REG - Manx Financial Group - Final Results
21/03/2023 07:00
For best results when printing this announcement, please click on link below:
http://newsfile.refinitiv.com/getnewsfile/v1/story?guid=urn:newsml:reuters.com:20230321:nRSU5901Ta&default-theme=true
RNS Number : 5901T Manx Financial Group PLC 21 March 2023
FOR IMMEDIATE
RELEASE
21(st) March 2023
Manx Financial Group PLC (the 'Company' or the 'Group')
Report and accounts for the year ended 31 December 2022
Manx Financial Group PLC (LSE: MFX), the financial services group which
includes Conister Bank Limited, Conister Finance & Leasing Ltd, Blue Star
Business Solutions Limited, Edgewater Associates Limited and MFX Limited
presents its audited final results for the year ended 31 December 2022.
Jim Mellon, Executive Chairman, commented: " The year's financial performance
sets a record despite the continued economic uncertainty in the Isle of Man
and the UK throughout 2022. Profit before tax payable increased by £2.2
million to £5.2 million, an increase of over 70%. As a result, we are
well-positioned to support the growth in profitability for 2023."
The 2022 Audited Annual Report and Accounts will be posted to Shareholders and
will be available from the Company's website www.mfg.im (http://www.mfg.im/)
shortly. Details concerning the 2023 Annual General Meeting will be
announced in due course.
This announcement contains inside information for the purposes of Article 7 of
EU Regulation No. 596/2014 on market abuse. Upon the publication of this
announcement via a Regulatory Information Service, this inside information is
now considered to be in the public domain.
For further information, please contact:
Manx Financial Group PLC Beaumont Cornish Limited Greentarget Limited
Denham Eke, Roland Cornish/James Biddle Jamie Brownlee
Executive Vice Chairman Tel +44 (0) 20 7628 3396 Tel +44 (0) 20 3307 5726
Tel +44 (0)1624 694694
Dear Shareholders
Introduction
In my report last year, I discussed the negative economic environment and how
it would result in higher interest rates and higher inflation despite a tight
employment market. With the Isle of Man and UK economy now proving more
resilient, with inflation falling faster than expected, and the labour market
remaining robust, it appears likely that the Bank of England will avoid
declaring a further interest rate rise. Indeed, in now looks as if the UK will
avoid a recession altogether. Notwithstanding, I also predicted that excellent
acquisition opportunities would arise in this environment, and I still believe
this to be the case, and that our strengthened balance sheet positions us well
to take advantage of them.
Our principal operating subsidiaries' strategy of growth through gaining
market share in recession-proof markets, both organically and through
acquisition, has allowed us this year to take advantage of opportunities in a
prudent and compliant manner. In our Interims, I was pleased to report our
strongest profit before tax payable in more than a decade and now I am equally
pleased to report a record full-year profit before tax payable of £5.2
million (2021: £3.0 million) - an increase of 71.2%.
These record results have improved our balance sheet by £70.5 million to
£379.3 million (2021: 308.8 million) and our shareholder equity by £4.8
million to £29.8 million (2021: £25.0 million). This further underpins the
Board's commitment to return 10.0% of the Group's profit available to
shareholders each year in the form of cash and shares. This year, the total
dividend available for payment is £0.433 million (2021: £0.279 million).
Thus, the amount recommended for shareholder approval will be 0.3764 pence per
share (2021: 0.2443 pence per share), a 54.1% uplift, as we continue to reward
our loyal shareholders.
Financial Performance
This year's financial performance is a record year despite the continued
economic uncertainty in the Isle of Man and the UK. Profit before tax payable
increased by £2.2 million to £5.2 million (2021: £3.0 million), a growth of
over 70%. For the second year running, Conister Bank Limited set a new lending
milestone of £231.4 million (2021: £212.6 million), an increase of 8.8%.
Whilst the cost of deposits increased in the second half of the year as the
Bank of England increased interest rates to dampen inflationary pressures, the
Group improved its Net Interest Margin by £6.4 million to £24.4 million
(2021: £18.0 million). With other subsidiaries making a positive
contribution, notably Conister Finance & Leasing Limited, MFX Limited and
Payment Assist Limited, this resulted in Operating Income of £26.1 million
(2021: £20.0 million), despite last year benefitting from a £0.7 million
revaluation credit.
Operating Expenses, excluding provisions, increased by £4.3 million to £16.9
million (2021: £12.6 million), with £2.6 million relating to incremental
personnel expenses, driven by acquisitions and further investment in our UK
headcount, in readiness of receiving our recently applied for UK Branch
deposit taking licence. The balance, £1.7 million, relates to further IT
investment; increased travel costs post the pandemic; general overheads; and
the impairment of a portion of the goodwill carried in respect of our Isle of
Man based IFA. Impairments reduced by £0.4 million to £4.0 million (2021:
£4.4 million) and total overheads, including operating expenses and
impairments, increased by £3.9 million to £20.9 million (2021: £17.0
million). Our Profit Before Tax ratio, measured as profit before tax as a
percentage of total income, improved by 3.7% to 17.0% (2021: 13.3%). Another
key operational efficiency measure, our Loan to Deposit ratio, also improved,
this time by 5.4% to 95.8% (2021: 90.4%).
Turning to our balance sheet, our Total Assets increased by £70.5 million to
£379.3 million (2021: £308.8 million), a growth of 22.8%. This was driven
mostly by a £62.2 million increase in our loan book. As part of our prudent
approach to maintaining our balance sheet, we continue to value any government
backed assets monthly on a mark-to-market basis so that their carrying value
always reflects their true current market value. Our Isle of Man depositors
continued to support the business, with deposits increasing by £50.7 million
to £304.2 million (2021: £253.5 million). Total Liabilities stood at £349.5
million (2021: £283.8 million), leading to an increase in total equity of
£4.8 million to £29.8 million (2021: £25.0 million). A measure of the
Company's financial wellbeing, our Debt to Asset ratio, which we measure on a
conservative basis as being total debt as a percentage of total tangible
assets (discounting goodwill and intangibles) remains robust at 91.7% (2021:
92.4%), meaning our liabilities are covered by assets 1.1 times (2021: 1.1
times).
Key Objectives
Whilst the drivers of economic uncertainty have shifted over the last four
years, our key objective of safely growing shareholder value has remained
unchanged. Thus, our strategic focus has continued to be as previously
reported, namely to:
· Provide the highest quality of service throughout our
operations to all customers, ensuring that their treatment is both fair and
appropriate;
· Adopt a pro-active strategy to managing risk within a
structured and compliant manner;
· Concentrate on developing our core business by
considered acquisitions, increasing prudential lending, and augmenting the
range of financial services we offer;
· Prudently progress the implementation of an enhanced
and scalable IT infrastructure to better service the operational requirements
of a growing Group without the requirement for a disproportionate increase in
headcount and other associated operational costs;
· Continue to develop our Treasury management to improve
the return on the liability side of our balance sheet; and
· Manage our balance sheet to exceed the regulatory
requirements for capital adequacy.
Our Strategic Report is set out in greater detail later in these accounts. Our
approach to Risk Management is set out later in these accounts.
Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance
Climate change presents financial and reputational risks for the financial
services industry. The Board consider climate change a material risk as per
the Board-approved risk appetite framework, which provides a structured
approach to risk-taking within agreed boundaries. The assessment framework is
proportional at present, but it will develop over time as the Group generates
further resources, and industry consensus emerges. Whilst it is difficult to
assess how climate change will unfold, the Group is continually assessing
various risk exposures. Both Isle of Man and the UK have committed to cut
their greenhouse gas emissions to "net-zero" by 2050. There is growing
consensus that an orderly transition to a low-carbon economy will bring
substantial adjustments to the global economy, which will have financial
implications while bringing risks and opportunities. The risk assessment
process has been integrated into our existing risk frameworks and will be
governed through the various risk governance structures, including review and
recommendations by the Group's Risk Committee.
The Group is continuously developing a suitable strategic approach to climate
change and the unique challenges it poses. In addition to the modelling of
various scenarios and various governance reviews, the Group will continue to
monitor requirements through its relationship with UK Finance and the
equivalent Isle of Man forums.
Our Corporate Governance Report and a review of our compliance with the
principles of the Quoted Companies Alliance Code is set out in greater detail
later in these accounts. A more detailed review of our ESG compliance is set
out on later in these accounts.
Conister Bank Limited and Conister Finance and Leasing Limited
Both the Bank and CF&L continued to progress with prudent lending
strategies, with the loan book increasing by £57.7 million to £292.1 million
(2021: £234.4 million). We recorded growth in both of our markets, namely,
our home market, the Isle of Man, and the UK.
The Isle of Man market's demand for loan finance has virtually returned to its
pre-pandemic levels, and the Bank has improved its market share through
flexible online offerings. On Island, the Bank lent a record £50.5 million
(2021: £42.9 million) to consumers and Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
("SMEs"), with over 65.0% (2021: 60.0%) of this originating from our online
portal.
In the UK, the Bank lent £150.0 million (2021: £114.1 million) in its
Structured Finance division, which has been identified as a future key area of
growth for the Bank. These products are designed in such a manner as to
provide the Bank with additional collateral enhancements. This allows the Bank
to hold lower loss provisions, supporting its demonstrable history of safe
lending in this market.
With Government guarantee support schemes tapering off, it is encouraging to
see our UK SME Broker division return to pre-Covid levels of lending of £30.9
million (2021: £11.1 million). These guarantee schemes were an important
lending stream for the Bank.
The Bank continues to seek acquisitions that provide access to niche lending
markets in the UK. By owning the customer, the Bank continued its strategy to
reduce its reliance on other introducers and their expensive commissions. In
the last year, I am pleased to say that whilst interest income increased by
£3.3 million to £25.3 million (2021: £22.0 million), commissions decreased
by 6.6%, or £0.3 million, to £3.2 million (2021: £3.5 million).
The Bank's Isle of Man depositor base remains very loyal, with a retention
rate in excess of 78.0% (2021: 70.0%). Whilst we continue to introduce new
products for this market, it remains our intention to reduce our on-Island
reliance. As such, we have embarked on an application to the PRA to raise UK
deposits through a UK Branch licence.
During the year, the Bank continued to attract deposits to fund lending, with
deposits from customers increasing to £304.2 million (2021: £253.5 million),
improving the Loan-to-Deposit ratio efficiency to 96.0% (2021: 92.5%). This
helped to offset the rising interest rates, driven by the Bank of England base
rate increases in its attempt to curb inflation. The Bank's average cost of
funds at the end of the year had increased to 2.4% (2021: 1.5%). The Bank
continues to hold significant cash reserves and debt securities totalling
£57.9 million (2021: £58.5 million).
Turning to overheads, personnel expenses increased by £1.0 million,
reflecting the additional staff costs associated with our UK growth strategy,
but overall, overheads decreased to £8.0 million (2021: £8.3 million).
Despite loan book growth of £57.7 million, provisioning decreased by £0.9
million to £3.4 million (2021: £4.3 million), reflecting the emergence from
Covid related stresses in the credit book. Depreciation and amortisation
narrowly fell by £0.1 million to £0.5 million (2021: £0.6 million). In
total, the Bank's cost base increased by £0.6 million to £13.8 million
(2021: £13.2 million), but driven by the increase in Net Interest Margin, the
Bank's profit before tax margin increased by 3.4% to 8.2% (2021: 4.8%).
Total assets grew by £57.9 million to £354.7 million (2021: £296.8
million), a growth of 19.5%. Shareholder funds increased by £3.4 million to
£34.6 million (2021: £31.2 million). The CET1 ratio reduced by 2.8% to 12.4%
(2021: 15.2%), in line with loan book growth - a figure which is a prudent
3.9% above the Bank's regulatory minimum of 8.5%.
Edgewater Associates Limited
We have re-focused and resourced this business to meet the demands of
legislation relating to the provision of regulated financial advice on the
Isle of Man. In addition, through a project to improve our technology, our
customer segmentation will allow an improved customer focused journey, which
will also deliver operational efficiencies. In light of these two projects,
revenue and profitability has remained fairly consistent year-on-year.
Manx FX Limited
Our foreign exchange advisory continued to perform positively and recorded a
record profit for the year of £1.4 million (2021: £1.2 million), with a
marginal reduction in its Cost-to-Income ratio to 18.5% (2020: 18.8%). This is
a highly cash-generative business which contributed £1.8 million (2021: £1.0
million) to the Group's treasury.
Blue Star Business Solutions Limited
Despite the challenging economic environment, Blue Star grew its brokered
lending in the year by £0.7 million to £15.0 million (2021: £14.3 million).
Of the total advanced, the Bank wrote £7.6 million (2021: £8.8 million),
with the balance being passed to other funders - this business model will be
developed in 2023 as a safe haven for growth for the Group.
The business was profitable in its own right and contributed £0.7 million
(2021: £0.5 million) to the Group's operating income this year.
Ninkasi Rentals & Finance Limited
The business continued to be the largest fermentation tank lessor in the UK
brewing market with a fleet size of 278 (2021: 261), providing 1.3 million
litres of brewing capacity (2021: 1.2 million litres).
A key measure of performance is the deployment of its fleet, which is
currently 81.0% (2021: 88.0%). The business, in addition to being profitable
in its own right, generated £1.7 million (2021: £1.4 million) to the Group's
income this year.
The Business Lending Exchange Limited
This is the first year in consolidating the full-year results of the Business
Lending Exchange. Its loan book grew to £8.3 million (2021: £5.0 million)
and its Group contribution of profit before tax increased to £0.5 million
(2021: £0.1 million). When eliminating the impact of intra-group funding, the
business contributed £1.1 million to Group profitability.
This business specialises in prudent lending through its experienced
management team to the profitable sub-prime SME market, a sector to which the
Bank lacked meaningful access.
Payment Assist Limited
On 21 September 2022, the Group announced its acquisition of 50.1% of Payment
Assist's shares. Payment Assist ("PAL") was incorporated in 2013 to capitalise
on the opportunity in the automotive sector to improve garage customer
retention rates by providing a user-friendly method of enabling customers to
spread their payments over a small period of time.
Since the acquisition, PAL has contributed £0.7 million of profit before tax.
The PAL acquisition shows every sign that this will be a significantly
profitable operation and an important contributor to the Group's profitability
in the coming years.
Outlook
The set of results within this report demonstrates the value of the Group's
diversified portfolio.
For our banking and lending subsidiaries, we will continue our strategy of
investing in resilient and profitable growth sectors, which will allow us to
protect our Net Interest Margin. By broadening our access to liquidity through
our UK branch deposit-taking licence application, we will be able to arbitrage
deposit rates to maximise this margin for the future. On the asset side of
our balance sheet, demand for our products in both the Isle of Man and UK
remains strong, and as a result, I would expect our 2023 Interim lending to be
in excess of that reported in 2022's equivalent period. With the economic
outlook suggesting a shallower, shorter recession than predicted in 2022,
provisioning going forward should not be in excess of our historical norm. In
summary, our lending businesses are well-positioned for this year.
In summary, our various business streams are well-positioned to support the
growth in profitability for this year. Our Executive team will continue to
safeguard each of these and to maximise suitable opportunities as they arise,
whether they be through organic growth or accretive acquisitions.
Our Executive team will continue to protect our business and to maximise
opportunities as they arise, whether they be through organic growth or
accretive acquisitions.
Board changes
Whilst there has been no changes to your Board of Directors since the
announcement of our Interim results, I would like again to put on record my
sincere thanks to David Gibson, who retired after thirteen years serving this
Board and five years acting as Chairman of our banking subsidiary.
Conclusion
Finally, I would like to thank each of our staff for their hard work and
dedication in making this splendid result possible. I would also like to thank
my fellow shareholders and other stakeholders for their enduring loyalty and
support.
