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REG - Assoc British Enging - Annual Financial Report <Origin Href="QuoteRef">ASBE.L</Origin> - Part 3

- Part 3: For the preceding part double click  ID:nRSc5992Fb 

                                                                      
                                                                 68           70    
                                                                                    
     Interest receivable on cash and cash equivalents            (15)         (22)  
                                                                                    
                                                                 (53)         (48)  
 
 
(48) 
 
 8.  TAXATION                                                    2016         2015  
                                                                       £'000        £'000  
     The tax charge is set out below:                                               
                                                                                    
     Current tax:                                                                   
     United Kingdom corporation tax at 20% (2015: 21%)           -            -     
     Deferred tax:                                                                  
     In respect of current year                                  8            (6)   
                                                                                           
     Total current tax and tax on profit on ordinary activities  8            (6)   
                                                                                             
 
 
The tax assessed for the period is different from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 20% (2015: 21%).  The
differences are explained as follows: 
 
                                                                                                           2016          2015   
                                                                                                                  £'000         £'000  
                                                                                                                                
   Loss on ordinary activities before tax                                                                  (621)         (179)  
                                                                                                                                
   Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of Corporation tax in the UK of 20% (2015 21%)  (124)         (38)   
                                                                                                                                
   Effects of:                                                                                                                  
   Expenses not deductible for tax purposes                                                                6             4      
   Income not taxable                                                                                      (12)          (35)   
   Depreciation for the period in excess of capital allowances                                             12            (4)    
   Adjustment to recognised deferred tax                                                                   8             (6)    
   Unrelieved tax losses                                                                                   118           73     
                                                                                                                                
   Taxation expense in the consolidated income statement                                                   8             (6)    
                                                                                                                                       
 
 
The Group has trading losses of approximately £2 million (2015: £1.64 million) and capital losses of £8.5million (2015:
£8.5 million).  These are available to set against future taxable profits, taxation liabilities and capital gains
respectively.  The trading losses are available to be used against future profits arising from the same trade within the
Group. These amounts are subject to agreement with Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs. Deferred tax assets have not been
recognised in the Group accounts.  As the timing and extent of taxable profits are uncertain, a deferred tax asset of
£822,000 (2015: £661,000) arising on the trading losses has not been recognised in the financial statements. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
9.       LOSS PER SHARE 
 
The calculation of loss per ordinary share is based on the loss attributable to ordinary shareholders divided by the
weighted average number of shares in issue during the year. 
 
                                         2016   2015                               
                                         Loss   Weighted Average number of shares  Per shares amount pence  Loss   Weighted Average number of shares  Per shares amount pence  
                                         £'000                                                              £'000                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                               
   Basic and diluted earnings per share  (613)  2,048,990                          (29.9p)                  (153)  2,048,990                          (7.5p)                   
 
 
 10.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT  Freehold land and buildings         Plant and machinery         Total  
                                                                  £'000                       £'000         £'000  
      COST                                                                                                         
      At 1 April 2014                                             689                         1,409         2,098  
      Additions                                                   -                           10            10     
      Disposals                                                   -                           (9)           (9)    
                                                                                                                   
      At 31 March 2015                                            689                         1,410         2,099  
                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                   
      At 1 April 2015                                             689                         1,410         2,099  
      Additions                                                   -                           28            28     
      Disposals                                                   -                           (23)          (23)   
                                                                                                                   
      At 31 March 2016                                            689                         1,415         2,104  
                                                                                                                   
      ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION                                                                              
                                                                                                            
      At 1 April 2014                689                                 1,045                       1,734  
      Charge for year                -                                   53                          53     
      Eliminated on disposals        -                                   (9)                         (9)    
                                                                                                            
      At 31 March 2015               689                                 1,089                       1,778  
                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
      At 1 April 2015                                             689                         1,089         1,778  
      Charge for year                                             -                           53            53     
      Eliminated on disposals                                     -                           (23)          (23)   
                                                                                                                   
      At 31 March 2016                                            689                         1,119         1,808  
                                                                                                                   
      CARRYING AMOUNTS                                                                                             
      At 31 March 2016                                            -                           296           296    
                                                                                                                   
      At 31 March 2015                                            -                           321           321    
                                                                                                                   
      At 31 March 2014                                            -                           364           364    
 
 
At 31 March 2014 
 
- 
 
364 
 
364 
 
At 31 March 2016 assets held under finance leases included in plant and machinery had a carrying value of £207,000 (2015:
£240,000). 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
11.       CAPITAL COMMITMENTS 
 
At 31 March 2016 the Group had capital commitments of £Nil (2015: £Nil). 
 
