable Boland discovery is a strategically
advantageous ionic rare earth discovery where high grades of valuable heavy
and magnet rare earths occur concentrated in a permeable horizon confined by
impermeable clays. Bench scale ISR testing has confirmed that mineralisation
is amenable to ISR mining. ISR has been used successfully for decades within
geologically similar systems to recover uranium within South Australia.
Results of this metallurgical test work support that, with minor optimisation,
ISR techniques should enable non-invasive and low-cost production of critical
REEs from Cobra's Boland discovery.
Further information relating to Boland and these results are presented in the
appendices.
Enquiries:
Cobra Resources plc via Vigo Consulting
Rupert Verco (Australia) +44 (0)20 7390 0234
Dan Maling (UK)
SI Capital Limited (Joint Broker) +44 (0)1483 413 500
Nick Emerson
Sam Lomanto
Global Investment Strategy (Joint Broker) +44 (0)20 7048 9437
James Sheehan james.sheehan@gisukltd.com
Vigo Consulting (Financial Public Relations) +44 (0)20 7390 0234
Ben Simons cobra@vigoconsulting.com
Anna Stacey
The person who arranged for the release of this announcement was Rupert Verco,
Managing Director of the Company.
Information in this announcement relates to exploration results that have been
reported in the following announcements:
· "Favourable Boland Metallurgical Results", dated 21st July 2025
· "Land Acquisition for Boland project Expansion", dated 27(th) May
2025
· "Yarranna Southeast Re-Assay Results", dated 26(th) June 2024
· "Boland Re-Assay Results", Dated 30th May 2024
· Wudinna Project Update: "Re-Assay Results Confirm High Grades Over
Exceptional Scale at Boland", dated 26 April 2024
· "Historical Drillhole Re-Assay Results", Dated 27 February 2024
Competent Persons Statement
Information and data presented within this announcement has been compiled by
Mr Robert Blythman, a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists
("MAIG"). Mr Blythman is a Consultant to Cobra Resources Plc and has
sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style of mineralisation,
deposit type and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a
Competent Person defined by the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for
Reporting Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the "JORC"
Code). This includes 12 years of Mining, Resource Estimation and Exploration
relevant to the style of mineralisation.
Information in this announcement has been assessed by Mr Rupert Verco, a
Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Verco is an
employee of Cobra and has more than 17 years' industry experience which is
relevant to the style of mineralisation, deposit type, and activity which he
is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition
of the Australasian Code for Reporting Exploration Results, Mineral Resources
and Ore Reserves of JORC. This includes 13 years of Mining, Resource
Estimation and Exploration.
About Cobra
Cobra Resources is a South Australian critical minerals developer, advancing
assets at all stages of the pre-production pathway.
In 2023, Cobra identified the Boland ionic rare earth discovery at its Wudinna
Project in the Gawler Craton - Australia's only rare earth project suitable
for in situ recovery (ISR) mining. ISR is a low-cost, low-disturbance
extraction method that eliminates the need for excavation, positioning Boland
to achieve bottom-quartile recovery costs.
In 2025, Cobra further expanded its portfolio by optioning the Manna Hill
Copper Project in the Nackara Arc, South Australia. The project contains
multiple underexplored prospects with strong potential to deliver large-scale
copper discoveries.
In 2025, Cobra sold its Wudinna Gold Assets to Barton Gold (ASX: BDG) for up
to A$15 million in cash and shares.
Regional map showing Cobra's tenements in South Australia
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Appendix 1: Background information - the Boland Project and ISR
· The Boland Project was discovered by Cobra in 2023. Mineralisation is
ionically bound to clays and organics within palaeochannel sands within the
Narlaby Palaeochannel
· Mineralisation occurs within a permeable sand within an aquifer that
is saltier than sea water and is confined by impermeable clays
· ISR is executed through engineered drillhole arrays that allow the
injection of mildly acidic ammonium or magnesium sulphate lixiviants, using
the confining nature of the geology to direct and lower the acidity of the
orebody. This low-cost process enables mines to operate profitably at lower
grades and lower rates of recovery
· Once REEs are mobile in solution in groundwater, it is also possible,
from an engineering standpoint, to recover the solution to surface via
extraction drillholes, without any need for excavation or ground disturbance
· The capital costs of ISR mining are low as they involve no material
movements and do not require traditional infrastructure to process ore - i.e.
metals are recovered in solution
· Ionic mineralisation is highly desirable owing to its high weighting
of valuable HREOs and the cost-effective method in which REEs can be desorbed
· Ionic REE mineralisation in China is mined in an in-situ manner that
relies on gravity to permeate mineralisation. The style of ISR process is
unconfined and cannot be controlled, increasing the risk for environmental
degradation. This low-cost process has enabled China to dominate mine supply
of HREOs, supplying over 90% globally
· Confined aquifer ISR is successfully executed globally within the
uranium industry, accounting for more than 60% of the world's uranium
production. This style of ISR has temporary ground disturbance, and the ground
waters are regenerated over time
· Cobra is aiming to demonstrate the economic and environmental
benefits of recovering ionic HREOs through the more environmentally aquifer
controlled ISR - a world first for rare earths
Figure A1: Comparison between the Chinese and the proposed Boland process for
ISR mining of REEs
*one sample from IR 819 within the mineralised zone was destroyed during lab
preparation. A length weighted average of the intercept has been applied,
inclusive of the missing interval.