Jim Mellon
Executive Chairman
20 March 2023
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the year ended 31 December Notes 2022 2021
£000 £000
Interest revenue calculated using the effective interest rate method 28,978 21,010
Other interest income 1,765 1,937
Interest expense (6,391) (4,967)
Net interest income 9 24,352 17,980
Fee and commission income 10 4,719 4,621
Fee and commission expense 10 (3,569) (3,339)
Depreciation on leasing assets 22 (16) (269)
Net trading income 25,486 18,993
Other operating income 314 365
(Loss) / gain on financial instruments 19 (19) 30
Realised gain / (loss) on debt securities 18 292 (1)
Revaluation on acquisition of subsidiary 32 - 660
Operating income 26,073 20,047
Personnel expenses 11 (9,764) (7,156)
Other expenses 12 (5,806) (4,500)
Provision for impairment on loans and advances to customers 13 (3,990) (4,360)
Depreciation 22 (738) (675)
Amortisation and impairment of intangibles 23 (582) (458)
Share of profit of equity accounted investees, net of tax 30 18 32
VAT recovery 21 - 113
Profit before tax payable 14 5,211 3,043
Income tax expense 15 (537) (234)
Profit for the year 4,674 2,809
For the year ended 31 December Notes 2022 2021
£000 £000
Profit for the year 4,674 2,809
Other comprehensive income:
Items that will be reclassified to profit or loss
Unrealised gain / (loss) on debt securities 18 131 (18)
Items that will never be reclassified to profit or loss
Revaluation gain on property, plant and equipment 22 - 15
Actuarial gain on defined benefit pension scheme taken to equity 28 407 172
Recognition of deferred tax credit on defined benefit pension - 67
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to owners 5,212 3,045
Profit attributable to:
Owners of the Company 4,331 2,793
Non-controlling interests 32 343 16
4,674 2,809
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the Company 4,869 3,029
Non-controlling interests 32 343 16
5,212 3,045
Earnings per share - Profit for the year
Basic earnings per share (pence) 16 4.07 2.46
Diluted earnings per share (pence) 16 3.15 1.97
Earnings per share - Total comprehensive income for the year
Basic earnings per share (pence) 16 4.54 2.66
Diluted earnings per share (pence) 16 3.50 2.13
The Directors believe that all results derive from continuing activities.
COMPANY STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the year ended 31 December Notes 2022 2021
£000 £000
Dividend income 1,575 1,259
Interest income 522 518
Other income 69 78
Operating income 2,166 1,855
Personnel expenses 11 (127) (129)
Administration expenses - (59)
Depreciation expense 22 (65) (91)
Amortisation expense (2) (2)
Impairment of intercompany receivable - (545)
Profit before tax payable 1,972 1,029
Tax payable - -
Profit for the year 1,972 1,029
Total comprehensive income for the year 1,972 1,029
The Directors believe that all results derive from continuing activities.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
2022 2021
As at 31 December Notes £000 £000
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents 17 22,630 20,279
Debt securities 18 40,675 40,987
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss 33 122 68
Loans and advances to customers 20 291,475 229,251
Trade and other receivables 21 4,211 1,947
Property, plant and equipment 22 6,714 7,257
Intangible assets 23 2,703 2,508
Investment in associates 30 155 136
Goodwill 34 10,576 6,320
Total assets 379,261 308,753
Liabilities
Deposits from customers 24 304,199 253,459
Creditors and accrued charges 25 13,108 4,745
Deferred consideration 26, 6(ii), 32 262 1,023
Loan notes 27 31,332 23,672
Pension liability 28 237 687
Deferred tax liability 15 353 182
Total liabilities 349,491 283,768
Equity
Called up share capital 29 19,195 19,133
Profit and loss account 10,371 5,781
Revaluation reserve 22 15 15
Non-controlling interest 32 189 56
Total equity 29,770 24,985
Total liabilities and equity 379,261 308,753
COMPANY STATEMEENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
As at 31 December 2022 2021
Notes £000 £000
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents 17 1,761 430
Trade and other receivables 21 562 472
Amounts due from Group undertakings 35 9,907 6,104
Property, plant and equipment 22 201 263
Intangible assets 25 20
Investment in subsidiaries 31 23,597 22,597
Subordinated loans 35 7,728 7,728
Total assets 43,781 37,614
Liabilities
Creditors and accrued charges 25 440 501
Amounts due to Group undertakings 35 122 3,309
Loan notes 27 31,332 23,672
Total liabilities 31,894 27,482
Equity
Called up share capital 29 19,195 19,133
Profit and loss account (7,308) (9,001)
Total equity 11,887 10,132
Total liabilities and equity 43,781 37,614
CONSOLIDATED AND COMPANY STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Attributable to owners of the Company
Profit and loss account Non-controlling interests
Share capital £000 Revaluation reserve £000 Total
£000 £000 Total equity
Group £000 £000
Balance as at 1 January 2021 19,121 3,230 - 22,351 84 22,435
Profit for the year - 2,793 - 2,793 16 2,809
Other comprehensive income - 221 15 236 - 236
Transactions with owners
Dividends declared 12 (197) - (185) - (185)
Acquisition of subsidiary with non-controlling interest - (266) - (266) (44) (310)
Balance as at 31 December 2021 19,133 5,781 15 24,929 56 24,985
Profit for the year - 4,331 - 4,331 343 4,674
Other comprehensive income - 538 - 538 - 538
Transactions with owners
Dividend declared (see note 29) 62 (279) - (217) - (217)
Acquisition of subsidiary with non-controlling interest - - - - (210) (210)
Balance as at 31 December 2022 19,195 10,371 15 29,581 189 29,770
Profit and loss account
Share capital £000 Total
£000 equity
Company £000
Balance as at 1 January 2021 19,121 (9,833) 9,288
Profit for the year - 1,029 1,029
Dividends declared (see note 29) 12 (197) (185)
Balance as at 31 December 2021 19,133 (9,001) 10,132
Profit for the year - 1,972 1,972
Transactions with owners 62 (279) (217)
Dividend declared (see note 29)
Balance as at 31 December 2022 19,195 (7,308) 11,887
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended 31 December 2022 2021
Notes £000 £000
RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO OPERATING CASH FLOWS
Profit before tax 5,211 3,043
Adjustments for:
Depreciation 22 754 944
Amortisation of intangibles 23 582 458
Share of profit of equity accounted investees 30 (18) (32)
Contingent consideration interest expense 6(ii) 102 114
Pension charge included in personnel expenses 28 14 13
Gain / (loss) on financial instruments 19 19 (30)
Revaluation on acquisition of subsidiary 32 - (660)
6,664 3,850
Changes in:
Equity at FVTPL - 4
Trade and other receivables (2,228) 223
Creditors and accrued charges 1,436 (109)
Net cash flow from trading activities 5,872 3,968
Changes in:
Loans and advances to customers (83,066) (53,816)
Deposits from customers 50,740 35,174
Pension contribution 28 (57) (98)
Cash (outflow) / inflow from operating activities (26,511) (14,772)
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Cash from operating activities
Cash (outflow) / inflow from operating activities (26,511) (14,772)
Interest received 30,136 22,624
Interest paid (6,184) (4,936)
Income taxes paid (157) (10)
Net cash (used in) / from operating activities (2,716) 2,906
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment, excluding right-of-use assets 22 (1,473) (2,109)
Purchase of intangible assets 23 (504) (481)
Sale of property, plant and equipment 22 2,083 961
Acquisition of subsidiary or associate, net of cash acquired 32 (1,785) (555)
Sale / (purchase) of debt securities 442 (15,473)
Deferred consideration on acquisition of subsidiary 6(ii),26 (937) (120)
Net cash used in investing activities (2,174) (17,777)
Cash flows from financing activities
Receipt of loan notes 27 7,660 1,450
Payment of lease liabilities (capital) 37 (202) (201)
Dividend paid 29 (217) (152)
Net cash from financing activities 7,241 1,097
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 2,351 (13,774)
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 20,279 34,053
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 22,630 20,279
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended 31 December 2022 2021
Notes £000 £000
RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO OPERATING CASH FLOWS
Profit before tax 1,972 1,029
Adjustments for:
Depreciation 22 63 91
Amortisation 2 2
Dividend income (1,575) (1,259)
462 (137)
Changes in:
Amounts due from group undertakings (2,228) (2,910)
Trade and other receivables (90) (163)
Creditors and accrued charges 100 66
Amounts due to Group undertakings (4,187) 1,012
Cash outflow from operating activities (5,943) (2,132)
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Cash from operating activities
Cash outflow from operating activities (5,943) (2,132)
Net cash used in operating activities (5,943) (2,132)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of intangible assets (8) (15)
Net cash used in investing activities (8) (15)
Cash flows from financing activities
Receipt of loan notes 27 7,660 1,450
Payment of finance lease liability (99) (99)
Dividend paid (279) (152)
Net cash from financing activities 7,282 1,199
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,331 (948)
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 430 1,378
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 1,761 430
The notes form part of these financial statements.
1. Reporting entity
Manx Financial Group PLC ("Company") is a company incorporated in the Isle of
Man. The Company's registered office is at Clarendon House, Victoria Street,
Douglas, Isle of Man, IM1 2LN. The consolidated financial statements of the
Company for the year ended 31 December 2022 comprise the Company and its
subsidiaries ("Group") including Conister Bank Limited (the "Bank"). The Group
is primarily involved in the provision of financial services.
2. Basis of accounting
The consolidated and the separate financial statements of the Company have
been prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in
accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards ("UK-adopted
IFRS" or "IFRSs"), on a going concern basis as disclosed in the Directors'
Report.
3. Functional and presentation currency
These financial statements are presented in pounds sterling, which is the
Company's functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest
thousand, unless otherwise indicated. All subsidiaries of the Group have
pounds sterling as their functional currency.
4. Use of judgements and estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of
accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income
and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the
estimate is revised and in any future periods affected.
Assumptions and estimation uncertainties
Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties at year-end that
have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities in the next financial year is included in
the following notes:
§ Note 23 and 34 - impairment test of intangible assets and goodwill: key
assumptions underlying recoverable amounts;
§ Note 44(G)(vii) - measurement of Expected Credit Loss ("ECL") allowance
for loans and advances to customers and assessment of impairment allowances
where loans are in default or arrears: key assumptions in determining the
weighted-average loss rate; and
5. Financial instruments - Classification
For description of how the Group classifies financial assets and liabilities,
see note 44(G)(ii).
The following table provides reconciliation between line items in the
statement of financial position and categories of financial instruments.
Group FVOCI - debt instruments FVOCI - equity instruments Total carrying amount
Mandatorily at FVTPL Designated as at FVTPL Amortised cost
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Cash and cash equivalents - - - - 22,630 22,630
Debt securities - - 40,675 - - 40,675
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
- 122 - - - 122
Loans and advances to customers - - - - 291,475 291,475
Trade and other receivables - - - - 4,211 4,211
Total financial assets - 122 40,675 - 318,316 359,113
Deposits from customers - - - - 304,199 304,199
Creditor and accrued charges - - - - 13,108 13,108
Deferred consideration - 262 - - - 262
Loan notes - - - - 31,332 31,332
Total financial liabilities - 262 - - 348,639 348,901
Group FVOCI - FVOCI - equity instruments Total carrying amount
Mandatorily at FVTPL Designated as at FVTPL debt instruments Amortised cost
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Cash and cash equivalents - - - - 20,279 20,279
Debt securities - - - 40,987 - 40,987
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
- 68 - - - 68
Loans and advances to customers - - - - 229,251 229,251
Trade and other receivables - - - - 1,947 1,947
Total financial assets - 68 - 40,987 251,477 292,532
Deposits from customers - - - - 253,459 253,459
Creditor and accrued charges - - - - 4,745 4,745
Deferred consideration - - 1,023 - - 1,023
Loan notes - - - - 23,672 23,672
Total financial liabilities - - 1,023 - 281,876 282,899
Company FVOCI - debt instruments FVOCI - equity instruments Total carrying amount
Mandatorily at FVTPL Designated as at FVTPL Amortised cost
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Cash and cash equivalents - - - - 1,761 1,761
Trade and other receivables - - - - 562 562
Amounts due from Group undertakings
- - - - 9,907 9,907
Subordinated loans - - - - 7,728 7,728
Total financial assets - - - - 19,958 19,958
Creditor and accrued charges - - - - 440 440
Amounts due to Group undertakings - - - - 122 122
Loan notes - - - - 31,332 31,332
Total financial liabilities - - - - 31,894 31,894
Company FVOCI - debt instruments FVOCI - equity instruments Total carrying amount
Mandatorily at FVTPL Designated as at FVTPL Amortised cost
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Cash and cash equivalents - - - - 430 430
Trade and other receivables - - - - 472 472
Amounts due from Group undertakings
- - - - 6,104 6,104
Subordinated loans - - - - 7,728 7,728
Total financial assets - - - - 14,734 14,734
Creditor and accrued charges - - - - 501 501
Amounts due to Group undertakings - - - - 3,309 3,309
Loan notes - - - - 23,672 23,672
Total financial liabilities - - - - 27,482 27,482
6. Financial instruments - Fair values
For description of the Group's fair value measurement accounting policy, see
note 44(G)(vi).
The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial
assets and financial liabilities, including their levels in the fair value
hierarchy. It does not include fair value information for financial assets and
financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is a
reasonable approximation of fair value.
Carrying amount Fair value
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Financial assets measured at fair value
Debt securities 40,675 - 40,675 - 40,675
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss 122 - - 122 122
40,797 - 40,675 122 40,797
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents 22,630 - - - -
Loans and advances to customers 291,475 - - - -
Trade and other receivables 4,211 - - - -
318,316 - - - -
Financial liabilities measured at fair value
Deferred consideration 262 - - 262 262
262 - - 262 262
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Deposits from customers 304,199 - - - -
Creditors and accrued charges 13,108 - - - -
Loan notes 31,332 - - - -
348,639 - - - -
Carrying amount Fair value
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Financial assets measured at fair value
Debt securities 40,987 - 40,987 - 40,987
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss 68 - - 68 68
41,055 - 40,987 68 41,055
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents 20,279 - - - -
Loans and advances to customers 229,251 - - - -
Trade and other receivables 1,947 - - - -
251,477 - - - -
Financial liabilities measured at fair value
Deferred consideration 1,023 - - 1,023 1,023
1,023 - - 1,023 1,023
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Deposits from customers 253,459 - - - -
Creditors and accrued charges 4,745 - - - -
Loan notes 23,672 - - - -
281,876 - - - -
Measurement of fair values
i. Valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs
Type Valuation technique Significant unobservable inputs Inter-relationship between significant unobservable inputs and fair value
measurement
Debt securities Market comparison / discounted cash flow: The fair value is estimated Not applicable. Not applicable.
considering a net present value calculated using discount rates derived from
quoted yields of securities with similar maturity and credit rating that are
traded in active markets.
Equities at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss Net asset value Expected net cash flows derived from the entity The estimated fair value would increase (decrease) if the expected cash flows
were higher (lower).
Deferred consideration Discounted cash flows: The valuation model considers the present value of the Expected cash flows £291,340 (2021: £1,133,820). The estimated fair value would increase (decrease) if:
expected future payments, discounted using a risk-adjusted discount rate.
-the expected cash flows were higher (lower); or
Risk-adjusted discount rate 14% (2021: 14%). -the risk-adjusted discount rate was lower (higher).
ii. Level 3 recurring fair values
Reconciliation of Level 3 fair values
The following table shows a reconciliation from the opening balances to the
closing balances for Level 3 fair values.
2022 2021
£000 £000
Balance at 1 January 1,023 672
Assumed in a business combination (Note 32) - 387
Finance costs 102 114
Net change in fair value (unrealised) 74 (30)
176 84
Payment (note 26) (937) (120)
Balance at 31 December 262 1,023
Sensitivity analysis
For the fair value of contingent consideration, reasonably possible changes at
the reporting date to one of the significant unobservable inputs, holding
other inputs constant would have the following effects.
Profit or loss
31 December 2022 Increase Decrease
£000 £000
Expected cash flows (10% movement) 29 (29)
Risk-adjusted discount rate (1% movement) 5 (3)
Profit or loss
31 December 2021 Increase Decrease
£000 £000
Expected cash flows (10% movement) 113 66
Risk-adjusted discount rate (1% movement) 12 (8)
7. Financial risk review
Risk management
This note presents information about the Group's exposure to financial risks
and the Group's management of capital. For information on the Group's
financial risk management framework, see note 42.
A. Group Credit risk
For definition of credit risk and information on how credit risk is mitigated
by the Group, see note 42.
The key assumptions used in determining the weighted-average loss rate are
loss given default rate and probability of default. These metrics are
calculated at individual product level (for example Hire Purchase, Lease). In
determining probability of default, the Group considers market consensus
estimates of the UK's forecast GDP, inflation and interest rate over the
applicable loan term of the product. Over the next 3 years, the Group has
forecast average GDP growth of -0.6%, inflation of 4.1% and BOE base rate of
2.6%.
i. Credit quality analysis
Loans and advances to customers
Explanation of the terms 'Stage 1', 'Stage 2' and 'Stage 3' is included in
note 44(G)(vii).
An analysis of the credit risk on loans and advances to customers is as
follows:
Group 2022 2021
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total
£000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Grade A 273,332 - - 273,332 213,102 - - 213,102
Grade B - 5,006 9,347 14,353 - 5,735 5,594 11,329
Grade C 391 - 17,622 18,013 342 541 12,656 13,539
Gross value 273,723 5,006 26,969 305,698 213,444 6,276 18,250 237,970
Allowance for impairment (303) (3) (13,917) (14,223) (503) (124) (8,092) (8,719)
Carrying value 273,420 5,003 13,052 291,475 212,941 6,152 10,158 229,251
Loans are graded A to C depending on the level of risk. Grade A relates to
agreements with the lowest risk, Grade B with medium risk and Grade C relates
to agreements with the highest of risk.
The following table sets out information about the overdue status of loans and
advances to customers in Stage 1, 2 and 3:
Group 2022 2021
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total
31 December £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Current 269,130 - - 269,130 210,491 - - 210,491
Overdue < 30 days 4,593 604 - 5,197 2,953 - - 2,953
Overdue > 30 days - 4,402 26,969 31,371 - 6,276 18,250 24,526
273,723 5,006 26,969 305,698 213,444 6,276 18,250 237,970
For Stage 3 loans and advances, the Bank holds collateral with a value of
£12,927,000 (2021: £11,625,250) representing security cover of 48% (2021:
64%).
Debt securities, cash and cash equivalents
The following table sets out the credit quality of liquid assets:
Group 2022 2021
£000 £000
Government bonds and treasury bills
Rated A to A+ 40,675 40,987
Cash and cash equivalents
Rated A to A+ 22,630 20,279
Trade and other receivables
Unrated 4,211 1,947
67,516 63,213
The analysis has been based on Standard & Poor's ratings.
ii. Collateral and other credit enhancements
The Group holds collateral in the form of the underlying assets (typically
private and commercial vehicles, plant and machinery) to loan arrangements as
security for HP, finances leases, vehicle stocking plans, block discounting,
wholesale funding arrangements, integrated wholesale funding arrangements and
secured commercial loan balances, which are sub-categories of loans and
advances to customers. In addition, the Group will take debentures, mortgages,
personal and corporate guarantees, fixed and floating charges on specific
assets such as cash and shares. The terms of enforcing such security can
only occur on default, and when realised can only be used to settle the amount
of debt and related collection fees. On occasion the Bank may realise a
surplus if the defaulting party loses title to the underlying security as part
of enforcement. In addition, the commission share schemes have an element of
capital indemnified. During 2022, 61.0% of loans and advances had an element
of capital indemnification (2021: 76.0%).
At the time of granting credit within the sub-categories listed above, the
loan balances due are secured over the underlying assets held as collateral.
iii. Amounts arising from ECL
See accounting policy in note 44(G)(vii).
IFRS 9 significantly overhauled the requirements and methodology used to
assess credit impairments by transitioning to a forward-looking approach based
on an expected credit loss model. The new impairment model applies to
financial assets measured at amortised cost, contract assets and debt
investments at FVOCI, but not to investments in equity instruments.
After a detailed review, the Group devised and implemented an impairment
methodology in light of the IFRS 9 requirements outlined above noting the
following:
§ A Significant Increase in Credit Risk ("SICR") is always deemed to occur
when the borrower is 30 days past due on its contractual payments. If the
Group becomes aware ahead of this time of non-compliance or financial
difficulties of the borrower, such as loss of employment, avoiding contact
with the Group then a SICR has also deemed to occur.
§ A receivable is always deemed to be in default and credit-impaired when the
borrower is 90 days past due on its contractual payments or earlier if the
Group becomes aware of severe financial difficulties such as bankruptcy,
individual voluntary arrangements, abscond or disappearance, fraudulent
activity or other similar events.
§ The ECL was derived by reviewing the Group's loss rate and
loss-given-default over the past 5 years by product and geographical segment.
§ The Group has assumed that the future economic conditions will broadly
mirror the current environment and therefore the forecasted loss levels in the
next 3 years will match the Group's experience in recent years.
§ For portfolios where the Group has never had a default in its history or
has robust credit enhancements such as credit insurance or default indemnities
for the entire portfolio, then no IFRS 9 provision is made.
§ If the Group holds objective evidence through specifically assessing a
credit-impaired receivable and believes it will go on to completely recover
the debt due to the collateral held and cooperation with the borrower, then no
IFRS 9 provision is made.
There have been no significant changes to ECL assumptions from the prior year.
iv. Concentration of credit risk
Geographical
Lending is restricted to individuals and entities with Isle of Man, UK or
Channel Islands addresses.
Segmental
The Bank is exposed to credit risk with regard to customer loan accounts,
comprising HP and finance lease balances, unsecured personal loans, secured
commercial loans, block discounting, vehicle stocking plan loans and wholesale
funding agreements. In addition, the Bank lends via significant introducers
into the UK. There was no introducer that accounted for more than 20% of the
Bank's total lending portfolio at the end of 31 December 2022 (2021: none).
B. Group Liquidity risk
For the definition of liquidity risk and information on how liquidity risk is
manged by the Group, see note 41.
i. Exposure to liquidity risk
The key measure used by the Group for managing liquidity risk is the ratio of
net liquid assets to deposits from customers and short-term funding. For this
purpose, net liquid assets includes cash and cash equivalents and
investment-grade debt securities for which there is an active and liquid
market.
Details of the reported Group ratio of net liquid assets to deposits from
customers at the reporting date and during the reporting year were as follows:
2022 2021
At 31 December 20% 24%
Average for the year 22% 25%
Maximum for the year 25% 28%
Minimum for the year 19% 20%
ii. Maturity analysis for financial liabilities and financial assets
The table below shows the Group's financial liabilities classified by their
earliest possible contractual maturity, on an undiscounted basis including
interest due at the end of the deposit term. Based on historical data, the
Group's expected actual cash flow from these items vary from this analysis due
to the expected re-investment of maturing customer deposits.
Residual contractual maturities of financial liabilities as at the reporting
date (undiscounted):
Sight- >8 days >1 month >3 months >6 months >1 year >3 years >5 Total
8 days - 1 month - 3 months - 6 months - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years years £000
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Deposits 10,878 6,838 27,346 65,153 104,662 81,670 14,557 - 311,104
Other liabilities 691 116 1,796 3,717 13,196 22,354 6,697 590 49,157
Total liabilities 11,569 6,954 29,142 68,870 117,858 104,024 21,254 590 360,261
Sight- >8 days >1 month >3 months >6 months >1 year >3 years >5 Total
8 days - 1 month - 3 months - 6 months - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years years £000
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Deposits 6,864 4,743 18,359 63,733 61,891 88,036 16,738 - 260,364
Other liabilities 291 83 1,210 1,253 10,995 9,091 9,053 869 32,845
Total liabilities 7,155 4,826 19,569 64,986 72,886 97,127 25,791 869 293,209
Maturity of assets and liabilities at the reporting date:
Sight- >8 days >1 month >3 months - 6 months >6 months >1 year >3 years >5 years Total
8 days - 1 month - 3 months £000 - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years £000 £000
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Assets
Cash 22,630 - - - - - - - 22,630
Debt securities 3,986 7,987 20,785 7,917 - - - - 40,675
Loans and advances 8,038 10,952 27,913 40,730 47,813 106,755 46,176 3,098 291,475
Other assets 122 - - - 5,786 - 5,140 13,433 24,481
Total assets 34,776 18,939 48,698 48,647 53,599 106,755 51,316 16,531 379,261
Liabilities
Deposits 10,878 6,380 26,552 64,251 103,561 78,984 13,593 - 304,199
Other liabilities 650 - 1,500 3,286 12,399 20,627 6,240 590 45,292
Total liabilities 11,528 6,380 28,052 67,537 115,960 99,611 19,833 590 349,491
Maturity of assets and liabilities at the reporting date:
Sight- >8 days >1 month >3 months - 6 months >6 months >1 year >3 years >5 Total
8 days - 1 month - 3 months £000 - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years years £000
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
Assets
Cash 20,279 - - - - - - - 20,279
Debt securities - 5,001 20,994 14,992 - - - - 40,987
Loans and advances 9,271 8,372 12,378 25,458 30,835 94,395 44,081 4,462 229,252
Other assets 68 - - - 3,186 - 6,018 8,964 18,236
Total assets 29,618 13,373 33,372 40,450 34,021 94,395 50,099 13,426 308,754
Liabilities
Deposits 6,864 4,285 17,565 62,831 60,790 85,350 15,774 - 253,459
Other liabilities 238 - 1,000 946 10,512 7,967 8,777 869 30,309
Total liabilities 7,102 4,285 18,565 63,777 71,302 93,317 24,551 869 283,768
iii. Liquidity reserves
The following table sets out the components of the Group's liquidity reserves:
2022 2022 2021 2021
Carrying amount Fair Carrying amount Fair
value value
£000 £000 £000 £000
Balances with other banks 20,954 20,954 20,279 20,279
Unencumbered debt securities 40,675 40,675 40,987 40,987
Total liquidity reserves 61,629 61,629 61,266 61,266
C. Group Market risk
For the definition of market risk and information on how the Group manages the
market risks of trading and non-trading portfolios, see note 42.
The following table sets out the allocation of assets and liabilities subject
to market risk between trading and non-trading portfolios:
Market risk measure
Carrying amount Trading portfolios Non-trading portfolios
31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000
Assets subject to market risk
Debt securities 40,675 - 40,675
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss 122 - 122
Total 40,797 - 40,797
Market risk measure
Non-trading portfolios
Carrying amount Trading portfolios
31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000
Assets subject to market risk
Debt securities 40,987 - 40,987
Equity held at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss 68 - 68
Total 41,055 - 41,055
i. Exposure to interest rate risk
The following tables present the interest rate mismatch position between
assets and liabilities over the respective maturity dates. The maturity dates
are presented on a worst-case basis, with assets being recorded at their
latest maturity and deposits from customers at their earliest.
Sight- >1month >3months >6months- 1 year >1 year >3 years >5 years Non-Interest Bearing Total
1 month - 3months - 6months £000 - 3 years - 5 years £000 £000 £000
£000 £000 £000 £000 £000
31 December 2022
Assets
Cash & cash equivalents 22,630 - - - - - - - 22,630
Debt securities 11,973 20,785 7,917 - - - - - 40,675
Loans and advances to customers 18,990 27,913 40,730 47,813 106,755 46,176 3,098 - 291,475
Other assets - - - - - - - 24,481 24,481
Total assets 53,593 48,698 48,647 47,813 106,755 46,176 3,098 24,481 379,261
Liabilities and equity
Deposits from customers 17,258 26,552 64,251 103,561 78,984 13,593 - - 304,199
Other liabilities 650 1,500 3,286 905 20,627 6,240 237 11,847 45,292
Total equity - - - - - - - 29,770 29,770
Total liabilities and equity 17,908 28,052 67,537 104,466 99,611 19,833 237 41,617 379,261
35,685 20,646 (18,890) (56,653) 7,144 26,343 2,861 (17,136) -
Interest rate sensitivity gap
Cumulative 35,685 56,331 37,441 (19,212) (12,068) 14,275 17,136 - -
Sight- >1month >3months >6months- 1 year >1 year >3 years >5 years Non-Interest Total
Bearing
1 month - 3months - 6months £000 - 3 years - 5 years £000
£000
£000
£000 £000 £000 £000 £000
31 December 2021
Assets
Cash & cash equivalents 20,279 - - - - - - - 20,279
Debt securities 5,001 20,994 14,992 - - - - - 40,987
Loans and advances to customers 17,642 12,378 25,458 30,835 94,395 44,081 4,462 - 229,251
Other assets - - - - - - - 18,236 18,236
Total assets 42,922 33,372 40,450 30,835 94,395 44,081 4,462 18,236 308,753
Liabilities and equity
Deposits from customers 11,149 17,565 62,831 60,790 85,350 15,774 - - 253,459
Other liabilities 238 1,000 946 7,050 7,967 8,777 687 3,644 30,309
Total equity - - - - - - - 24,985 24,985
Total liabilities and equity 11,387 18,565 63,777 67,840 93,317 24,551 687 28,629 308,753
31,535 14,807 (23,327) (37,005) 1,078 19,530 3,775 (10,393) -
Interest rate sensitivity gap
Cumulative 31,535 46,342 23,015 (13,990) (12,912) 6,618 10,393 - -
The Bank monitors the impact of changes in interest rates on interest rate
mismatch positions using a method consistent with the FSA required reporting
standard. The methodology applies weightings to the net interest rate
sensitivity gap in order to quantify the impact of an adverse change in
interest rates of 2.0% per annum (2021: 2.0%). The following tables set out
the estimated total impact of such a change based on the mismatch at the
reporting date:
Sight- >1month >3months >6months >1 year >3 years >5 years Non-Interest Bearing Total
1 month -3months - 6months - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years
31 December 2022
Interest rate sensitivity gap £000 35,685 20,646 (18,890) (56,653) 7,144 26,343 2,861 (17,136) -
Weighting 0.000 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.027 0.054 0.115 - -
£000 - 62 (132) (793) 193 1,423 329 - 1,082
Sight- >1month >3months >6months >1 year >3 years >5 years Non-Interest Bearing Total
1 month -3months - 6months - 1 year - 3 years - 5 years
31 December 2021
Interest rate sensitivity gap £000 31,535 14,807 (23,327) (37,005) 1,078 19,530 3,775 (10,393) -
Weighting 0 0.003 0.007 0.014 0.027 0.054 0.115 0 0
£000 - 44 (163) (518) 29 1,055 434 - 881
D. Group Capital Management
i. Regulatory capital
MFG and its subsidiaries maintain sufficient capital stock to cover risks
inherent in their principal operating activities. The lead regulator of the
Group's wholly owned subsidiary, the Bank, is the FSA. The FSA sets and
monitors capital requirements for the Bank. The Bank maintains a capital base
to meet the capital adequacy requirements of the FSA. There have been no
changes to its approach to capital management from the prior year.
The Bank's regulatory capital consists of the following elements.
§ Common Equity Tier 1 ("CET1") capital, which includes ordinary share
capital, retained earnings and reserves after adjustment for deductions for
goodwill, intangible assets and intercompany receivable.
§ Tier 2 capital, which includes qualifying subordinated liabilities and
any excess of impairment over expected losses.
The Bank's Tier 1 and Total Capital regulatory ratios stood at 12.4% (2021:
15.2%) and 15.2% (2021: 19.1%) respectively as at 31 December 2022. The Bank
complied with all capital requirements externally imposed on it in the year
with minimum Tier 1 and Overall Capital ratio of 8.5% and 14% respectively.
The FSA's approach to the measurement of capital adequacy is primarily based
on monitoring the relationship of the capital resources requirement to
available capital resources. The FSA sets individual capital guidance ("ICG")
for the Bank in excess of the minimum capital resources requirement. A key
input to the ICG setting process is the Bank's internal capital adequacy
assessment process ("ICAAP").
The Bank is also regulated by the FCA in the UK for credit and brokerage
related activities.
Further details of the Bank's management of capital are described in the Risk
Management Report on page 10.
ii. Capital allocation
Management uses regulatory capital ratios to monitor its capital base. The
allocation of capital between specific operations and activities is, to a
large extent, driven by optimisation of the return achieved on the capital
allocated. The amount of capital allocated to each operation or activity is
based primarily on regulatory capital requirements.
E. Company Financial Risk Review
i. Credit risk
The Company is exposed to credit risk primarily from deposits with banks and
from its financing activities of Group entities. These balances include Trade
and other receivables, Amounts due from Group undertakings, Investment in
subsidiaries and Subordinated loans. Cash balances are held with institutions
with a credit rating of A to A+. The Group's primary credit exposure is to the
Bank. The Investment in subsidiary and subordinated loan balance
counterparties are disclosed in Note 31 and 35 respectively. Amounts due from
Group undertakings relate to balances advanced to the Group's subsidiary (MVL)
for the acquisition of other subsidiaries including PAL, BBSL, BLX and NRF.
The Group manages its credit risk by ensuring that sufficient resources are
allocated to credit management and capital allocation and using reputable
financial institutions to hold its cash balances.
ii. Liquidity risk
The value and term of short term assets are monitored against those of the
Company's liabilities. The Company maintains sufficient liquid assets to meet
liabilities as they fall due either by retaining Interest income from the
Subordinated loan, Dividend income from subsidiary companies or raising funds
through the issue of Loan notes. Amounts due to / from Group undertakings are
unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.
iii. Market risk
The Company does not have exposure to foreign exchange risk as transactions
are made in and balances held in Sterling. The Company has both
interest-bearing assets and liabilities. In order to manage interest rate
risk, the Companies Subordinated loans and Loan notes are charged exclusively
at fixed rates.
8. Operating segments
Segmental information is presented in respect of the Group's business
segments. The Directors consider that the Group currently operates in one
geographic segment comprising of the Isle of Man, UK and Channel Islands. The
primary format, business segments, is based on the Group's management and
internal reporting structure. The Directors consider that the Group operates
in three (2021: three) product orientated segments in addition to its
investing activities: Asset and Personal Finance (including provision of HP
contracts, finance leases, personal loans, commercial loans, block
discounting, vehicle stocking plans and wholesale funding agreements);
Edgewater Associates Limited (provision of financial advice); and MFX Limited
(provision of foreign currency transaction services).