Appendix 2: Drill collar locations
Hole Id Easting Northing EOH Dip Results Reported
DME IR 4 497629 6354473 76.5 -90 Y
IR 10 489009 6418050 128 -90 Y
IR 12 488079 6411746 42 -90 Y
IR 13 489919 6411520 94 -90 Y
IR 14 491666 6411495 66 -90 Y
IR 17 497145 6413289 30 -90 Y
IR 18 498448 6414082 30 -90 Y
IR 26 504707 6431098 84 -90 Y
IR 27 503768 6429828 64 -90 Y
IR 275 532179 6346223 48 -90 Y
IR 276 530430 6346973 72 -90 Y
IR 277 528429 6347123 48 -90 Y
IR 278 531409 6346573 48 -90 Y
IR 279 526579 6347453 36 -90 Y
IR 28 502947 6428252 54 -90 Y
IR 280 524609 6347553 78 -90 Y
IR 281 522929 6346823 70 -90 Y
IR 282 525609 6347393 48 -90 Y
IR 283 523709 6347353 54 -90 Y
IR 284 521030 6346773 60 -90 Y
IR 285 519210 6347273 54 -90 Y
IR 286 517529 6347373 66 -90 Y
IR 287 516429 6347223 84 -90 Y
IR 288 513479 6347373 54 -90 Y
IR 289 511569 6347303 24 -90 Y
IR 29 501342 6426989 30 -90 Y
IR 290 509669 6347273 72 -90 Y
IR 30 499937 6426241 38 -90 Y
IR 301 520279 6332473 78 -90 Y
IR 302 521909 6333223 78 -90 Y
IR 303 523629 6334153 84 -90 Y
IR 304 525179 6335723 72 -90 Y
IR 305 526529 6337023 66 -90 Y
IR 306 528059 6337923 42 -90 Y
IR 307 529779 6338173 42 -90 Y
IR 308A 531379 6338943 30 -90 Y
IR 309 533269 6339273 18 -90 Y
IR 31 498440 6425111 108 -90 Y
IR 310 535129 6340273 24 -90 Y
IR 311 536999 6341153 10 -90 Y
IR 311A 536999 6341153 10 -90 Y
IR 312 527680 6334373 46 -90 Y
IR 313 528750 6333773 48 -90 Y
IR 314 530529 6333353 32 -90 Y
IR 315 531779 6332573 36 -90 Y
IR 316 533819 6331253 30 -90 Y
IR 317 535249 6330453 42 -90 Y
IR 318 536579 6328923 54 -90 Y
IR 319 538429 6328323 42 -90 Y
IR 32 497904 6424660 99 -90 Y
IR 320 540154 6328253 54 -90 Y
IR 321 542010 6327853 42 -90 Y
IR 325 546780 6331373 52 -90 Y
IR 326 542030 6322563 66 -90 Y
IR 327 540279 6322293 48 -90 Y
IR 328 538549 6321893 66 -90 Y
IR 329 536704 6322023 54 -90 Y
IR 330 534860 6322443 72 -90 Y
IR 331 533129 6322913 40 -90 Y
IR 332 531209 6323653 60 -90 Y
IR 335 525640 6324753 90 -90 Y
IR 34 509372 6425223 42 -90 Y
IR 35 508985 6423377 72 -90 Y
IR 36 508401 6421608 72 -90 Y
IR 37 509987 6421027 78 -90 Y
IR 38 510197 6419332 82 -90 Y
IR 39 509435 6417490 90 -90 Y
IR 4 487092 6417404 96 -90 Y
IR 40 509015 6415625 76 -90 Y
IR 41 509709 6414109 84 -90 Y
IR 42 509807 6412612 94 -90 Y
IR 43 509251 6409823 94 -90 Y
IR 44 510523 6407337 68 -90 Y
IR 45 510878 6405001 64 -90 Y
IR 46 508101 6404346 52 -90 Y
IR 47 505347 6403901 66 -90 Y
IR 5 488590 6417886 128 -90 Y
IR 814 511829 6340498 60 -90 Y
IR 815 512629 6340323 60 -90 Y
IR 816 513429 6340223 52 -90 Y
IR 817 514404 6339903 80 -90 Y
IR 818 515479 6339573 80 -90 Y
IR 819 516409 6339273 76 -90 Y
IR 820 517450 6340023 85 -90 Y
IR 821 517934 6340773 80 -90 Y
IR 822 518809 6341373 41 -90 Y
IR 823 519229 6342523 65 -90 Y
IR 824 515654 6338553 70 -90 Y
IR 825 514779 6338023 70 -90 Y
IR 834 518854 6332273 38 -90 Y
IR 865 549529 6333823 57 -90 Y
IR 866 547780 6334373 66 -90 Y
IR 867 546109 6334843 38 -90 Y
IR 868 544179 6335073 34 -90 Y
IR 870 551229 6333573 52 -90 Y
IR 9A 494908 6422317 42 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 1 507379 6404323 26 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 10 509679 6412073 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 11 510229 6413073 18 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 12 509729 6414023 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 13 509379 6415223 18 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 2 510129 6404273 12 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 3 510929 6405273 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 4 510804 6406273 15 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 5 510529 6407273 27 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 6 510129 6408173 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 7 509405 6409223 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 8 509254 6410273 30 -90 Y
MC RC89CE 9 509279 6411173 14 -90 Y
SBU08007 510997 6347173 49 -90 Y
SBU09007 514798 6341824 71 -90 Y
SBU10002 528504 6333493 72 -90 Y
IR 825 514779 6338023 70 -90 Previous
IR 824 515654 6338553 70 -90 Previous
IR 823 519229 6342523 65 -90 Previous
IR 822 518809 6341373 41 -90 Previous
IR 308A 531379 6338943 30 -90 Previous