Asset and
Personal Edgewater Associates MFX Limited Investing
Finance £000 £000 Activities Total
For the year ended 31 December 2022 £000 £000 £000
Interest revenue calculated using the effective interest rate method 28,978 - - - 28,978
Other interest income 1,765 - - - 1,765
Interest expense (6,391) - - - (6,391)
Net interest income 24,352 - - - 24,352
Components of Net Trading Income (2,696) 2,096 1,734 - 1,134
Net trading income 21,656 2,096 1,734 25,486
Components of Operating Income 587 - - - 587
Operating Income 22,243 2,096 1,734 - 26,073
Depreciation (640) (31) (2) (65) (738)
Amortisation and impairment of intangibles (494) (81) (5) (2) (582)
Share of profit of equity accounted investees, net of tax - - - 18 18
All other expenses (17,226) (1,943) (314) (77) (19,560)
Profit / (loss) before tax payable 3,883 41 1,413 (126) 5,211
Capital expenditure 1,794 55 3 1 1,853
Total assets 332,689 2,248 543 43,781 379,261
Total liabilities 316,921 513 163 31,894 349,491
Asset and
Personal Edgewater Associates MFX Limited Investing
Finance £000 £000 Activities Total
For the year ended 31 December 2021 £000 £000 £000
Interest revenue calculated using the effective interest rate method 21,010 - - - 21,010
Other interest income 1,937 - - - 1,937
Interest expense (4,967) - - - (4,967)
Net interest income 17,980 - - - 17,980
Components of Net Trading Income (2,783) 2,282 1,514 - 1,013
Net Trading Income 15,197 2,282 1,514 - 18,993
Components of Operating Income 1,054 - - - 1,054
Operating income 16,251 2,282 1,514 - 20,047
Depreciation (560) (22) (2) (91) (675)
Amortisation and impairment of intangibles (373) (80) (3) (2) (458)
Share of profit of equity accounted investees, net of tax 58 - - (26) 32
Intercompany write-off - - - (545) (545)
All other expenses (12,848) (2,066) (282) (162) (15,358)
Profit / (loss) before tax payable 2,528 114 1,227 (826) 3,043
Capital expenditure 3,083 13 1 5 3,102
Total assets 292,721 2,330 802 12,900 308,753
Total liabilities 265,751 638 61 17,318 283,768
9. Net interest income
2022 2021
£000 £000
Interest income
Loans and advances to customers 28,978 21,010
Total interest income calculated using the effective interest method 28,978 21,010
Operating lease income 1,765 1,937
Total interest income 30,743 22,947
Interest expense
Deposits from customers (4,601) (3,512)
Loan note interest (1,610) (1,299)
Lease liability (78) (42)
Contingent consideration: interest expense (102) (114)
Total interest expense (6,391) (4,967)
Net interest income 24,352 17,980
10. Net fee and commission income
In the following table, fee and commission income from contracts with
customers in the scope of IFRS 15 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers is
disaggregated by major type of services. The table includes a reconciliation
of the disaggregated fee and commission income with the Group's reportable
segments. See note 44D regarding revenue recognition.
2022 2021
£000 £000
Major service lines
Independent financial advice income 2,096 2,282
Foreign exchange trading income 1,743 1,528
Asset and personal finance: Brokerage services income 590 510
Debt collection 290 301
Fee and commission income 4,719 4,621
Fee and commission expense (3,569) (3,339)
Net fee and commission income 1,150 1,282
Fee and commission expense relates to commission paid to Brokerages which
introduce new business to the Bank.
11. Personnel expenses
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Staff gross salaries (7,403) (5,416) - -
Executive Directors' remuneration (507) (440) - -
Non-executive Directors' fees (207) (176) (127) (129)
Executive Directors' pensions (41) (34) - -
Executive Directors' performance related pay (68) (51) - -
Staff pension costs (397) (330) - -
National insurance and payroll taxes (818) (623) - -
Staff training and recruitment costs (305) (86) - -
Equity Settled Restricted Stock Units (Note 29) (18) - - -
(9,764) (7,156) (127) (129)
The Company's personnel expenses consist exclusively of Directors remuneration
and fees for services rendered to the Company.
12. Other expenses
2022 2021
£000 £000
Professional and legal fees (1,427) (1,367)
Marketing costs (363) (264)
IT costs (1,210) (1,001)
Establishment costs (366) (317)
Communication costs (152) (129)
Travel costs (297) (104)
Bank charges (314) (124)
Insurance (333) (344)
Irrecoverable VAT (362) (268)
Other costs (782) (582)
Impairment loss on goodwill (See Note 34) (200) -
(5,806) (4,500)
13. Impairment on loans and advances to customers
The charge in respect of allowances for impairment comprises, excluding loss
allowances on financial assets managed on a collective basis.
2022 2021
£000 £000
Impairment allowances made (7,642) (5,457)
Reversal of allowances previously made 3,612 1,055
Total charge for provision for impairment (4,030) (4,402)
The credit in respect of allowances for impairment on financial assets managed
on a collective basis comprises:
2022 2021
£000 £000
Collective impairment allowances made (244) (77)
Release of allowances previously made 284 119
Total credit for allowances for impairment on financial assets managed on a 40 42
collective basis
Total charge for allowances for impairment (3,990) (4,360)
14. Profit before tax payable
The profit before tax payable for the year is stated after charging:
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Auditor's remuneration: as Auditor current year (255) (232) - -
(11) (2) - -
non-audit services
Pension cost defined benefit scheme (14) (13) - -
Expenses relating to short-term leases and low value assets (92) (64) - -
15. Income tax expense
Group 2022 2021
£000 £000
Current tax expense
Current year (366) (132)
Changes to estimates for prior years - (50)
(366) (182)
Deferred tax expense
Origination and reversal of temporary differences (171) (52)
Tax expense (537) (234)
Group 2022 2021
% £000 % £000
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Profit before tax 5,211 3,043
Tax using the Bank's domestic tax rate (10.0) (521) (10.0) (304)
Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions 3.6 186 5.0 152
Tax exempt income (2.4) (127) (1.2) (36)
Changes to estimates for prior years (0.8) (43) (4.7) (144)
R&D claim - - (1.4) (42)
Tax expense (10.3) (537) (7.7) (234)
The main rate of corporation tax in the Isle of Man is 0.0% (2021: 0.0%).
However, the profits of the Group's Isle of Man banking activities are taxed
at 10.0% (2021: 10.0%). The profits of the Group's subsidiaries that are
subject to UK corporation tax are taxed at a rate of 19.0% (2021: 19.0%). The
Company is subject to 0.0% tax.
The value of tax losses carried forward reduced to nil and there is now a
temporary difference related to accelerated capital allowances resulting in a
£353,000 liability (2021: £182,000 liability). This resulted in an expense
of £171,000 (2021: £52,000) to the Consolidated Income Statement offset by a
deferred tax credit on the defined benefit pension through the OCI of £nil
(2021: £67,000).
16. Earnings per share
2022 2021
Profit for the year £4,674,000 £2,809,000
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (basic) 114,763,883 114,291,639
Basic earnings per share (pence) 4.07 2.46
Diluted earnings per share (pence) 3.15 1.97
Total comprehensive income for the year £5,212,000 £3,045,000
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (basic) 114,763,883 114,291,639
Basic earnings per share (pence) 4.54 2.66
Diluted earnings per share (pence) 3.50 2.13
The basic earnings per share calculation is based upon the profit for the year
after taxation and the weighted average of the number of shares in issue
throughout the year.
As at: 2022 2021
Reconciliation of weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue between
basic and diluted
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares (basic) 114,763,883 114,291,639
Number of shares issued if all convertible loan notes were exchanged for 38,225,772 36,555,556
equity
Dilutive element of share options if exercised 830,035 -
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares (diluted) 153,819,660 150,847,195
Reconciliation of profit for the year between basic and diluted
Profit for the year (basic) £4,674,000 £2,809,000
Interest expense saved if all convertible loan notes were exchanged for equity £171,415 £166,250
Profit for the year (diluted) £4,845,415 £2,975,250
The diluted earnings per share calculation assumes that all convertible loan
notes and share options have been converted / exercised at the beginning of
the year where they are dilutive.
As at: 2022 2021
Reconciliation of total comprehensive income for the year between basic and
diluted
Total comprehensive income for the year (basic) £5,212,000 £3,045,000
Interest expense saved if all convertible loan notes were exchanged for equity £171,415 £166,250
Total comprehensive income for the year (diluted) £5,383,415 £3,211,250
17. Cash and cash equivalents
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Cash at bank and in hand 20,651 18,278 1,761 430
Fixed deposit (less than 90 days) 1,979 2,001 - -
22,630 20,279 1,761 430
Cash at bank includes an amount of £24,000 (2021: £56,000) representing
receipts which are in the course of transmission.
18. Debt securities
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income:
UK Government treasury bills 40,675 40,987 - -
40,675 40,987 - -
UK Government Treasury Bills are stated at fair value and unrealised changes
in the fair value are reflected in other comprehensive income. There were
realised gains of £292,000 (2021: realised losses of £1,000) and unrealised
gains of £131,000 (2021: unrealised losses of £18,000) during the year.
19. Financial assets
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Financial assets at FVOCI:
(Loss) / gain on Deferred consideration (see note 6(ii)) (74) 30 - -
Gain on equity instrument 55 - - -
(19) 30 - -
The Bank acquired a new equity instrument in the previous financial year (See
note 33).
20. Loans and advances to customers
2022 2021
Gross Impairment Carrying Gross Impairment Carrying
Amount Allowance Value Amount Allowance Value
Group £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000
HP balances 87,142 (4,093) 83,049 71,789 (4,107) 67,682
Finance lease balances 21,513 (3,782) 17,731 28,131 (3,317) 24,814
Unsecured personal loans 47,735 (5,282) 42,453 31,267 (537) 30,730
Vehicle stocking plans 1,918 - 1,918 1,675 - 1,675
Wholesale funding arrangements 30,904 - 30,904 15,447 - 15,447
Block discounting 46,294 - 46,294 16,465 - 16,465
Secured commercial loans 12,753 (595) 12,158 11,099 (519) 10,580
Secured personal loans 1,867 (90) 1,777 1,739 - 1,739
Government backed loans 55,572 (381) 55,191 60,358 (239) 60,119
305,698 (14,223) 291,475 237,970 (8,719) 229,251
20. Loans and advances to customers
Collateral is held in the form of underlying assets for HP, finance leases,
vehicles stocking plans, block discounting, secured commercial and personal
loans and wholesale funding arrangements.
2022 2021
Allowance for impairment £000 £000
Balance at 1 January 8,464 6,824
Acquisition 4,620 -
Allowance for impairment made 7,642 5,457
Release of allowances previously made (3,612) (1,055)
Write-offs (3,106) (2,762)
Balance at 31 December 14,008 8,464
2022 2021
Collective allowance for impairment £000 £000
Balance at 1 January 255 297
Collective allowance for impairment made 244 77
Release of allowances previously made (284) (119)
Balance at 31 December 215 255
Total allowances for impairment 14,223 8,719
Advances on preferential terms are available to all Directors, management and
staff. As at 31 December 2022 £1,228,334 (2021: £945,625) had been lent on
this basis. In the Group's ordinary course of business, advances may be made
to Shareholders, but all such advances are made on normal commercial terms
(see note 36).
At the end of the current financial year 13 loan exposures (2021: 5) exceeded
10.0% of the capital base of the Bank:
Outstanding Balance Outstanding Balance
2022 2021 Facility
£000 £000 Limit
Exposure £000
Block discounting facility 68,209 16,465 40,536
Wholesale funding agreement 34,975 25,645 28,819
HP and finance lease receivables
Loans and advances to customers include the following HP and finance lease
receivables:
2022 2021
£000 £000
Less than one year 51,368 34,833
Between one and five years 57,287 58,949
Gross investment in HP and finance lease receivables 108,655 93,782
The investment in HP and finance lease receivables net of unearned income
comprises:
2022 2021
£000 £000
Less than one year 47,646 32,495
Between one and five years 53,134 54,994
Net investment in HP and finance lease receivables 100,780 87,489
21. Trade and other receivables
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Other debtors 2,334 1,449 494 1
Prepayments 1,877 498 68 100
VAT claim - - - 371
4,211 1,947 562 472
After consultation with its professional advisors, the Bank made a notice of
error correction ("NEC") to the Isle of Man Government Customs & Exercise
Division in respect of a repayment for overpaid VAT to the amount of £534,000
exclusive of statutory interest. The NEC relates to bad debt relief that was
not claimed during the period from 1 April 1989 to 18 March 1997. The Bank
recognised a receivable and income of £534,000 during 2020. The VAT claim was
settled in full and the Bank received £699,000 during 2021. An additional
recovery of £113,000 over and above the carrying amount was recognised in the
previous year's statement of profit or loss.
22. Property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets
Buildings and Leasehold
Improvements IT Furniture and Motor Right-of-use assets
Group £000 Equipment Equipment Vehicles(1) £000 Total
£000 £000 £000 £000
Cost
As at 1 January 2022 681 522 5,814 818 1,444 9,279
Acquisition of subsidiary - - 14 196 136 346
Additions 64 81 1,280 48 380 1,853
Disposals - - (1,369) (866) - (2,235)
As at 31 December 2022 745 603 5,739 196 1,960 9,243
Accumulated depreciation
As at 1 January 2022 427 387 765 238 205 2,022
Acquisition of subsidiary - - 14 65 - 79
Charge for year 15 69 452 38 180 754
Disposals - - (70) (256) - (326)
As at 31 December 2022 442 456 1,161 85 385 2,529
Carrying value at 31 December 2022 303 147 4,578 111 1,575 6,714
Carrying value at 31 December 2021 254 124 5,120 520 1,239 7,257
(1)Included in motor vehicles are operating leases with the Group as lessor.
Depreciation on leasing assets was £16,000 (2021: £269,000).
Buildings with an original cost of £160,000 were revalued by independent
valuers Vospers Limited to £175,000 on the basis of market value as at 15
September 2021. The valuation conforms to International Valuation Standards
and was based on recent market transactions on arm's length terms for similar
properties. The Directors consider the valuation of the buildings as at 31
December 2022 remains £175,000. The carrying amount that would have been
recognised had the building been carried under the cost model would be
£160,000.
Leasehold IT Furniture and Right-of use-assets
Improvements Equipment Equipment £000 Total
Company £000 £000 £000 £000
Cost
As at 1 January 2022 234 18 17 424 693
Additions - 2 1 - 3
As at 31 December 2022 234 20 18 424 696
Accumulated depreciation
As at 1 January 2022 234 6 9 181 430
Charge for year - - 2 63 65
As at 31 December 2022 234 6 11 244 495
Carrying value at 31 December 2022 - 14 7 180 201
Carrying value at 31 December 2021 - 12 8 243 263
23. Intangible assets
IT Software and Website Development
Customer Contracts Intellectual £000
£000 Property Rights Total
Group £000 £000
Cost
As at 1 January 2022 2,657 749 2,541 5,947
Acquisition of subsidiary (see note 32) 273 - - 273
Additions - 496 8 504
As at 31 December 2022 2,930 1,245 2,549 6,724
Accumulated amortisation
As at 1 January 2022 865 523 2,051 3,439
Charge for year 296 - 286 582
As at 31 December 2022 1,161 523 2,337 4,021
Carrying value at 31 December 2022 1,769 722 212 2,703
Carrying value at 31 December 2021 1,792 226 490 2,508
24. Deposits from customers
2022 2021
£000 £000
Retail customers: term deposits 291,238 242,788
Corporate customers: term deposits 12,961 10,671
304,199 253,459
25. Creditors and accrued charges
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
£000 £000 £000 £000
Other creditors and accruals 10,096 1,380 232 182
Commission creditors 1,398 1,520 - -
Lease liability 1,614 1,295 208 319
Taxation creditors - 550 - -
13,108 4,745 440 501
26. Deferred consideration
Deferred consideration relates to contingent payments due to the sellers on
the acquisition of BBSL and BLX respectively.
On acquisition of BBSL on 16 April 2019, the Group agreed to pay the selling
shareholders:
§ 50% of net profits in BBSL for 3 years post completion; and
§ 50% of the incremental net profit that the Group benefits from as a
result of taking up BBSL loan proposals post completion up until the third
anniversary.
This was to be paid on each anniversary with a final payment in year 4 for the
unrealised lending profit. The Group made final instalment and settlement of
this contingent consideration when it made the final payment of £781,095
during the period.