IR 307 529779 6338173 42 -90 Previous
IR 306 528059 6337923 42 -90 Previous
IR 305 526529 6337023 66 -90 Previous
IR 304 525179 6335723 72 -90 Previous
IR 303 523629 6334153 84 -90 Previous
IR 302 521909 6333223 78 -90 Previous
IR 301 520279 6332473 78 -90 Previous
IR 275 532179 6346223 48 -90 Previous
IR 276 530430 6346973 72 -90 Previous
IR 279 526579 6347453 36 -90 Previous
IR 280 524609 6347553 78 -90 Previous
IR 281 522929 6346823 70 -90 Previous
IR 285 519210 6347273 54 -90 Previous
IR 287 519210 6347223 84 -90 Previous
IR 297 519210 6345903 36 -90 Previous
IR 296 519210 6353123 42 -90 Previous
SBU05008 519210 6347243 82 -90 Previous
IR 295 519210 6351271 42 -90 Previous
IR 294 519210 6349571 48 -90 Previous
IR 293 519210 6347751 54 -90 Previous
IR 292 519210 6347531 54 -90 Previous
IR 291 519210 6347371 58 -90 Previous
Appendix 3: All reanalysis drillholes significant intersection results
Hole ID From (m) To (m) Int (m) TREO Pr6O11 Nd2O3 Tb2O3 Dy2O3 U3O8 ThO2
IR 34 12 30 18 720 31 104 2 11 5 24
incl. 18 20 2 2,546 112 371 5 25 9 27
IR 297 32 34 2 2,298 100 316 5 26 5 83
IR 276 44 52 8 1,095 55 187 3 18 9 14
incl. 48 50 2 2,676 137 479 8 42 5 14
and 50 52 2 449 20 69 1 7 6 14
IR 29 6 20 14 390 16 54 2 9 7 24
Incl. 6 10 4 555 21 73 2 14 7 27
IR 28 28 38 10 747 33 110 3 15 4 17
incl 32 34 2 1,087 47 159 4 26 5 21
and 38 40 2 311 14 43 1 5 2 11
IR 308A 16 30 14 673 31 102 2 9 3 26
IR 310 10 16 6 787 42 129 1 6 4 38
and 16 24 8 2,729 147 460 5 27 3 33
IR 824 38 40 2 136 5 20 0 2 15 7
and 42 44 2 416 20 68 1 6 4 22
and 44 66 22 195 8 27 0 3 4 15
and 66 70 4 553 36 139 2 10 2 11
IR 301 32 36 4 306 16 54 1 7 12 5
and 70 78 8 215 9 30 1 3 2 13
IR 278 40 46 6 391 15 47 1 5 7 14
IR 277 32 34 2 301 12 41 1 4 5 19
MC RC89CE 9 12 14 2 350 15 53 1 5 2 14
MC RC89CE 8 20 22 2 499 22 79 2 12 2 14
MC RC89CE 3 18 30 12 303 12 43 1 7 4 24
MC RC89CE 13 14 18 4 602 25 90 2 12 6 22
incl. 14 16 2 879 37 133 3 17 9 32
MC RC89CE 12 14 28 14 338 14 51 1 8 3 19
incl. 14 16 2 628 27 100 3 14 9 33
MC RC89CE 10 16 24 8 426 18 65 2 10 3 21
incl. 16 18 2 622 26 97 3 14 5 28
and 28 30 2 381 18 59 1 7 2 25
IR 279 20 26 6 407 18 61 1 5 17 18
Incl. 22 24 2 505 23 73 1 4 5 24
IR 280 28 32 4 322 15 49 1 5 12 20
IR 281 34 36 2 321 15 49 1 4 32 21
IR 307 10 12 2 144 5 17 0 3 2 7
and 16 20 4 119 5 18 1 3 1 9
and 32 42 10 430 18 57 1 5 3 24
IR 309 0 2 2 148 6 21 1 3 2 4
and 6 18 12 502 22 71 1 4 4 22
IR 866 26 28 2 406 18 63 2 9 4 13
IR 865 46 50 4 629 30 106 1 7 4 16
IR 311 0 2 2 464 24 78 1 6 1 9
IR 302 42 44 2 136 6 17 0 2 3 7
and 62 74 12 184 7 22 0 2 2 12
IR 303 40 42 2 124 6 19 0 2 1 3
and 58 74 16 166 5 17 0 1 1 9
incl. 58 68 10 158 5 15 0 1 1 7
IR 304 26 28 2 151 7 26 0 2 5 2
IR 305 24 26 2 137 6 22 0 2 3 10
and 40 42 2 137 6 19 0 2 3 8
and 48 66 18 185 6 20 0 2 4 29
incl. 48 56 8 175 7 23 0 3 6 14
IR 306 34 42 8 299 18 52 1 4 7 21
IR 311A 2 4 2 67 3 10 0 2 1 3
IR 819 36 44 8 235 11 37 1 3 11 16
and 44 70 26 252 10 33 1 3 3 13
and 70 76 6 267 10 38 1 7 3 15
IR 820 34 48 14 172 8 25 0 2 4 12
and 38 42 4 264 13 41 1 4 4 19
and 46 60 14 133 5 16 0 1 2 7
and 64 66 2 259 9 29 0 2 2 10
and 82 84 2 177 7 29 1 5 1 11
IR 821 26 28 2 234 10 36 1 5 2 3
and 34 42 8 263 12 38 1 3 10 18
and 58 68 10 208 7 25 0 2 2 10
and 70 80 10 721 19 73 1 7 2 11
IR 822 4 6 2 126 5 20 1 3 1 4
and 30 32 2 152 7 23 0 2 1 3
and 36 40 4 173 7 24 0 2 10 14
IR 823 58 60 2 203 10 32 1 3 3 13
and 62 65 3 261 14 43 1 4 1 9
IR 825 32 40 8 272 12 41 1 3 7 11
and 40 46 6 159 6 21 0 3 2 16
and 68 70 2 111 2 7 0 2 2 16
IR 275 40 42 2 276 13 46 1 4 2 31
IR 285 30 36 6 177 12 25 1 4 14 17
IR 287 36 40 4 270 12 39 1 4 8 17
SBU09007 37 44 7 272 12 38 1 4 7 18
and 50 53 3 234 8 24 0 2 2 10
and 59 63 4 271 11 35 1 3 4 14
SBU08007 26 27 1 394 11 41 1 6 11 20
IR 325 14 20 6 297 11 32 1 3 25 16
and 26 28 2 187 7 23 0 3 3 11
and 42 48 6 246 10 33 1 3 5 15
IR 335 44 48 4 453 20 71 2 11 12 23
and 58 62 4 334 10 31 1 3 9 6
IR 867 30 34 4 515 25 74 1 6 10 30
IR 818 38 46 8 382 15 47 1 5 5 22
and 52 54 2 341 11 33 0 2 3 13
and 60 62 2 302 10 34 1 3 4 13
IR 817 34 38 4 301 13 40 1 3 10 22
and 44 48 4 258 12 41 1 4 6 22
and 60 70 10 275 10 34 1 3 4 13
IR 816 34 42 8 285 12 39 1 4 12 20
IR 815 46 56 10 278 11 36 1 4 6 12
IR 814 38 42 4 291 13 45 1 6 11 12