On the acquisition of BLX on 11 October 2021, the Group agreed that a further
conditional consideration of up to £483,663 is payable to the sellers in
addition to the cash consideration paid. The total amount payable is
contingent on the recovery of certain loans and advances found to be in
default at acquisition. The fair value on acquisition date was determined to
be £387,000. The Group made a payment of £156,093 to the sellers during the
period.
2022 2021
£000 £000
BBSL - 636
BLX 262 387
262 1,023
27. Loan notes
Group Company
2022 2021 2022 2021
Notes £000 £000 £000 £000
Related parties
J Mellon JM 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750
Burnbrae Limited BL 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200
Culminant Reinsurance Ltd CR 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
5,950 5,950 5,950 5,950
Unrelated parties UP 25,382 17,722 25,382 17,722
31,332 23,672 31,332 23,672
JM - Two loans, one of £1,250,000 maturing on 26 February 2025 with interest
payable of 5.4% per annum, and one of £500,000 maturing on 31 July 2027,
paying interest of 7.5% per annum. Both loans are convertible to ordinary
shares of the Company at the rate of 7.5 pence.
On 22 July 2022, JM and BL agreed to extend outstanding unsecured convertible
loans of £1,750,000, expiring on 31 July 2022, for a further five years to 31
July 2027. A loan of £1,250,000 million is from BL and the remaining loan of
£0.5 million is from JM himself. The new annual interest rate will be 7.5%
(previously 5.0%) and the new conversion price will be 8.0 pence per share
(previously 7.5 pence). All other terms are unchanged, including the ability
for the Company to repay the loans at any time during the period.
BL - Three loans, one of £1,200,000 maturing on 31 July 2027, paying interest
of 7.5% per annum, one of £1,000,000 maturing 25 February 2025, paying
interest of 5.4% per annum, and one of £1,000,000 maturing 28 February 2025
paying interest of 6% per annum. Jim Mellon is the beneficial owner of BL
and Denham Eke is also a director. The £1,200,000 loan is convertible at a
rate of 7.5 pence.
CR - One loan consisting of £1,000,000 maturing on 12 October 2025, paying
interest of 6.0% per annum. Greg Bailey, a director, is the beneficial owner
of CR.
UP - Forty loans (2021: Forty-three), the earliest maturity date is 5 January
2023 and the latest maturity is 1 September 2027.
With respect to the convertible loans, the interest rate applied was deemed by
the Directors to be equivalent to the market rate at the time with no
conversion option.
28. Pension liability
The Conister Trust Pension and Life Assurance Scheme ("Scheme") operated by
the Bank is a funded defined benefit arrangement which provides retirement
benefits based on final pensionable salary. The Scheme is closed to new
entrants and the last active member of the Scheme left pensionable service in
2011.
The Scheme is approved in the Isle of Man by the Assessor of Income Tax under
the Income Tax (Retirement Benefit Schemes) Act 1978 and must comply with the
relevant legislation. In addition, it is registered as an authorised scheme
with the FSA in the Isle of Man under the Retirement Benefits Scheme Act 2000.
The Scheme is subject to regulation by the FSA but there is no minimum funding
regime in the Isle of Man.
The Scheme is governed by two corporate trustees, Conister Bank Limited and
Boal & Co (Pensions) Limited. The trustees are responsible for the
Scheme's investment policy and for the exercise of discretionary powers in
respect of the Scheme's benefits.
Exposure to risk
The Company is exposed to the risk that additional contributions will be
required in order to fund the Scheme as a result of poor experience. Some of
the key factors that could lead to shortfalls are:
§ investment performance - the return achieved on the Scheme's assets may
be lower than expected; and
§ mortality - members could live longer than foreseen. This would mean that
benefits are paid for longer than expected, increasing the value of the
related liabilities.
In order to assess the sensitivity of the Scheme's pension liability to these
risks, sensitivity analysis have been carried out. Each sensitivity analysis
is based on changing one of the assumptions used in the calculations, with no
change in the other assumptions. [The same method has been applied as was used
to calculate the original pension liability and the results are presented in
comparison to that liability]. It should be noted that in practice it is
unlikely that one assumption will change without a movement in the other
assumptions; there may also be some correlation between some of these
assumptions. It should also be noted that the value placed on the liabilities
does not change on a straight line basis when one of the assumptions is
changed. For example, a 2.0% change in an assumption will not necessarily
produce twice the effect on the liabilities of a 1.0% change.
No changes have been made to the method or to the assumptions stress-tested
for these sensitivity analyses compared to the previous period. The investment
strategy of the Scheme has been set with regard to the liability profile of
the Scheme. However, there are no explicit asset-liability matching strategies
in place.
Restriction of assets
No adjustments have been made to the statement of financial position items as
a result of the requirements of IFRIC 14 - IAS 19: The Limit on a Defined
Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interaction, issued by
IASB's International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee.
Scheme amendments
There have not been any past service costs or settlements in the financial
year ending 31 December 2022 (2021: none).
Funding policy
The funding method employed to calculate the value of previously accrued
benefits is the Projected Unit Method. Following the cessation of accrual of
benefits when the last active member left service in 2011, regular future
service contributions to the Scheme are no longer required. However,
additional contributions will still be required to cover any shortfalls that
might arise following each funding valuation.
The most recent triennial full actuarial valuation was carried out at 31 March
2022, which showed that the market value of the Scheme's assets was
£1,432,000 representing 65.2% of the benefits that had accrued to members,
after allowing for expected future increases in earnings. As required by IAS
19: Employee Benefits, this valuation has been updated by the actuary as at 31
December 2022.
The amounts recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position are
as follows:
2022 2021
Total underfunding in funded plans recognised as a liability £000 £000
Fair value of plan assets 1,289 1,543
Present value of funded obligations (1,526) (2,230)
(237) (687)
2022 2021
Movement in the liability for defined benefit obligations £000 £000
Opening defined benefit obligations at 1 January 2,230 2,350
Benefits paid by the plan (75) (74)
Interest on obligations 44 32
Actuarial gain (673) (78)
Liability for defined benefit obligations at 31 December 1,526 2,230
2022 2021
Movement in plan assets £000 £000
Opening fair value of plan assets at 1 January 1,543 1,406
Expected return on assets 30 19
Contribution by employer 57 98
(Loss) / gain (266) 94
Benefits paid (75) (74)
Closing fair value of plan assets at 31 December 1,289 1,543
2022 2021
Expense recognised in income statement £000 £000
Interest on obligation 44 32
Expected return on plan assets (30) (19)
Total included in personnel costs 14 13
Actual (loss) / return on plan assets (236) 113
2022 2021
Actuarial gain / (loss) recognised in other comprehensive income £000 £000
(Loss) / gain on plan assets (266) 94
Actuarial gain on defined benefit obligations 673 78
407 172
2022 2021
Plan assets consist of the following % %
Equity securities 61 52
Corporate bonds 13 26
Government bonds 21 17
Cash 2 2
Other 3 3
100 100
2022 2021 2019
The actuarial assumptions used to calculate Scheme liabilities under IAS19 are % % %
as follows:
Rate of increase in pension in payment:
- Service up to 5 April 1997 - - -
- Service from 6 April 1997 to 13 September 2005 3.1 3.4 2.9
- Service from 14 September 2005 2.1 2.2 2.1
Rate of increase in deferred pensions 5.0 5.0 5.0
Discount rate applied to scheme liabilities 5.0 1.7 1.8
Inflation 3.2 3.5 3.0
The assumptions used by the actuary are best estimates chosen from a range of
possible assumptions, which due to the timescale covered, may not necessarily
be borne out in practice.
29. Called up share capital
Ordinary shares of no par value available for issue Number
At 31 December 2022 200,200,000
At 31 December 2021 200,200,000
Issued and fully paid: Ordinary shares of no par value Number £000
At 31 December 2022 115,072,988 19,195
At 31 December 2021 114,291,639 19,133
A. Analysis of changes in financing during the year
2022 2021
£000 £000
Balance at 1 January 44,100 41,846
Issue of loan notes 7,659 1,450
Issue of lease liability 520 993
Issue of shares via scrip dividend 62 12
Payment of lease liabilities (201) (201)
Balance at 31 December 52,140 44,100
The 2022 closing balance is represented by £19,195,000 share capital (2021:
£19,133,000), £31,332,000 of loan notes (2021: £23,672,000) and £1,614,000
lease liability (2021: £1,295,000).
B. Dividends
On 25 May 2022, MFG declared a dividend of £279,200 (2021: £196,800) which
could either be taken up in cash or new ordinary shares. 781,349 new shares
(2021: 161,562 new shares) were admitted to the Alternative Investment Market
("AIM") at 8.0205 pence per share (2021: 7.0575 pence per share), at a total
cost of £62,000 (2021: £12,000).
C. Convertible loans
There are three convertible loans totalling £2,950,000 (2021: £2,950,000)
(refer to note 27).
D. Share options and Restricted Stock Options
i. Issued during the financial year ended 31 December 2022
On 5 July 2022 and 27 October 2022, MFG granted Restricted Stock Units
("RSUs") under its 2022 RSU Plan. The Group has issued, in total, RSUs over
2,435,000 ordinary shares representing 2.1% of the issued share capital of the
Group, including 1,250,000 to certain directors and 1,185,000 to certain
employees. The RSUs will have a 2-year term and are subject to certain vesting
conditions based upon an overall growth in profitability. Any RSUs granted
will fall away should the recipient leave employment before the 2-year term
expires. Should the individual vesting conditions be satisfied at the end of
the term, the stock will be exercised at nil cost.
The Group directors who received RSUs are as follows:
§ Douglas Grant, Group Chief Executive Officer, who currently owns 533,951
ordinary shares in the Company representing a holding of 0.45% was issued
1,075,000 RSUs. Including 700,000 Share Options issued 24 June 2014, he would
hold a total of 2,308,951 ordinary shares, being 1.98% of the issued share
capital of the Company on a fully diluted basis; and
§ James Smeed, Group Finance Director, was issued 175,000 RSUs. On the same
basis, he would hold 0.15% of the new issued share capital of the Company.
The terms and conditions of the grants are as follows: and will be settled by
the physical delivery of shares.
Contractual life of options
Number of Units
Grant date / employees entitled
RSUs granted to key employees at 5 July 2022 1,020,000 2 years
RSUs granted to directors at 5 July 2022 1,100,000 2 years
RSUs granted to key employees at 27 October 2022 165,000 2 years
RSUs granted to directors at 27 October 2022 150,000 2 years
Total RSUs 2,435,000
The fair value of employee services received in return for restricted stock
units granted is based on the fair value of them measured using the
Black-Scholes formula. Service related and non-market performance conditions
were not taken into account in measuring fair value. The inputs used in
measuring the fair values at the grant of the equity-settled restricted stock
unit payment plans were as follows.
Grant at Grant at
Fair value of restricted stock units and assumptions 5 July 2022 27 October 2022
Share price at grant date 8.5 pence 14.0 pence
Exercise price nil nil
Expected volatility * ^ 55.14% 107.71%
Expected life (weighted average) 2 years 2 years
Risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds) * ^ 1.65% 3.15%
Forfeiture rate 0.00% 0.00%
Fair value at grant date 8.5 pence 14.0 pence
^ Based on past 3 years
* Annual rates
The expected volatility is based on both historical average share price
volatility and implied volatility derived from traded options over the group's
ordnary shares of maturity similar to those of the employee options.
The fair value of the liability is remeasured at each reporting date and at
settlement date.
The charge for the year for share options granted was £18,000 (2021: £nil).
ii. Issued during the financial year ended 31 December 2014
On 23 June 2014, 1,750,000 share options were issued to Executive Directors
and senior management within the Group at an exercise price of 14 pence per
share.
The options vest over three years with a charge based on the fair value of 8
pence per option at the date of grant. The period of grant is for 10 years
less 1 day ending 22 June 2024, with the condition of three-years continuous
employment being met.
Of the 1,750,000 share options issued, 1,050,000 (31 December 2021:1,050,000)
remain outstanding.
The fair value of services received in return for share options granted is
based on the fair value of share options granted, measured using a binomial
probability model with the following inputs for each award:
23 June
2014
Fair value at date of grant £0.08
Share price at date of grant £0.14
Exercise price £0.14
Expected volatility 55.0%
Option life 3
Risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds) 0.5%
Forfeiture rate 33.3%
30. List of associates
Set out below is a list of associates of the Group:
Group Group
2022 2021
£000 £000
Payitmonthly Ltd ("PIML") 155 136
155 136
In December 2017, 40.0% of the share capital of BLX was acquired for nil
consideration. During 2021 financial year, the Group obtained control of the
subsidiary. Prior to obtaining control, the share of the associate's total
comprehensive income during the year was £nil (2021: £22,000).
In August 2018, 30% of the share capital of PIML was acquired for £90,000
consideration. The Group's resulting share of the associate's total
comprehensive income during the year was £18,000 (2021: £10,000).
31. List of subsidiaries
Set out below is a list of direct subsidiaries of the Group:
Nature of 31 December Date of
Business 2022 Incorporation 2022 2021
Carrying value of investments % Holding £000 £000
Conister Bank Limited Asset and Personal Finance 100 05/12/1935 21,592 20,592
Edgewater Associates Limited Wealth Management 100 24/12/1996 2,005 2,005
TransSend Holdings Limited Holding Company 100 05/11/2007 - -
Manx Ventures Limited Holding Company 100 15/05/2009 - -
23,597 22,597
All subsidiaries are incorporated in the Isle of Man.
32. Subsidiaries and non-controlling interests
A. Acquisition of subsidiary
Payment Assist Limited ("PAL")
On 16 May 2022, the Group (through MVL) announced that it entered into an
agreement to acquire 50.1% of the shares and voting interests in UK focused,
point of sale lender PAL for a total consideration of £4.244 million payable
in cash. The acquisition was completed in September 2022.
Payment Assist ("PAL"), the UK's leading automotive repair point-of-sale
finance provider, works with premier national chains such as National Tyres,
Halfords and Formula One. PAL has diversified into insured products and
retail.
The agreement with PAL continues MFG's strategy of acquiring interests in high
quality specialist lenders.
PAL has contributed revenue of £3,407,000 and profit of £701,000 to the
Group's results. If the acquisition had occurred on 1 January 2022, management
estimates that the impact on consolidated interest income would have been
£9,190,000 and the impact on consolidated profit for the period would have
been £1,473,000.
In addition to the acquisition, MVL has agreed an option to acquire the
remaining 49.9% of Payment Assist for a variable cash consideration of 2 times
the average net profit per share at the point of exercise, subject to a
maximum of £5 million (the "Option"). The Option can be exercised by MVL at
any time for the period until PAL has declared a dividend for the financial
year ended 31 December 2026.
i. PAL - Consideration transferred
The following table summarises as at the acquisition date the fair value of
each major class of consideration transferred:
£000
Cash 4,244
Settlement of pre-existing relationship 23,490
27,734
ii. PAL - Settlement of pre-existing relationship
The Bank and PAL were parties to a Integrated Wholesale Facility loan
agreement and a Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan with the Bank as lender
and PAL as borrower. This pre-existing relationship was £23,102,116 when the
Group acquired PAL.
iii. PAL - Acquisition-related costs
The Group incurred acquisition-related costs of £101,229 relating to external
legal fees and due diligence costs. These costs have been included in 'other
costs' in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive
income.
iv. PAL - Identifiable assets acquired, and liabilities assumed
The following table summarises the recognised amounts of assets acquired, and
liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
£000
Intangible assets - customer related 273
Property and equipment 269
Trade and other receivables 10
Loans and advances to customers 25,384
Cash and cash equivalents 1,875
Creditors and accrued charges (4,744)
Total identifiable net assets acquired 23,067
v. PAL - Measurement of fair values
The valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value of material assets
acquired were as follows:
Assets acquired Valuation technique
Intangible assets Multi-period excess earnings method: The multi-period excess earnings method
considers the present value of net cash flows expected to be generated by the
customer relationships.
vi. PAL - Goodwill
The goodwill arising from the acquisition has been recognised as follows:
£'000
Total consideration transferred 27,734
Non-controlling interest, based on their proportionate interest in the (211)
recognised amounts
Fair value of identifiable net assets (23,067)
Goodwill 4,456
The Business Lending Exchange ("BLX")
On 11 October 2021, the Group (through MVL) announced that it entered into an
agreement to acquire 60% of the shares and voting interests in BLX. As a
result, the Group's equity interest in BLX increased from 40% to 100%, thereby
obtaining control of BLX.
Regulated by the FCA under Consumer Credit Authorisations, BLX primarily lends
to start-up companies and small businesses which require asset backed finance.
The acquisition strengthens the Group's strategy of developing a network of
niche loan brokers within the UK.
The consideration transferred was £6,524,000 and transaction costs of
£25,000 were incurred. The net fair value of identifiable assets acquired and
liabilities assumed was £5,488,000. Goodwill of £1,098,000 was recognised.
In 2021 the remeasurement to fair value of the Bank's existing 20% interest in
BLX resulted in a gain of £660,000 (£872,000 less the £212,000 carrying
amount of the equity accounted investee at the date of acquisition). This
amount was included separately in prior year's statement of profit or loss and
other comprehensive income.
Blue Star Business Solutions Limited ("BBSL")
On 16 April 2019, the Group (through MVL) acquired 100% of the shares and
voting interest in BBSL, obtaining control of BBSL. The Group agreed to pay
the selling shareholders:
§ 50% of net profits in BBSL for 3 years post completion; and
§ 50% of the incremental net profit that the Group benefits from as a
result of taking up BBSL loan proposals post completion up until the third
anniversary.
This is to be paid on each anniversary with a final payment in year 4 for the
unrealised lending profit. The total consideration is to have a cap of
£4,000,000 in total. The contingent consideration is calculated by
forecasting 3 years of net profits discounted using an interest rate of 14.0%
per annum. The range of contingent consideration payable is £nil to
£2,500,000.
The remaining contingent consideration payable was remeasured during the
period with an interest expense charge of £35,067 and remeasurement loss of
£109,916. A final payment of £781,095 was paid during the period. There is
no further consideration or amounts due to the sellers of BBSL.
B. NCI in subsidiaries
The following table summarises the information about the Group's subsidiaries
that have material NCI, before any intra-group eliminations.
31 December 2022
£'000 PAL NRF Total
NCI percentage 49.9% 10%
Cash and cash equivalents 2,584 219
Loans and advances to customers 9,818 -
Trade and other receivables 1,116 941
Property, plant and equipment 15 4,507
Intangible assets 251 27
Loans and borrowings (3,089) (4,355)
Creditors and accrued charges (10,416) (628)
Deferred tax - (217)
Net assets 279 494
Carrying amount of NCI 140 49 189
Revenue 3,407 1,660
Profit 701 238
OCI - -
Total comprehensive income 724 238
Profit allocated to NCI 350 (7) 343
OCI allocated to NCI - - -
Operating activities cashflows 585 87
Investing activities cashflows 124 (158)
Financing activities cashflows - (12)
Net increase / (decrease) in cashflows 709 (82)
33. Acquisition of financial instrument
On 9 June 2021 the Group acquired 10% of the issued share capital of RFG for
nil consideration. The receipt of the issued share capital is considered to be
a commitment fee receivable by the Group in order to originate loan facilities
in aggregate not exceeding £6,250,000 to RFG. The commitment fee is an
integral part of the effective interest rate of the associated loan facilities
issued to RFG.
The Group is not considered to have a significant influence over RFG as it
holds less than a 20% shareholding and is not considered to participate in the
policy making decisions of the entity. The 10% shareholding has thus been
classified as a financial instrument.
The Group continues to obtain information necessary to measure the fair value
of the shares obtained. The fair value of the financial instrument received
has been determined as £122,000 (2021: £68,000) based on the proportionate
share of the net asset value of RFG. There has been no change to fair value at
year-end.
As part of the transaction, the Group has been granted two warrants to acquire
further shares. The first warrant is for 5% of the share capital and the
second warrant is for a further 5% of the share capital.
The two warrants are exercisable dependent upon the Group's banking
subsidiary, the Bank, contracting with RFG, for a larger facility. The fair
value of the two warrants has been determined to be nil due to the significant
uncertainty that exists at acquisition date and the period end in issuing a
further debt facility.
34. Goodwill
Group Group
2022 2021
Cash generating unit £000 £000
PAL (see Note 32) 4,456 -
EAL 1,649 1,849
BLX 1,908 1,908
BBSL 1,390 1,390
NRFL 678 678
Manx Collections Limited ("MCL") 454 454
Three Spires Insurance Services Limited ("Three Spires") 41 41
10,576 6,320
As at 31 December 2022, no indications of impairment have been assessed on the
PAL goodwill following its recognition on the Group's Statement of Financial
Position (see Note 32).
The goodwill is considered to have an indefinite life and is reviewed on an
annual basis by comparing its estimated recoverable amount with its carrying
value. The key assumptions used in the estimation of the recoverable amount
are set out in this note. The recoverable amount of the CGUs discussed in this
note were each based on value in use. The values assigned to key assumptions
represents management's assessment of future trends in the relevant industries
and have been based on historical data from both external and internal
sources.
The estimated recoverable amount in relation to the EAL CGU (including also
goodwill generated on acquisition of EAL) is based on the forecasted 3 year
cash flow projections, extrapolated to 10 years using a 2.0% annual increment,
and then discounted using a 14.0% discount factor. The sensitivity of the
analysis was tested using additional discount factors of 15.0% and 20.0% on
stable profit levels. An impairment loss on EAL goodwill of £200,000 has been
recognised during the year.
The estimated recoverable amount in relation to the goodwill generated on the
purchase of BLX is based on forecasted 3 year interest income calculated at an
average yield of 8%, with a terminal value calculated using a 3.0% growth rate
of net income and then discounted using a 14.0% discount factor. The
sensitivity of the analysis was tested using additional discount factors of up
to 20.0% on varying interest income growth rates.
The estimated recoverable amount in relation to the goodwill generated on the
purchase of BBSL is based on forecasted 3 year interest income calculated at
an average yield of 8%, with a terminal value calculated using a 3.0% growth
rate of net income and then discounted using a 14.0% discount factor. The
sensitivity of the analysis was tested using additional discount factors of up
to 20.0% on varying interest income growth rates.
The estimated recoverable amount in relation to the goodwill generated on the
purchase of NRFL is based on a 4 year sales forecast, extrapolated to 14 years
using a 1.5% annual increment, and then discounted using a 12% discount
factor. The sensitivity of the
analysis was tested using additional discount factors of up to 20.0% on
varying sales volumes. On the basis of the above reviews no impairment to
goodwill has been made in the current year.
The estimated recoverable amount in relation to the goodwill generated on the
purchase of MCL is based on forecasted 3-year sales interest income calculated
at 5.0% margin. This is extrapolated to 10 years using a 2.0% annual
increment, and then discounted using a 11.0% discount factor. The sensitivity
of the analysis was tested using additional discount factors of 15.0% and
20.0% on varying sales volumes.
The goodwill generated on the purchase of Three Spires has been reviewed at
the current year end and is considered adequate given its income streams
referred to EAL. Based on the above no impairment to goodwill has been made
in the current year.
35. Investment in Group undertakings
Amounts owed to Group undertakings
Amounts owed to and from Group undertakings are unsecured, interest-free and
repayable on demand.
Subordinated loans
MFG has issued several subordinated loans as part of its equity funding into
the Bank and EAL.
Interest rate 2022 2021
Creation Maturity % p.a. £000 £000
Conister Bank Limited
11 February 2014 11 February 2024 7.0 500 500
27 May 2014 27 May 2024 7.0 500 500
9 July 2014 9 July 2024 7.0 500 500
17 September 2014 17 September 2026 7.0 400 400
22 July 2013 22 July 2033 7.0 1,000 1,000
25 October 2013 22 October 2033 7.0 1,000 1,000
23 September 2016 23 September 2036 7.0 1,100 1,100
14 June 2017 14 June 2037 7.0 450 450
12 June 2018 12 June 2038 7.0 2,000 2,000
Edgewater Associates Limited
21 February 2017 21 February 2027 7.0 150 150
14 May 2017 14 May 2027 7.0 128 128
7,728 7,728
36. Related party transactions
Cash deposits
During the year, the Bank held cash on deposit on behalf of Jim Mellon
(Executive Chairman of MFG). At 31 December total deposits amounted to
£94,475 (2021: £507,908), at normal commercial interest rates in accordance
with the standard rates offered by the Bank.
Key management remuneration including Executive Directors
2022 2021
£000 £000
Remuneration 516 440
Performance Related Pay 68 51
Pension 41 34
625 525
Employment benefits include gross salaries, performance related pay, employer
defined contributions and restricted stock units (Note 29D).
As at 31 December 2022, Douglas Grant had £376,163 (2021: £107,386)
outstanding to repay in Loans and advances to Conister Bank Limited, paying an
average interest of 7.0% (2021: 2.54%); and James Smeed, £15,463 (2021:
£29,756), paying an average interest of 3.01% (2021: 2.65%). No impairment is
held in respect of these amounts.
Intercompany recharges
Various intercompany recharges are made during the course of the year as a
result of the Bank settling debts in other Group companies.
Loan advance to EAL
On 14 December 2016, a loan advance was made to EAL by the Bank in order to
provide the finance required to acquire MBL. The advance was for £700,000
at an interest rate of 8% per annum repayable over 6 years. A negative
pledge was given by EAL to not encumber any property or assets or enter into
an arrangement to borrow any further monies. The balance as at 31 December
2022 was £nil (2021: £140,950).
Loan advance to PIML
On 24 May 2018, a £500,000 loan facility was made available to PIML by the
Bank in order to provide the finance required to expand its operations. The
facility is for 12 months. Interest is charged at commercial rates. At 31
December 2022, £1,241,000 (2021: £1,219,000) had been advanced to PIML. No
impairment is held in respect of these amounts.
Subordinated loans
The Company has advanced £7,450,000 (2021: £7,450,000) of subordinated loans
to the Bank and £278,000 (2021: £278,000) to EAL as at 31 December 2022. See
note 34 for more details.
37. Leases
A. Leases as lessee
The Group leases the head office building in the Isle of Man. The lease's term
is 10 years with an option to renew the lease after that date. Lease payments
are renegotiated every 10 years to reflect market rentals.
The Group leases an office unit in the United Kingdom and IT equipment with
contract terms of 2 to 3 years. These leases are short-term and / or leases of
low-value items. The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets
and lease liabilities for these leases.
Information about leases for which the Group is a lessee is presented below.
i. Right-of-use assets
Right-of-use assets related to leased properties that do not meet the
definition of investment property are presented as property, plant and
equipment.
Land and Buildings
Total
Group £000 £000
Cost
As at 1 January 2022 1,444 1,444
Acquisition of subsidiary 136 136
Additions 380 380
As at 31 December 2022 1,960 1,960
Accumulated depreciation
As at 1 January 2022 205 205
Charge for the year 180 180
Eliminated on disposals - -
As at 31 December 2022 385 385
Carrying value at 31 December 2022 1,575 1,575
Carrying value at 31 December 2021 1,239 1,239
ii. Amounts recognised in profit or loss
2022 2021
£000 £000
Interest on lease liabilities 78 42
Depreciation expense 180 162
Expenses relating to short-term leases and low-value assets 92 64
iii. Amounts recognised in statement of cash flows
2022 2021
£000 £000
Total cash outflow for leases 280 243
iv. Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable in respect of property
as follows:
2022 2021
£000 £000
Less than one year 92 64
Between one and five years 184 128
Over five years - -
Total operating lease rentals payable 276 192
38. Regulators
Certain Group subsidiaries are regulated by the FSA and the FCA as detailed
below.
The Bank and EAL are regulated by the FSA under a Class 1(1) - Deposit Taking
licence and Class 2 - Investment Business licence respectively. The Bank and
CFL are regulated by the FCA to provide regulated products and services.
39. Contingent liabilities
The Bank is required to be a member of the Isle of Man Government Depositors'
Compensation Scheme which was introduced by the Isle of Man Government under
the Banking Business (Compensation of Depositors) Regulations 1991 and creates
a liability on the Bank to participate in the compensation of depositors
should it be activated.
40. Non-IFRS measures
Non-IFRS measures included in the financial statements include the following:
Measure Description
Net trading income Net trading income represents net interest income and contributions from
non-interest income activities.
Operating income Operating income represents net trading income other operating income and
gains or losses on financial instruments
41. Subsequent events
There were no subsequent events occurring after 31 December 2022.
42. Financial risk management
A. Introduction and overview
The Group has exposure to the following risks from financial instruments:
§ credit risk;
§ liquidity risk;
§ market risk; and
§ operational risk.
Risk management framework
The Board has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of
the Group's risk management framework. The Board has established the ARCC,
which is responsible for approving and monitoring Group risk management
policies. The ARCC is assisted in its oversight role by Internal Audit.
Internal Audit undertakes both regular and ad hoc reviews of risk management
controls and procedures, the results of which are reported to the ARCC.
The Group's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse
the risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and
to monitor risks and adherence to limits. The risk management policies and
systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the
Group's activities. The Group, though its training and management standards
and procedures, aims to develop a disciplined and constructive control
environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.
B. Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or
counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual
obligations, and arises principally from the Group's loans and advances to
customers and investment debt securities. Credit risk includes counterparty,
concentration, underwriting and credit mitigation risks.
Management of credit risk
The Bank's Board of Directors created the Credit Committee which is
responsible for managing credit risk, including the following:
§ Formulating credit policies in consultation with business units, covering
collateral requirements, credit assessments, risk grading and reporting,
documentary and legal procedures, and compliance with regulatory and statutory
requirements;
§ Establishing the authorisation structure for the approval and renewal of
credit facilities. Authorisation limits are allocated in line with credit
policy;
§ Reviewing and assessing credit risk: The Credit Committee assesses all
credit exposures in excess of designated limits, before facilities are
committed to customers. Renewals and reviews of facilities are subject to the
same review process.
§ Limiting concentrations of exposures to counterparties, geographies and
industries, by issuer, credit rating band, market liquidity and country (for
debt securities);
§ Developing and maintaining risk gradings to categorise exposures
according to the degree of risk of default. The current risk grading consists
of 3 grades reflecting varying degrees of risk of default;
§ Developing and maintaining the Group's process for measuring ECL: This
includes processes for:
o initial approval, regular validation and back-testing of the models used;
o determining and monitoring significant increase in credit risk; and
o the incorporation of forward-looking information; and
§ Reviewing compliance with agreed exposure limits. Regular reports on the
credit quality of portfolios are provided to the Credit Committee which may
require corrective action to be taken.
C. Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting
obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by
delivering cash or another financial asset. Liquidity risk arises from
mismatches in the timing and amounts of cash flows, which is inherent to the
Group's operations and investments.
Management of liquidity risk
The Group's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible,
that it will always have enough liquidity to meet its liabilities when they
are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring
unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group's reputation. The key
elements of the Group's liquidity strategy are as follows:
§ Funding base: offering six-months to five-year fixed term deposit
structure with no early redemption option. This means the Bank is not subject
to optionality risk where customers redeem fixed rate products where there may
be a better rate available within the market;
§ Funding profile: the Bank has a matched funding profile and does not
engage in maturity transformation which means that on a cumulative mismatch
position the Bank is forecast to be able to meet all liabilities as they fall
due;
§ Monitoring maturity mismatches, behavioural characteristics of the
Group's financial assets and financial liabilities, and the extent to which
the Group's assets are encumbered and so not available as potential collateral
for obtaining funding;
§ Liquidity buffer: the Bank maintains a liquidity buffer of 10.0% of its
deposit liabilities, with strict short-term mismatch limits of 0.0% for sight
to three months and -5.0% for sight to six months. This ensures that the Bank
is able to withstand any short-term liquidity shock; and
§ Interbank market: the Bank has no exposure to the interbank lending
market. The Bank has no reliance on liquidity via the wholesale markets. In
turn, if market conditions meant access to the wholesale funding was
constrained as per the 2008 credit crisis, this would have no foreseeable
effect on the Bank.
The Bank's liquidity position is monitored daily against internal and external
limits agreed with the FSA and according to the Bank's Liquidity Policy. The
Bank also has a Liquidity Contingency Policy and Liquidity Contingency
Committee in the event of a liquidity crisis or potential liquidity disruption
event occurring.
The Treasury department receives information from other business units
regarding the liquidity profile of their financial assets and financial
liabilities and details of other projected cash flows arising from projected
future business. Treasury then maintains a portfolio of short-term liquid
assets, largely made up of short-term liquid investment securities, loans and
advances to banks and other inter-bank facilities, to ensure that sufficient
liquidity is maintained within the Group as a whole.
Regular liquidity stress testing is conducted under a variety of scenarios
covering both normal and more severe market conditions. The scenarios are
developed considering both Group-specific events and market-related events
(e.g. prolonged market illiquidity).
D. Market risk
Market risk is the risk that of changes in market prices; e.g. interest rates,
equity prices, foreign exchange rates and credit spreads (not relating to
changes in the obligor's / issuer's credit standing), will affect the Group's
income or value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of the
Group's market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures
within acceptable parameters to ensure the Group's solvency while optimising
the return on risk.