IR 314 26 28 2 246 9 30 1 3 10 8
IR 286 32 38 6 284 11 40 1 5 35 19
IR 283 32 36 4 247 11 35 1 4 7 18
MC RC89CE 1 12 22 10 273 11 39 1 7 3 21
IR 9A 18 20 2 206 9 31 1 5 6 16
IR 46 12 24 12 263 11 37 1 6 5 22
IR 45 16 24 8 342 13 48 1 8 5 27
and 34 38 4 218 7 24 1 5 11 23
IR 44 34 40 6 355 13 47 1 8 3 25
and 52 56 4 210 8 26 1 6 5 22
and 60 68 8 462 19 63 1 6 2 7
IR 43 20 22 2 469 22 77 1 7 1 12
IR 42 14 30 16 310 13 46 1 7 3 19
and 34 36 2 326 14 49 1 6 2 19
and 64 68 4 209 9 28 1 4 4 15
IR 41 14 46 32 282 11 41 1 6 4 17
incl. 16 18 2 739 34 127 3 14 13 22
IR 40 20 44 24 263 11 38 1 6 3 19
and 54 56 2 204 9 30 1 5 5 20
IR 4 56 66 10 407 18 67 1 6 4 15
incl. 64 66 2 691 34 128 2 10 4 18
IR 39 8 26 18 393 16 59 2 9 3 23
incl. 8 12 4 577 25 91 2 12 3 18
and 32 40 8 318 12 41 1 6 3 24
and 78 82 4 209 6 22 0 3 1 11
IR 38 4 34 30 313 13 47 1 7 3 21
IR 37 18 30 12 319 14 47 1 6 3 22
IR 36 10 28 18 293 13 45 1 7 6 21
IR 35 26 36 10 318 14 48 1 7 8 23
and 42 46 4 258 12 40 1 6 7 19
IR 18 20 22 2 233 10 36 1 4 3 17
IR 17 16 20 4 245 10 34 1 6 8 18
IR 14 40 42 2 217 9 32 1 5 7 14
and 48 50 2 255 10 37 1 6 5 14
IR 12 28 34 6 202 8 29 1 5 7 12
IR 10 68 76 8 323 13 43 1 6 5 19
IR 296 40 42 2 244 11 33 0 2 3 16
SBU05008 52 55 3 819 45 187 5 25 65 1
incl. 52 53 1 1,317 69 297 8 46 145 2
and 74 77 3 812 47 157 2 13 3 10
and 80 81 1 520 23 81 2 12 2 8
IR 295 38 42 4 554 27 88 1 4 3 18
IR 294 40 44 4 512 25 82 1 7 3 19
IR 293 46 52 6 790 37 111 2 9 5 24
incl. 50 52 2 1,092 48 152 3 14 4 29
IR 292 44 46 2 334 15 53 1 6 10 17
IR 291 40 46 6 323 14 50 1 6 5 12
MC = Mount Centre
Appendix 5: JORC Code, 2012 Edition - Table 3
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling techniques · Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or Pre 2023
specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the
minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF · Historic Rotary Mud drilling targeting palaeochannel hosted
instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad uranium occurred from 1980 through to 2014 Residue samples were retained in
meaning of sampling. the Tonsley Core Library, downhole geophysical logging was the primary data
collected for these holes.
· Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity
and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used.
· Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to · Select historic sample residues over Yaninee Palaeochannel and
the Public Report. Boland were analysed as reported in RNS 1834M (26 April 2024)
· In cases where 'industry standard' work has been done this would be
relatively simple (eg 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m
samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire · Further re-analysis results have been reported within this
assay'). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there announcement
is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed
information.
2023
Aircore
· A combination of 2m and 3m samples were collected in green bags
via a rig mounted cyclone. A PVC spear was used to collect a 2-4kg sub sample
from each green bag. Sampling commenced from the collar point with samples
submitted for analysis from the top of saprolite.
· Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas Laboratories, Adelaide
and pulverized to produce a 4-acid digest sample.
2024-2025
SONIC
· Drill results are outlined in RNS 0297I (25 March 2024)
· Core was scanned by a SciAps X555 pXRF to determine sample
intervals. Intervals through mineralized zones were taken at 10cm. Through
waste, sample intervals were lengthened to 50cm. Core was halved by knife
cutting. XRF scan locations were taken on an inner surface of the core to
ensure readings were taken on fresh sample faces.
· Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas Laboratories, Adelaide
and pulverized to produce a 4 acid digest sample.
Aircore
· 1m sample intervals of 2-4 kg were taken via PVC spear from green
bags at the rig. Select samples were submitted to the lab for analysis. From
0-6 m in each hole samples were composited to 3m.
· Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas Laboratories, Adelaide
and pulverized to produce a 4 acid digest sample.
Drilling techniques · Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary Drilling completed by Cobra, but not relevant to the results reported within
air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or this announcement include:
standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type,
whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
Pre 2023
· Drill methods include Rotary Mud and AC
2023
· Drilling completed by McLeod Drilling Pty Ltd using 75.7mm NQ air
core drilling techniques from an ALMET aircore rig mounted on a Toyota
Landcruiser 6x6 and a 200psi, 400cfm Sullair compressor.
2024-2025
· Sizing analyses completed by the CSIRO and reported within this
announcement are from sonic drilling samples.
· Sonic Core drilling completed Star Drilling using 4" core with a
SDR12 drill rig. Holes were reamed to 6" or 8" to enable casing and screens to
be installed
Historical Drilling, Re-assay Results
· Rotary mud drilling was used by previous explorers to test
Palaeochannel sediments for roll-front uranium.
· Bentonite muds are added to drilling fluids to lift sample from
the hole.
· The methods for Rotary Mud are not well reported, however it is
expected that 2m samples would have been recovered from a collar discharge
channel via shovel.
· The primary focus of the drilling would have been to provide hole
stability for geophysical probes to be lowered downhole.
Drill sample recovery · Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and · Samples collected from the Drill Core Reference Library from
results assessed. historic Rotary Mud and Aircore drilling have uncertain sample collection
methods. These drill methods can result in a bias towards coarser sediment
· Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative portions sampled as drilling fluids used lift the sample through the open hole
nature of the samples. and deposit sample within a discharge channel. Rare earth mineralization is
associated with the finer fractions of these sedimentary systems, a large
· Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and portion of finer (mineralised) material would likely be discharged to the
whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of sump. Rotary mud samples are expected to under-report the fine fraction
fine/coarse material. associated rare earth mineralisation and are considered qualitative.
· Aircore Sample recovery is good for the style of drilling. All
samples were recorded for sample type, quality and contamination potential and
entered within a sample log.
· In general, sample recoveries range between 5-10kg for each 1 m
interval being recovered from AC drilling.
· Mineralisation occurs within a confined aquifer where ground
water does influence sample recovery
· Mineralisation within the targeted Pidinga Formation is bound to
fine, organic rich material, the potential loss of mineralized material from
coarser host sands is possible
· Any grade bias is expected to be grade loss
· The potential loss of fine material is being evaluated by sizing
fraction analysis and follow-up sonic core drilling where aircore holes will
be twinned.
Sonic Core
· Sample recovery is considered excellent.
· Due to the nature of smectite clays, recovered unconsolidated
core can expand and "stretch" in length.
· Any expansion in core length has been reflected in meterage
markup by averaging the increase in length per 3m of rod recovery.
· Little to no expansion is experienced through the mineralised
Pidinga Formation.
Logging · Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and
geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. · Historic logging is generally good. Stratigraphy has been
reviewed and is generally reflective of Cobra sample re-assessment. Logging is
· Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or limited to the 2m sample interval in general with historic gamma logging
costean, channel, etc) photography. indicative of internal heterogeneity in sediments lost within the 2m interval
· The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. · All drill samples were logged by a qualified geologist at the
time of drilling. Lithology, colour, weathering and moisture were documented.
All core drilled has been lithologically logged.
· All Aircore drill metres have been geologically logged on sample
intervals (1-3 m).
· All Sonic Core drill metres have been logged to lithological
boundaries.
Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation · If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core Pre 2023
taken.
· Historic Residue samples are generally 2m composites and were
· If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and stored at the South Australian Drill Core Reference Library at Tonsley, a
whether sampled wet or dry. subsample of approximately 20g was removed for lab submission.
· For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the · Sample selection was based on geological observation and selected
sample preparation technique. for lab submission
· Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to · No QAQC samples were included in the submission of these samples.
maximise representivity of samples. Sample results were intended to indicate mineralisation potential but would
not be suitable for resource estimation
· Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the
in situ material collected, including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
Post 2023
· Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the
material being sampled. · A PVC spear was used to collect 2-4kg of sub-sample from each AC
sample length controlled the sample volume submitted to the lab.
· Additional sub-sampling was performed through the preparation and
processing of samples according to the Bureau Veritas internal protocols.
· Field duplicate AC samples were collected from the green bags
using a PVC spear scoop at a 1 in 25 sample frequency.
· Sample sizes are considered appropriate for the material being
sampled.
· Assessment of duplicate results indicated this sub - sample
method provided appropriate repeatability for rare earths.
Sonic Drilling
· Field duplicate samples were taken nominally every 1 in 25
samples where the sampled interval was quartered.
· Blanks and Standards were submitted every 25 samples
· Half core samples were taken where lab geochemistry sample were
taken in 2024.
· For 2025 drilling, quarter core was submitted to the lab for
geochemical testing.
· In holes where only column leach test samples have been
submitted, full core samples have been submitted. In holes where geochemical
samples were submitted three quarter core samples were submitted for column
leach testing..
Quality of assay data and laboratory tests · The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and
laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or
total. · Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas, Adelaide for
preparation and analysis. Multi-element geochemistry were digested by four
· For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, acid ICP-MS/ ICP-OES and analysed for Ag, Ce, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu,
the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and Mg, Na, Nd, P, Pr, Sc, Sm, Tb, Th, Tm, U, Y and Yb.
model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.
· Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks,
duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of · Field rare earth standards were submitted at a frequency of 1 in
accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. 25 samples.
· Field duplicate samples were submitted at a frequency of 1 in 25
samples.
· Reported assays pass the companies implemented QAQC database
reports
· Internal lab blanks, standards and repeats for rare earths
indicated acceptable assay accuracy.
Sample Characterisation Test Work performed by the Australian Nuclear Science
and Technology Organisation (ANSTO)
· Full core samples were submitted to Australian Nuclear Science
and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney for preparation and analysis. The
core was split in half along the vertical axis, and one half further split
into 10 even fractions along the length of the half-core. Additional
sub-sampling, homogenisation and drying steps were performed to generate ~260
g (dry equivalent) samples for head assay according to the laboratory internal
protocols.