Management of market risks
Overall authority for market risk is vested in the Assets and Liabilities
Committee ("ALCO") which sets up limits for each type of risk. Group finance
is responsible for the development of risk management policies (subject to
review and approval by the ALCO) and for the day-to-day review of their
implementation.
Foreign exchange risk
The Bank is not subject to foreign exchange risks and its business is
conducted in pounds sterling.
Equity risk
The Group has investment in associates which are carried at cost adjusted for
the Group's share of net asset value. The Bank has access to these accounts.
The Bank's exposure to market risk is not considered significant given the low
carrying amount of the investment.
The Group's does not hold any investments in listed equities.
Interest rate risk
The principal potential interest rate risk that the Bank is exposed to is the
risk that the fixed interest rate and term profile of its deposit base differs
materially from the fixed interest rate and term profile of its asset base, or
basis and term structure risk.
Additional interest rate risk may arise for banks where (a) customers are able
to react to market sensitivity and redeem fixed rate products and (b) where a
bank has taken out interest rate derivate hedges especially against
longer-term interest rate risk, where the hedge moves against the bank.
However, neither of these risks apply to the Bank.
Interest rate risk for the Bank is not deemed to be currently material due to
the Bank's matched funding profile. Any interest rate risk assumed by the Bank
will arise from a reduction in interest rates, in a rising environment due to
the nature of the Bank's products and its matched funded profile. The Bank
should be able to increase its lending rate to match any corresponding rise in
its cost of funds, notwithstanding its inability to vary rates on its existing
loan book. The Bank attempts to efficiently match its deposit taking to its
funding requirements.
E. Operational risk
Operational risk is the risk of direct or indirect loss arising from a wide
variety of causes associated with the Group's processes, personnel, technology
and infrastructure, and from external factors other than credit, market and
liquidity risks - e.g. those arising from legal and regulatory requirements
and generally accepted standards of corporate behaviour. Operational risks
arise from all of the Group's operations.
Management of operational risk
The Group's objective is to manage operational risk so as to balance the
avoidance of financial losses and damage to the Group's reputation with
overall cost effectiveness and innovation. In all cases, Group policy requires
compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
The Group has developed standards for the management of operational risk in
the following areas:
§ Business continuity planning;
§ Requirements for appropriate segregation of duties, including the
independent authorisation of transactions;
§ Requirements for the reconciliation and monitoring of transactions;
§ Compliance with regulatory and other legal requirements;
§ Documentation of controls and procedures;
§ Periodic assessment of operational risks faced, and the adequacy of
controls and procedures to address the risks identified;
§ Requirements for the reporting of operational losses and proposed
remedial action;
§ Development of contingency plans;
§ Training and professional development;
§ Ethical and business standards;
§ Information technology and cyber risks; and
§ Risk mitigation, including insurance where this is cost-effective.
Compliance with Group standards is supported by a programme of periodic
reviews undertaken by Internal Audit. The results of Internal Audit reviews
are reported to the ARCC.
43. Basis of measurement
The financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis, except for
the following material items:
Items Measurement basis
FVTPL - Trading asset Fair value
FVOCI - Debt securities Fair value
Land and buildings Fair value
Deferred consideration Fair value
Net defined benefit liability Fair value of plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit
obligation
44. Significant accounting policies
The Group has adopted the following new standards and amendments to standards,
including any consequential amendments to other standards, with a date of
initial application of 1 January 2022:
§ Amendment to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial
Reporting Standards-Subsidiary as a First-time Adopter (issued on 12 April
2022);
§ Amendment to IFRS 9 Financial Instruments-Fees in the '10 per cent' Test
for Derecognition of Financial Liabilities (issued on 12 April 2022);
§ Amendment to IAS 41 Agriculture - Taxation in Fair Value Measurements
(issued on 12 April 2022);
§ Amendments to IAS 37: Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract
(issued on 12 April 2022);
§ Amendments to IAS 16: Property and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended
Use (issued on 12 April 2022); and
§ Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards
(issued on 12 April 2022).
No significant changes followed the implementation of these standards and
amendments.
New standards and amendments to standards, adopted but not yet effective with
an initial application of 1 January 2023:
§ Adoption of IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (issued on 17 May 2022);
§ Adoption of Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1 and
IFRS Practice Statement 2) (issued on 2 December 2022);
§ Adoption of Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8)
(issued on 2 December 2022); and
§ Adoption of Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a
Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12) (issued on 2 December 2022)
No significant changes are anticipated followed the implementation of the
standards and amendments effective on 1 January 2023.
The Group has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all
periods presented in these financial statements.
Set out below is an index of the significant accounting policies:
A. Basis of consolidation of subsidiaries and separate financial statements of the Company
i. Business combinations
The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method when
control is transferred to the Group. The consideration transferred does not
include amounts related to the settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such
amounts are generally recognised in profit or loss.
Any contingent consideration is measured at fair value at the date of
acquisition. If an obligation to pay contingent consideration that meets the
definition of a financial instruments is classified as equity, then it is not
measured, and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, other
contingent consideration is remeasured at fair value at each reporting date
and subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are
recognised in profit or loss.
ii. Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an
entity if it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its
involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns
through its control over the entity. The Group reassesses whether it has
control if there are changes to one or more of the elements of control. This
includes circumstances in which protective rights held (e.g. those resulting
from a lending relationship) become substantive and lead to the Group having
power over an investee. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included
in the consolidated financial statements from the date on which control
commences until the date on which control ceases.
iii. Non-controlling interests ("NCI")
NCI are measured initially at their proportionate share of the acquiree's
identifiable net assets at the date of acquisition.
Changes in the Group's interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss
of control are accounted for as equity transactions.
iv. Loss of control
When the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognises the assets and
liabilities of the subsidiary, and any related NCI and other components of
equity. Any resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss. Any
interest retained in the former subsidiary is measured at fair value when
control is lost.
v. Transactions eliminated on consolidation
Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses
arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated in preparing the
consolidated financial statements. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the
same way as unrealised gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence
of impairment.
vi. Separate financial statements of the Company
In the separate financial statements of the Company, interests in
subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are accounted for at cost.
B. Interests in equity accounted investees
The Group's interests in equity accounted investees may comprise interests in
associates and joint ventures.
Associates are those entities in which the Group has significant influence,
but not control or joint control, over the financial and operating policies. A
joint venture is an arrangement in which the Group has joint control, whereby
the Group has rights to the net assets of the arrangement, rather than rights
to its assets and obligations for its liabilities.
Interests in associates and joint ventures are accounted for using the equity
method. They are initially recognised at cost, which includes transaction
costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, the consolidated financial
statements include the Group's share of the profit or loss and OCI of equity
accounted investees, until the date on which significant influence or joint
control ceases.
C. Interest
Interest income and expense are recognised in profit or loss using the
effective interest rate method.
i. Effective interest rate
The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated
future cash payments or receipts of the financial instrument to the gross
carrying amount of the financial asset or amortised cost of the financial
liability. When calculating the effective interest rate for financial assets,
the Group estimates future cash flows considering all contractual terms of the
financial instruments, including origination fees, loan incentives, broker
fees payable, estimated early repayment charges, balloon payments and all
other premiums and discounts. It also includes direct incremental transaction
costs related to the acquisition or issue of the financial instrument. The
calculation does not consider future credit losses.
ii. Amortised cost and gross carrying amount
The amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability is the amount
at which the financial asset or financial liability is measured on initial
recognition minus the principal repayments, plus or minus the cumulative
amortisation using the effective interest method of any difference between
that initial amount and the maturity amount and, for financial assets,
adjusted for any expected credit loss allowance.
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is the amortised cost of a
financial asset before adjusting for any expected credit loss allowance.
iii. Calculation of interest income and expense
In calculating interest income and expense, the effective interest rate is
applied to the gross carrying amount of the asset (when the asset is not
credit-impaired) or to the amortised cost of the liability.
However, for financial assets that have become credit-impaired subsequent to
initial recognition, interest income is calculated by applying the effective
interest rate to the amortised cost of the financial asset. If the asset is no
longer credit-impaired, then the calculation of interest income reverts to the
gross basis.
D. Fee and commission income
The Group generates fee and commission income through provision of independent
financial advice, insurance brokerage agency, introducer of foreign exchange
services and commissions from brokering business finance for small and medium
sized enterprises.
Independent financial advice and insurance brokerage agency
Income represents commission arising on services and premiums relating to
policies and other investment products committed during the year, as well as
renewal commissions having arisen on services and premiums relating to
policies and other investment products committed during the year and previous
years and effective at the balance sheet date. Income is recognised on the
date that policies are submitted to product providers with an appropriate
discount being applied for policies not completed. As a way to estimate what
is due at the year-end, a "not proceeded with" rate of 10.0% for pipeline life
insurance products and 0.0% for non-life insurance pipeline is assumed.
Renewal commissions are estimated by taking the historical amount written
pro-rata to 3 months.
Other
Income other than that directly related to the loans is recognised over the
period for which service has been provided or on completion of an act to which
the fee relates.
E. Leases
At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or
contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys
the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in
exchange for consideration.
i. As a lessee
At commencement or on modification of a contract that contains a lease
component, the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease
component on the basis of its relative stand-alone prices. However, for the
leases of property the Group has elected not to separate non-lease components
and as a result, accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single
lease component.
The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease
commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which
comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease
payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct
costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying
asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located,
less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line
method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the
lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Group by the end of
the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group
will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be
depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined
on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the
right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and
adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease
payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the
interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily
determined, the Group's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Group uses
its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.
The Group determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest
rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to
reflect the terms of the lease and the type of the asset leased.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the
following:
§ Fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;
§ Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially
measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;
§ Amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and
§ The exercise price under a purchase option that the Group is reasonably
certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Group
is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option, and penalties for early
termination of a lease unless the Group is reasonably certain not to terminate
early.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest
method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments
arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group's
estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value
guarantee, if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a
purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised
in-substance fixed lease payment.
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment
is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in
profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been
reduced to zero.
The Group presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of
investment property in 'property, plant and equipment' and lease liabilities
in 'loans and borrowings' in the statement of financial position.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease
liabilities for leases of low-value assets and short-term leases, including IT
equipment. The Group recognises the lease payments associated with these
leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
ii. As a lessor
At inception or on modification of a contract that contains a lease component,
the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component
on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices.
When the Group acts as a lessor, it determines at lease inception whether each
lease is a finance or an operating lease.
To classify each lease, the Group makes an overall assessment of whether the
lease transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to
ownership of the underlying asset. If this is the case, then the lease is a
finance lease; if not, then it is an operating lease. As part of this
assessment, the Group considers certain indicators such as whether the lease
is for the major part of the economic life of the asset.
Finance leases and HP contracts
When assets are subject to a finance lease or HP contract, the present value
of the lease payments is recognised as a receivable. The difference between
the gross receivable and the present value of the receivable is recognised as
unearned finance income. HP and lease income is recognised over the term of
the contract or lease reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the net
investment in the contract or lease. Initial direct costs, which may include
commissions and legal fees directly attributable to negotiating and arranging
the contract or lease, are included in the measurement of the net investment
of the contract or lease at inception.
Operating leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership
are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made
under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are
charged to profit or loss and other comprehensive income on a straight-line
basis over the period of the lease.
F. Income tax
Current and deferred taxation
Current taxation relates to the estimated corporation tax payable in the
current financial year. Deferred taxation is provided in full, using the
liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated
financial statements. Deferred tax is not recognised for taxable temporary
differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill and temporary
differences related to investments in subsidiaries and associates to the
extent that the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the
temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the
foreseeable future.
Deferred taxation is determined using tax rates, and laws that have been
enacted or substantially enacted by the reporting date and are expected to
apply when the related deferred tax is realised. Deferred taxation assets are
recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will
be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.
G. Financial assets and financial liabilities
i. Recognition and initial measurement
The Group initially recognises loans and advances, deposits, debt securities
issued and subordinated liabilities on the date on which they are originated.
All other financial instruments including regular-way purchases and sales of
financial assets are recognised on the trade date, which is the date on which
the Group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
A financial asset or financial liability is measured initially at fair value
plus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly
attributable to its acquisition or issue.
ii. Classification
Financial assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at
amortised cost, FVOCI or FVTPL.
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the
following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
§ The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold
assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
§ The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates
to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest ("SPPI").
A debt instrument is measured at FVOCI only if it meets both of the following
conditions and is not designated as FVTPL:
§ The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by
both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
§ The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates
to cash flows that are SPPI.
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading,
the Group may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in fair value in
OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.
All other financial assets are classified as measured at FVTPL.
In addition, on initial recognition, the Group may irrevocably designate a
financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at
amortised cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly
reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.
Business model assessment
The Group makes an assessment of the objective of a business model in which an
asset is held at a portfolio level because this best reflects the way the
business is managed and information provided to management.
Assessment of whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal
and interest
For the purposes of this assessment, 'principal' is defined as the fair value
of the financial asset on initial recognition. 'Interest' is defined as
consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated
with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and
for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and
administrative costs), as well as profit margin.
In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are SPPI, the Group considers
the contractual terms of the instrument. This includes assessing whether the
financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or
amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition.
Reclassifications
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition,
except in the period after the Group changes its business model for managing
financial assets.
Financial liabilities
The Group classifies its financial liabilities, other than financial
guarantees and loan commitments, as measured at amortised cost.
iii. Derecognition
Financial assets
The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the
cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when it transfers the rights to
receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all
of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred
or in which the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the
risks and rewards of ownership and it does not retain control of the financial
asset.
On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the carrying
amount of the asset (or the carrying amount allocated to the portion of the
asset derecognised) and the sum of (i) the consideration received (including
any new asset obtained less any new liability assumed) and (ii) any cumulative
gain or loss that had been recognised in OCI is recognised in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities
The Group derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations
are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
iv. Modifications of financial assets and financial liabilities
Financial assets
If the terms of a financial asset are modified, then the Group evaluates
whether the cash flows of the modified asset are substantially different.
If the cash flows are substantially different, the contractual rights to cash
flows from the original financial asset are deemed to have expired. In this
case, the original financial asset is derecognised and a new financial asset
is recognised at fair value plus any eligible transaction costs.
If the cash flows are modified when the borrower is in financial difficulties,
then the objective of the modification is usually to maximise recovery of the
original contractual terms rather than to originate a new asset with
substantially different terms. If the Group plans to modify a financial asset
in a way that would result in forgiveness of cash flows, then it first
considers whether a portion of the asset should be written off before the
modification takes place. This approach impacts the result of the quantitative
evaluation and means that the derecognition criteria are not usually met in
such cases.
If the modification of a financial asset measured at amortised cost or FVOCI
does not result in derecognition of the financial asset, then the Group first
recalculates the gross carrying amount of the financial asset using the
original effective interest rate of the asset and recognises the resulting
adjustment as a modification gain or loss in profit or loss. Any costs or fees
incurred and fees received as part of the modification adjust the gross
carrying amount of the modified financial asset and are amortised over the
remaining term of the modified financial asset. If such modification is
carried out because of financial difficulties of the borrower, then the gain
or loss is presented together with impairment losses. In other cases, it is
presented as interest income calculated using the effective interest rate
method.
Financial liabilities
The Group derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and
the cash flows of the modified liability are substantially different. In this
case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at
fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial
liability derecognised and consideration paid is recognised in profit or loss.
Consideration paid includes non-financial assets transferred, if any, and the
assumption of liabilities, including the new modified financial liability.
If the modification of a financial liability is not accounted for as
derecognition, then the amortised cost of the liability is recalculated by
discounting the modified cash flows at the original effective interest rate
and the resulting gain or losses recognised in profit or loss. Any costs and
fee incurred are recognised as an adjustment of the carrying amount of the
liability and amortised over the remaining term of the modified financial
liability by re-computing the effective interest rate on the instrument.
v. Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount
presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the
Group currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it
intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and
settle the liability simultaneously.
Income and expenses are presented on a net basis only when permitted under
IFRS, or for gains and losses arising from a group of similar transactions
such as in the Group's trading activity.
vi. Fair value measurement
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to
transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at
the measurement date in the principal or, in its absence, the most
advantageous market to which the Group has access at the date. The fair value
of a liability reflects its non-performance risk.
The Group recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy as
of the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.
The Group measures fair values using the following fair value hierarchy, which
reflects the significance of the inputs used in making the measurements:
§ Level 1: inputs that are quoted market prices (unadjusted) in active
markets for identical instruments;
§ Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are
observable either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from
prices). This category includes instruments valued using: quoted market prices
in active markets for similar instruments; quoted prices for identical or
similar instruments in markets that are considered less than active; or other
valuation techniques in which all significant inputs are directly or
indirectly observable from market data; and
§ Level 3: inputs that are unobservable. This category includes all
instruments for which the valuation technique includes inputs not based on
observable data and the unobservable inputs have a significant effect on the
instrument's valuation. This category includes instruments that are valued
based on quoted prices for similar instruments for which significant
unobservable adjustments or assumptions are required to reflect differences
between the instruments.
The fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities that are traded
in active markets are based on quoted market prices or dealer price
quotations. For all other financial instruments, the Group determines fair
values using other valuation techniques.
For financial instruments that trade infrequently and have little price
transparency, fair value is less objective, and requires varying degrees of
judgement depending on liquidity, concentration, uncertainty of market
factors, pricing assumptions and other risks affecting the specific
instrument.
vii. Impairment
A financial instrument that is not credit-impaired on initial recognition is
classified in 'Stage 1' and has its credit risk continuously monitored by the
Group.
If a SICR since initial recognition is identified, the financial instrument is
moved to 'Stage 2' but is not yet deemed to be credit impaired.
§ An SICR is always deemed to occur when the borrower is 30 days past due
on its contractual payments. If the Group becomes aware ahead of this time
of non-compliance or financial difficulties of the borrower, such as loss of
employment, avoiding contact with the Group then an SICR has also deemed to
occur; and
§ A receivable is always deemed to be in default and credit-impaired when
the borrower is 90 days past due on its contractual payments or earlier if the
Group becomes aware of severe financial difficulties such as bankruptcy,
individual voluntary arrangement, abscond or disappearance, fraudulent
activity and other similar events.
If the financial instrument is credit-impaired, the financial instrument is
then moved to 'Stage 3'. Financial instruments in Stage 3 have their ECL
measured based on expected credit losses on an undiscounted lifetime basis.
The Group measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECL, except
for debt investment securities that are determined to have low credit risk at
the reporting date for which they are measured as a 12-month ECL. Loss
allowances for lease receivables are always measured at an amount equal to
lifetime ECL.
12-month ECL are the portion of ECL that result from default events on a
financial instrument that are possible within the 12 months after the
reporting date. Financial instruments for which a 12-month ECL is recognised
are referred to as 'Stage 1 financial instruments'.
Lifetime ECL are the ECL that result from all possible default events over the
expected life of a financial instrument. Financial instruments for which a
lifetime ECL is recognised but which are not credit-impaired are referred to
as 'Stage 2 financial instruments'.
Measurement of ECL
After a detailed review, the Group devised and implemented an impairment
methodology in light of the IFRS 9 requirements outlined above noting the
following:
§ The ECL was derived by reviewing the Group's loss rate and loss given
default over the past 9 years by product and geographical segment;
§ The Group has assumed that the future economic conditions will broadly
mirror the current environment and therefore the forecasted loss levels in the
next 3 years will match the Group's experience in recent years;
§ For portfolios where the Group has never had a default in its history or
has robust credit enhancements such as credit insurance or default indemnities
for the entire portfolio, then no IFRS 9 provision is made. At 2022
year-end, 28.8% had such credit enhancements (2021: 36.6%); and
§ If the Group holds objective evidence through specifically assessing a
credit-impaired receivable and believes it will go on to completely recover
the debt due to the collateral held and cooperation with the borrower, then no
IFRS 9 provision is made.
ECL are probability-weighted estimates of credit losses. They are measured as
follows:
§ Financial assets that are not credit-impaired at the reporting date: as
the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the difference between the cash
flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and the cash flows
that the Group expects to receive);
§ Financial assets that are credit-impaired at the reporting date: as the
difference between the gross carrying amount and the present value of
estimated future cash flows; and
§ Undrawn loan commitments: as the present value of the difference between
the contractual cash flows that are due to the Group if the commitment is
drawn down and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive.
Credit-impaired financial assets
At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at
amortised cost and debt financial assets carried at FVOCI, and finance lease
receivables are credit-impaired (referred to as 'Stage 3 financial assets'). A
financial asset is credit-impaired when one or more events that have a
detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset
have occurred.
Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following
observable date:
§ Significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer;
§ A breach of contract such as a default or past due event;
§ The restructuring of a loan or advance by the Group on terms that the
Group would not consider otherwise;
§ It is becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or
another type of financial reorganisation; or
§ The disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial
difficulties.
A loan that has been renegotiated due to a deterioration in the borrower's
condition is usually considered to be credit-impaired unless there is evidence
that the risk of not receiving contractual cash flows has reduced
significantly and there are no other indicators of impairment. In addition, a
retail loan that is overdue for 90 days or more is considered credit-impaired
even when the regulatory definition of default is different.
In assessing of whether an investment in sovereign debt is credit impaired,
the Group considers the following factors:
§ The market's assessment of creditworthiness as reflected in the bond
yields;
§ The rating agencies' assessments of creditworthiness;
§ The country's ability to access the capital markets for new debt
issuance;
§ The probability of debt being restructured, resulting in holders
suffering losses through voluntary or mandatory debt forgiveness; and
§ The international support mechanisms in place to provide the necessary
support as 'lender of last resort' to that country, as well as the intention,
reflected in public statements, of governments and agencies to use those
mechanisms. This includes an assessment of the depth of those mechanisms and,
irrespective of the political intent, whether there is the capacity to fulfil
the required criteria.
Presentation of allowance for ECL in the statement of financial position
Loss allowances for ECL are presented in the statement of financial position
as follows:
§ Financial assets measured at amortised cost: as a deduction from the
gross carrying amount of the assets;
§ Loan commitments: generally, as a provision; and
§ Debt instruments measured at FVOCI: no loss allowance is recognised in
the statement of financial position because the carrying amount of these
assets is their fair value. However, the loss allowance is disclosed and is
recognised in the fair value reserve.
Write-off
Loans and debt securities are written off (either partially or in full) when
there is no reasonable expectation of recovering a financial asset in its
entirety or a portion thereof. This is generally the case when the Group
determines that the borrower does not have assets or sources of income that
could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the
write-off. This assessment is carried out at the individual asset level.
Recoveries of amounts previously written off are included in 'impairment
losses on financial instruments' in the statement of profit or loss and OCI.
Financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement
activities in order to comply with the Group's procedures for recovery of
amounts due.
H. Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents
comprise cash and deposit balances with an original maturity date of three
months or less.
I. Loans and advances
Loans and advances' captions in the statement of financial position include:
§ Loans and advances measured at amortised cost (see note 44 (G)). They are
initially measured at fair value plus incremental direct transaction costs,
and subsequently at their amortised cost using the effective interest method;
and
§ Finance lease receivables (see note 44 (E)).
J. Property, plant and equipment
Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less
accumulated depreciation (see below). Historical cost includes expenditure
that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Buildings are
carried at a revalued amount, being fair value at the date of revaluation less
subsequent depreciation and impairment and are revalued annually.
If an asset's carrying amount (javascript%3A;) is increased as a result of
a revaluation, the increase shall be recognised in other comprehensive income
and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation surplus. However,
the increase shall be recognised in profit or loss to the extent that it
reverses a revaluation decrease of the same asset previously recognised in
profit or loss.
If an asset's carrying amount (javascript%3A;) is decreased as a result of
a revaluation, the decrease shall be recognised in profit or loss. However,
the decrease shall be recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent
of any credit balance existing in the revaluation surplus in respect of that
asset. The decrease recognised in other comprehensive income reduces the
amount accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation surplus.
The assets' residual values and useful economic lives are reviewed, and
adjusted if appropriate, at each reporting date. An asset's carrying amount is
written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying
amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful
lives, those components are accounted for as separate items of property, plant
and equipment.
Depreciation and amortisation
Assets are depreciated or amortised on a straight-line basis, so as to write
off the book value over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful
lives of property, plant and equipment and intangibles are as follows:
Property, plant and equipment
Leasehold
improvements
to expiration of the lease
IT
equipment
4 - 5 years
Motor
vehicles
2 - 5 years
Furniture and
equipment
4 -10 years
Plant and
machinery
5 - 20
years
K. Intangible assets and goodwill
i. Goodwill
Goodwill that arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries is measured at cost
less accumulated impairment losses.
ii. Software
Software acquired by the Group is measured at cost less accumulated
amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Expenditure on internally developed software is recognised as an asset when
the Group is able to demonstrate: that the product is technically feasible,
its intention and ability to complete the development and use the software in
a manner that will generate future economic benefits, and that it can reliably
measure the costs to complete the development. The capitalised costs of
internally developed software include all costs directly attributable to
developing the software and capitalised borrowing costs, and are amortised
over its useful life. Internally developed software is stated at capitalised
cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Software is amortised on a straight-line basis in profit or loss over its
estimated useful life, from the date on which it is available for use.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each
reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.
iii. Other
Intangible assets that are acquired by an entity and having finite useful
lives are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated
impairment losses.
Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination, with an
indefinite useful live are measured at fair value. Intangible assets with
indefinite useful lives are not amortised but instead are subject to
impairment testing at least annually.
The useful lives of intangibles are as follows:
Customer contracts and
lists
to expiration of the agreement
Business intellectual property
rights 4
years - indefinite
Website development
costs
indefinite
Software
5 years
L. Impairment of non-financial assets
At each reporting date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its
non-financial assets (other than deferred tax assets) to determine whether
there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the
asset's recoverable amount is estimated. Goodwill is tested annually for
impairment.
For impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of
assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that is largely
independent of the cash inflows of other assets or Cash Generating Units
("CGUs"). Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs or
groups of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the
combination.
The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use
and its fair value less cost to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated
future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and
the risks specific to the asset or CGU.
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU
exceeds its recoverable amount.
The Group's corporate assets do not generate separate cash inflows and are
used by more than one CGU. Corporate assets are allocated to CGUs on a
reasonable and consistent basis and tested for impairment as part of the
testing of the CGUs to which the corporate assets are located.
Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. They are allocated first
to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU, and then
to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata
basis.
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. For other assets,
an impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying
amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined,
net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been
recognised.
M. Deposits, debt securities issued and subordinated liabilities
Deposits, debt securities issued and subordinated liabilities are the Group's
sources of debt funding.
The Group classifies capital instruments as financial liabilities or equity
instruments in accordance with the substance of the contractual terms of the
instruments.
Deposits, debt securities issued and subordinated liabilities are initially
measured at fair value minus incremental direct transaction costs, and
subsequently measured at their amortised cost using the effective interest
method.
N. Employee benefits
i. Long-term employee benefits
Pension obligations
The Group has pension obligations arising from both defined benefit and
defined contribution pension plans.
A defined contribution pension plan is one under which the Group pays fixed
contributions into a separate fund and has no legal or constructive
obligations to pay further contributions. Defined benefit pension plans define
an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement,
usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and
remuneration.
Under the defined benefit pension plan, in accordance with IAS 19 Employee
benefits, the full-service cost for the period, adjusted for any changes to
the plan, is charged to the income statement. A charge equal to the expected
increase in the present value of the plan liabilities, as a result of the plan
liabilities being one year closer to settlement, and a credit reflecting the
long-term expected return on assets based on the market value of the scheme
assets at the beginning of the period, is included in the income statement.
The statement of financial position records as an asset or liability as
appropriate, the difference between the market value of the plan assets and
the present value of the accrued plan liabilities. The difference between the
expected return on assets and that achieved in the period, is recognised in
the income statement in the year in which they arise. The defined benefit
pension plan obligation is calculated by independent actuaries using the
projected unit credit method and a discount rate based on the yield on high
quality rated corporate bonds.
The Group's defined contribution pension obligations arise from contributions
paid to a Group personal pension plan, an ex gratia pension plan, employee
personal pension plans and employee co-operative insurance plans. For these
pension plans, the amounts charged to the income statement represent the
contributions payable during the year.
ii. Share-based compensation
The Group maintains a share option programme which allows certain Group
employees to acquire shares of the Group. The change in the fair value of
options granted is recognised as an employee expense with a corresponding
change in equity. The fair value of the options is measured at grant date and
spread over the period during which the employees become unconditionally
entitled to the options.
At each reporting date, the Group revises its estimate of the number of
options that are expected to vest and recognises the impact of the revision to
original estimates, if any, in the income statement, with a corresponding
adjustment to equity.
The fair value is estimated using a proprietary binomial probability model.
The proceeds received, net of any directly attributable transaction costs, are
credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium when the options
are exercised.
O. Share capital and reserves
Share issue costs
Incremental costs that are directly attributable to the issue of an equity
instrument are deducted from the initial measurement of the equity
instruments.
P. Earnings per share ("EPS")
The Group presents basic and diluted EPS data for its Ordinary Shares. Basic
EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss that is attributable to
ordinary Shareholders of MFG by the weighted-average number of Ordinary Shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting profit
or loss that is attributable to Ordinary Shareholders and the weighted-average
number of Ordinary Shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive
potential Ordinary Shares, which comprise share options granted to employees.
Q. Segmental reporting
A segment is a distinguishable component of the Group that is engaged either
in providing products or services (business segment), or in providing products
or services within a particular economic environment (geographical segment),
which is subject to risks and rewards that are different from those of other
segments. The Group's primary format for segmental reporting is based on
business segments.
An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business
activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, including
revenues and expenses relating to transactions with any of the Group's other
components, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the CEO who is
the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") to make decisions about resources
to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which
discrete financial information is available.
Segment results reported to the CEO include items that are directly
attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a
reasonable basis.
Appendix - Glossary of terms
ALCO Assets and Liabilities Committee
ARCC Audit, Risk and Compliance Committee
BBSL Blue Star Business Solutions Limited
BL Burnbrae Limited
BLX The Business Lending Exchange Limited
Bank Conister Bank Limited
Bank's Board The Bank's Board of Directors
BOE Bank of England
BSL Beer Swaps Limited
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CET1 Common Equity Tier 1
CFL Conister Finance & Leasing Ltd
CGU Cash Generating Unit
CODM Chief Operating Decision Maker
Company Manx Financial Group PLC
EAL Edgewater Associates Limited
ECF ECF Asset finance PLC
ECL Expected Credit Loss
ESG Environmental, Social and Governance
EPS Earnings Per Share
FCA UK Financial Conduct Authority
Fraud risks Risk of Material Misstatement Due to Fraud
FSA Isle of Man Financial Services Authority
FVOCI Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income
FVTPL Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
Group Comprise the Company and its subsidiaries
HP Hire Purchase
IAS International Accounting Standard
ICAAP Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process
ICG Individual Capital Guidance
IFA Independent Financial Advisors
IFRIC International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee
IFRS International Financial Reporting Standards
Interim financial statements Condensed consolidated interim financial statements
IOM Isle of Man
ISA International Standards of Auditing
JM Jim Mellon
LSE London Stock Exchange
MBL MBL Financial Limited
MCL Manx Collections Limited
MFG Manx Financial Group PLC
MFX Manx FX Limited
MFX.L Manx Financial Group PLC ticker symbol on the LSE
MVL Manx Ventures Limited (previously Bradburn Limited)
NEC Notice of Error Correction
NOMCO Nomination Committee
NRFL Ninkasi Rentals & Finance Limited (previously Beer Swaps Limited)
OCI Other Comprehensive Income
PAL Payment Assist Limited
PIML Payitmonthly Limited
QCA Quoted Companies Alliance
REMCO Remuneration Committee
RFG Rivers Finance Group Plc
RMF Risk Management Framework
SBA Share Buyback Agreement
Scheme The Conister Trust Pension and Life Assurance Scheme
SICR Significant Increase in Credit Risk
SPPI Solely Payments of Principal and Interest
SR Southern Rock Insurance Company Limited
Subsidiaries MFG's subsidiaries being Bank, BBSL, BLX, CFL, ECF, EAL, MFX, MVL, NRFL
TCF Treating Customers Fairly
Three Spires Three Spires Insurance Services Limited
UK United Kingdom
UP Unrelated parties
This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact
rns@lseg.com (mailto:rns@lseg.com)
or visit
www.rns.com (http://www.rns.com/)
.
RNS may use your IP address to confirm compliance with the terms and conditions, to analyse how you engage with the information contained in this communication, and to share such analysis on an anonymised basis with others as part of our commercial services. For further information about how RNS and the London Stock Exchange use the personal data you provide us, please see our
Privacy Policy (https://www.lseg.com/privacy-and-cookie-policy)
. END FR SELFUSEDSEFDRecent news on Manx Financial
See all newsREG - Manx Financial Group - Exercise of Share Options, Issue of Equity & TVR
AnnouncementREG - Manx Financial Group - Result of AGM & Dividend Declaration
AnnouncementRCS - Manx Financial Group - 2023 Results - Edison Group Review
AnnouncementREG - Manx Financial Group - Notice of AGM
AnnouncementREG - Manx Financial Group - Final Results
Announcement