· Multi element geochemistry of solid samples were analysed at
ANSTO (Sydney) by XRF for the major gangue elements Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na,
Ni, P, Si, S, and Zn.
· Multi element geochemistry of solid samples were additionally
analysed at ALS Geochemistry Laboratory (Brisbane) on behalf of ANSTO by
lithium tetraborate digest ICP-MS and analysed for Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho,
La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tb, Th, Tm, U, Y and Yb.
· Reported assays are to acceptable levels of accuracy and
precision.
· Internal laboratory blanks, standards and repeats for rare earths
indicated acceptable assay accuracy.
· Samples retained for metallurgical analysis were immediately
vacuum packed, nitrogen purged and refrigerated.
· These samples were refrigerated throughout transport.
Metallurgical Leach Test Work performed by the Australian Nuclear Science and
Technology Organisation (ANSTO)
· ANSTO laboratories prepared ~80g samples for diagnostic leaches, a
443g sample for a slurry leach and a 660g sample for a column leach.
Sub-samples were prepared from full cores according to the laboratory internal
protocols. Diagnostic and slurry leaching were carried out in baffled leach
vessels equipped with an overhead stirrer and applying a 0.5 M (NH4)2SO4
lixiviant solution, adjusted to the select pH using H2SO4.
· 0.5 M H2SO4 was utilised to maintain the test pH for the duration of
the test, if necessary. The acid addition was measured.
· Thief liquor samples were taken periodically.
· At the completion of each test, the final pH was measured, the slurry
was vacuum filtered to separate the primary filtrate.
· The thief samples and primary filtrate were analysed as follows:
o ICP-MS for Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Mn, Nd, Pb, Pr, Sc, Sm, Tb, Th,
Tm, U, Y, Yb.
o ICP-OES for Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Si.
· The water wash was stored but not analysed.
· Column leaching was carried out in horizontal leaching column. The
column was pressurised with nitrogen to 6 bar and submerged in a temperature
controlled bath.
· A 0.5 M (NH4)2SO4 lixiviant solution, adjusted to the select pH using
H2SO4 was fed to the column at a controlled flowrate.
· PLS collected from the end of the column was weighed, the SH and pH
measured and the free acid concentration determined by titration. Liquor
samples were taken from the collected PLS and analysed as follows:
o ICP-MS for Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Mn, Nd, Pb, Pr, Sc, Sm, Tb, Th,
Tm, U, Y, Yb.
o ICP-OES for Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Si.
· The column leach test has been completed. Assays of the column have
adjusted head grades of the initial bench scale study. Recoveries have been
adjusted accordingly.
Verification of sampling and assaying · The verification of significant intersections by either independent · Historic samples were checked against the "SARIG" drillhole
or alternative company personnel. database to confirm drillhole depths. Each sample was weighed and photographed
with the core library sample container, the lab submitted sample container and
· The use of twinned holes. the sample placed in the lab sample container to check for manual errors.
Samples and drillhole photographs were entered into Cobra's MX Deposit
· Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data database during sample collection and a record was submitted to the core
verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. library for their records.
· Discuss any adjustment to assay data. · Sampling data was recorded in field books, checked upon
digitising and transferred to database.
· Geological logging was undertaken digitally via the MX Deposit
logging interface and synchronised to the database at least daily during the
drill programme.
· Compositing of assays was undertaken and reviewed by Cobra
Resources staff.
· Original copies of laboratory assay data are retained digitally
on the Cobra Resources server for future reference.
· Samples have been spatially verified through the use of Datamine
and Leapfrog geological software for pre 2021 and post 2021 samples and
assays.
· Twinned drillholes from pre 2021 and post 2021 drill programs
showed acceptable spatial and grade repeatability.
· Physical copies of field sampling books are retained by Cobra
Resources for future reference.
· Significant intersections have been prepared by Mr Robert
Blythman and reviewed by Mr Rupert Verco
Location of data points · Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar
and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in
Mineral Resource estimation. Pre-2021
· Specification of the grid system used. · Historic re-analysis holes are considered indicative with
reported accuracy greater than 50m. elevation for these holes has not been
· Quality and adequacy of topographic control. acquired.
2021-2023
· Collar locations were initially surveyed using a mobile phone
utilising the Avenza Map app. Collar points recorded with a GPS horizontal
accuracy within 5 m.
· RC Collar locations were picked up using a Leica CS20 base and
Rover with an instrument precision of 0.05 cm accuracy.
· Locations are recorded in geodetic datum GDA 94 zone 53.
· No downhole surveying was undertaken on AC holes. All holes were
set up vertically and are assumed vertical.
· RC holes have been down hole surveyed using a Reflex TN-14 true
north seeking downhole survey tool or Reflex multishot
· Downhole surveys were assessed for quality prior to export of
data. Poor quality surveys were downgraded in the database to be excluded from
export.
· All surveys are corrected to MGA 94 Zone 53 within the MX Deposit
database.
· Cased collars of sonic drilling shall be surveyed before a
mineral resource estimate
2024 Aircore
· Collar locations were initially surveyed using A mobile phone GPS
utilising the Avenza Map app. Collar points recorded with a horizontal
accuracy within 5m.
· Locations are recorded in geodetic datum GDA 94 zone 53.
· No downhole surveying was undertaken on AC or Sonic holes. All
holes were set up vertically and are assumed vertical.
· Higher accuracy GPS will be undertaken on sonic core drilling to
support future resource estimates
Data spacing and distribution · Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. · Historic samples are variably distributed and were located
opportunistically in areas of easy access with spacing typically at least
· Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish hundreds of metres apart on section and kilometres apart in between transects.
the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. ·
· Whether sample compositing has been applied. · Drillhole spacing was designed on transects 200 to 500m apart.
· Additional scouting holes were drilled opportunistically on
existing tracks at spacings 25-150 m from previous drillholes.
· Sonic core holes were drilled at ~20m spacings in a wellfield
configuration based on assumed permeability potential of the intersected
geology
· Drillhole spacing is not expected to introduce any sample bias.
· Assessment of the drillhole spacing for resource estimation will be
made once a sufficient data set can provide statistical analysis
· .
Orientation of data in relation to geological structure · Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of · Historic holes are reported as vertical.
possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the
deposit type. · Aircore and Sonic drill holes are vertical.
· If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the
orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a
sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
Sample security · The measures taken to ensure sample security. · Historic samples were collected at the drill core reference library
and submitted by Cobra staff to the lab directly. Samples held prior to
submission were held within a locked storage facility.
· Transport of samples to Adelaide was undertaken by a competent
independent contractor. Samples were packaged in zip tied polyweave bags in
bundles of 5 samples at the drill rig and transported in larger bulka bags by
batch while being transported.
· Refrigerated transport of samples to Sydney was undertaken by a
competent independent contractor. Samples were double bagged, vacuum sealed,
nitrogen purged and placed within PVC piping.
· There is no suspicion of tampering of samples.
Audits or reviews · The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. · No laboratory audit or review has been undertaken.
· Genalysis Intertek and BV Laboratories Adelaide are NATA (National
Association of Testing Authorities) accredited laboratory, recognition of
their analytical competence.
Appendix 6: Section 2 reporting of exploration results
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral tenement and land tenure status · Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including · In May 2025 Cobra Announsed the rights to acquire a 100% interest
agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, in EL 6742, EL 6774 and EL 6780 from the Tri-Star Group.
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites,
wilderness or national park and environmental settings. · These tenements are subjects to milestone payments relating to
the delivery of a JORC compliant resource and the retention of the Els for
· The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along greater than fiver years.
with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
· A net smelter royalty of 1.5%, capped at A$5.0 million as
outlined in RNS number 2038K
· Boland is located on EL5953, currently owned 100% by Peninsula
Resources limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Andromeda Metals Limited.
· In 2024, Cobra through its subsidiary Lady Alice Mines purchased
the remaining ownership of the Wudinna Project tenements.
· An application through partial surrender is currently with the
South Australian Government which will see LAM as the 100% owner of areas of
the Wudinna Project.
· Alcrest Royalties Australia Pty Ltd retains a 1.5% NSR royalty
over future mineral production from licenses EL6001, EL5953, EL6131, EL6317
and EL6489.
· A Native Title Agreement is in place with the Barngarla people.
· Aboriginal heritage surveys have been completed over EL5953, with
no sites located in the immediate vicinity of aircore drilling
Exploration done by other parties · Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. · On-ground exploration completed prior to Andromeda Metals' work
was limited to 400 m spaced soil geochemistry completed by Newcrest Mining
Limited over the Barns prospect.
· Other than the flying of regional airborne geophysics and coarse
spaced ground gravity, there has been no recorded exploration in the vicinity
of the Baggy Green deposit prior to Andromeda Metals' work.
· Palaeochannel uranium exploration was undertaken by various
parties in the 1980s and the 2010s around the Boland Prospect. Drilling was
primarily rotary mud with downhole geophysical logging the primary
interpretation method.
Geology · Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. · Target mineralisation is ionic rare earth mineralisation that
occurs primarily within the Pidinga Formation within the Narlaby
Palaeochannel, immediately above REE enriched Hiltaba Suite Granites
· Ionic REE mineralisation also occurs in and adjacent to the
Garford formation clays and silty sands.
· Significant chemical (pH & eH) differences exist between
underlying saprolite and overlying Palaeochannel sediments. REEs are absorbed
to reduced organics found within the Pidinga Formation
· Benchtop metallurgy studies indicate ISR amenability of rare
earths within the Pidinga Formation basal sands summarized in RNS 1285Q (16
December 2024)
· Ionic REE mineralisation is confirmed through metallurgical
desorption testing where high recoveries are achieved at benign acidities
(pH4-3) at ambient temperature.
· QEMSCAN and petrology analysis support REE ionic mineralisation,
with little to no secondary phases identified.
· Ionic REE mineralisation occurs in reduced clay intervals that
contact both saprolite and permeable sand units. Mineralisation contains
variable sand quantities that yield permeability and promote in-situ recovery
potential
· Mineralisation is located within a confined aquifer
Drillhole Information · A summary of all information material to the understanding of the · Exploration results being reported represent historical drilling
exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for performed by previous companies. Reported hole locations are based upon SARIG
all Material drill holes: database locations. Where possible, coordinates have been validated against
source envelopes.
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level - elevation above sea level in metres) of
the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
· If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis
that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from
the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain
why this is the case.
Data aggregation methods · In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, · Reported summary intercepts are weighted averages based on
maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high grades) and length.
cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated.
· No maximum/ minimum grade cuts have been applied.
· Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high
grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for · No metal equivalent values have been calculated.
such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such
aggregations should be shown in detail. · Rare earth element analyses were originally reported in elemental
form and have been converted to relevant oxide concentrations in line with
· The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values industry standards. Conversion factors tabulated below:
should be clearly stated.
Element Oxide Factor
Cerium CeO2 1.2284
Dysprosium Dy2O3 1.1477
Erbium Er2O3 1.1435
Europium Eu2O3 1.1579
Gadolinium Gd2O3 1.1526
Holmium Ho2O3 1.1455
Lanthanum La2O3 1.1728
Lutetium Lu2O3 1.1371
Neodymium Nd2O3 1.1664
Praseodymium Pr6O11 1.2082
Scandium Sc2O3 1.5338
Samarium Sm2O3 1.1596
Terbium Tb4O7 1.1762
Thulium Tm2O3 1.1421
Yttrium Y2O3 1.2699
Ytterbium Yb2O3 1.1387
· The reporting of REE oxides is done so in accordance with
industry standards with the following calculations applied:
· TREO = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11 + Nd2O3 + Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 +
Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho2O3 + Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb2O3 + Lu2O3 + Y2O3
· CREO = Nd2O3 + Eu2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Y2O3
· LREO = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11 + Nd2O3
· HREO = Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 + Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho2O3 +
Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb2O3 + Lu2O3 + Y2O3
· MREO = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3
· NdPr = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11
· TREO-Ce = TREO - CeO2
· % Nd = Nd2O3/ TREO
· % Pr = Pr6O11/TREO
· % Dy = Dy2O3/TREO
· % HREO = HREO/TREO
· % LREO = LREO/TREO
· XRF results are used as an indication of potential grade only.
Due to detection limits only a combined content of Ce, La, Nd, Pr & Y has
been used. XRF grades have not been converted to oxide.
Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths · These relationships are particularly important in the reporting · Preliminary results support unbiased testing of the mineralised
of Exploration Results. system.
· If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill · Most intercepts are vertical and reflect true width intercepts.
hole angle is known, its nature should be reported.
· Follow-up sonic drilling is planned to delineate portions of the
· If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, reported intersections that are recoverable and unrecoverable via ISR
there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg 'down hole length, true
width not known').
Diagrams · Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of · Relevant diagrams have been included in the announcement.
intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported
These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar · Exploration results are not being reported for existing mineral
locations and appropriate sectional views. resources.
· Drilling is aimed at defining new exploration targets
Balanced reporting · Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not · REE mineralization occurs in several phases, ionic mineralisation
practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or occurs within the Pidinga Formation and the Garford Formation where ISR
widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration recovery is possible. REO values within all formations have been reported.
Results. Mineralisation occurring within the saprolite is considered secondary phase
and colloidal mineralization but is indicative of a rare earth enriched system
Other substantive exploration data · Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be · Refer to previous announcements listed in RNS for reporting of
reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical REE results and metallurgical testing
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples - size and method of
treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical
and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.
Further work · The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for · Further drill core reference library results are pending
lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
· Drill planning, including the requisite approvals are anticipated
· Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, to follow the return of the upcoming assay results
including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas,
provided this information is not commercially sensitive. · ISR study 1 was performed to achieve a pH 3 whilst ISR study 2
was performed at a pH of 3.
· Future metallurgical testing will focus on optimizing a current
flow-sheet, investigating Light REE removal through pre-condition leaching and
oxidation. Further studies are planned for impurity precipitation and
· Hydrology, permeability and mineralogy studies are being
performed on core samples.
· Installed wells are being used to capture hydrology base line
data to support a future infield pilot study.
· Trace line tests shall be performed to emulate bench scale pore
volumes.
· The reporting of REE oxides is done so in accordance with
industry standards with the following calculations applied:
· TREO = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11 + Nd2O3 + Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 +
Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho2O3 + Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb2O3 + Lu2O3 + Y2O3
· CREO = Nd2O3 + Eu2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Y2O3
· LREO = La2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11 + Nd2O3
· HREO = Sm2O3 + Eu2O3 + Gd2O3 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho2O3 +
Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb2O3 + Lu2O3 + Y2O3
· MREO = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11 + Tb4O7 + Dy2O3
· NdPr = Nd2O3 + Pr6O11
· TREO-Ce = TREO - CeO2
· % Nd = Nd2O3/ TREO
· % Pr = Pr6O11/TREO
· % Dy = Dy2O3/TREO
· % HREO = HREO/TREO
· % LREO = LREO/TREO
· XRF results are used as an indication of potential grade only.
Due to detection limits only a combined content of Ce, La, Nd, Pr & Y has
been used. XRF grades have not been converted to oxide.
Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths
· These relationships are particularly important in the reporting
of Exploration Results.
· If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill
hole angle is known, its nature should be reported.
· If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported,
there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg 'down hole length, true
width not known').
· Preliminary results support unbiased testing of the mineralised
system.
· Most intercepts are vertical and reflect true width intercepts.
· Follow-up sonic drilling is planned to delineate portions of the
reported intersections that are recoverable and unrecoverable via ISR
Diagrams
· Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of
intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported
These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar
locations and appropriate sectional views.
· Relevant diagrams have been included in the announcement.
· Exploration results are not being reported for existing mineral
resources.
· Drilling is aimed at defining new exploration targets
Balanced reporting
· Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not
practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or
widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
· REE mineralization occurs in several phases, ionic mineralisation
occurs within the Pidinga Formation and the Garford Formation where ISR
recovery is possible. REO values within all formations have been reported.
Mineralisation occurring within the saprolite is considered secondary phase
and colloidal mineralization but is indicative of a rare earth enriched system
Other substantive exploration data
· Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be
reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples - size and method of
treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical
and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.
· Refer to previous announcements listed in RNS for reporting of
REE results and metallurgical testing
Further work
· The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for
lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
· Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions,
including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas,
provided this information is not commercially sensitive.
· Further drill core reference library results are pending
· Drill planning, including the requisite approvals are anticipated
to follow the return of the upcoming assay results
· ISR study 1 was performed to achieve a pH 3 whilst ISR study 2
was performed at a pH of 3.
· Future metallurgical testing will focus on optimizing a current
flow-sheet, investigating Light REE removal through pre-condition leaching and
oxidation. Further studies are planned for impurity precipitation and
· Hydrology, permeability and mineralogy studies are being
performed on core samples.
· Installed wells are being used to capture hydrology base line
data to support a future infield pilot study.
· Trace line tests shall be performed to emulate bench scale pore
volumes.
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