 12.  INVENTORIES       2016     2015   
                        £'000    £'000  
                                        
      Raw materials     107      94     
      Work in progress  134      81     
      Finished goods    717      764    
                                        
                        958      939    
 
 
The closing inventory balance of £3,369,000 (2015: £3,369,000) is stated net of provisions of £2,411,000 
 
(2015: £2,430,000). There was a decrease in provision of £19,000 (2015: £211,000 increase) in relation to slow moving
stock. 
 
 13.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES     2016     2015   
                                      £'000    £'000  
                                                      
      Trade receivables               818      420    
      Allowance for doubtful debts    (396)    (86)   
                                      422      334    
      Prepayments and accrued income  371      269    
                                                      
                                      793      603    
 
 
Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as loans and receivables and are measured at amortised cost. 
 
The average credit period offered on sales of goods varies from 30 days to 90 days.  The Group has recognised an allowance
for doubtful debts based on estimated irrecoverable amounts determined by the history and by reference to the counterparty
and an analysis of the counterparty's current financial position. 
 
Trade receivables disclosed above include amounts (see below for aged analysis) which are past due at the year-end
          but against which the Group has not recognised an allowance for doubtful receivables. 
 
   Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables                  
                                                    2016     2015   
                                                    £'000    £'000  
                                                                    
   31 - 60 days                                     13       18     
   61 - 90 days                                     192      2      
   91 - 120 days                                    31       279    
                                                                    
                                                    236      299    
 
 
Movement in the allowance for doubtful debts: 
 
                                         2016     2015   
                                         £'000    £'000  
                                                         
 Balance at the beginning of the period  86       79     
 Increase in provision                   310      7      
                                                         
 Balance at the end of the period        396      86     
 
 
In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Group considers, inter alia, any change in the credit quality
of the trade receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the reporting date. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
 13.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)  
                                               
 
 
The Group has a concentration of credit risk with exposure to two large debtor balance at the year-end which accounts for
58% of the balance due between 61 -120 days.  Management considers that all the above financial assets that are not
provided for, impaired or past due are of good credit quality. 
 
 14.  AVAILABLE FOR SALE INVESTMENTS                                        2016     2015   
                                                                            £'000    £'000  
                                                                                            
      Listed Securities                                                     433      417    
                                                                                            
                                      Available For Salefinancial assets                      
                                      £000                                                    
                                                                                              
      Opening balance                 417                                                     
      Additions                       -                                                       
      Net fair value gain             16                                                      
      Disposals                       -                                                       
                                                                                              
      Closing balance                 433                                                     
                                                                                                  
 
 
Gains or losses on available for sale investments are presented within other comprehensive income. 
 
IFRS 13 requires that the fair value reflects "exit price" and is valued in line with the relevant "unit of account" and
the fair value of the equity investments held is calculated by reference to the quoted market price at the year end. 
 
Available for sale investments, which are valued based on active markets' prices, are reported under Level 1 in the fair
value hierarchy. 
 
 15.  CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL                   2016       2015   
                                                £'000      £'000  
      Nominal value:                                              
      Allotted and fully paid:                                    
      2,048,990 ordinary shares of £0.025 each  51         51     
      1,313,427 deferred shares of £1.975 each  2,594      2,594  
                                                                  
                                                2,645      2,645  
                                                                  
      Carrying value:                                                 
      Equity shares:                                                  
      2,048,990 ordinary shares of £0.025 each         51         51  
 
 
2,048,990 ordinary shares of £0.025 each 
 
51 
 
51 
 
The structure of the Group and Company's capital is as follows: 
 
                                                  Number of            Number of                     
                                                  Ordinary   Ordinary  Deferred   Deferred  Share    
                                                  Shares     Shares    Shares     Shares    Premium  
                                                  No.        £'000     No.        £'000     £'000    
 Balance at 1 April 2015 (£0.025/£1.9752 shares)  2,048,990  51        1,313,427  2,594     5,370    
 
 
Further to the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 1 September 1999 the ordinary shares have 200 votes per share. 
 
The deferred shares do not have voting rights and do not carry any entitlement to attend general meetings of the Company;
they are not admitted to any Stock Exchange and carry a right to participate in any return of capital once an amount of
£100 has been paid in respect of each new ordinary share. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
 15.  CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL (continued)  
 
 
CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL (continued) 
 
Capital management 
 
The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while
maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The Group's overall strategy
remains unchanged from 2015. 
 
The capital structure of the Group consists of cash and bank balances and equity of the Group, comprising called up share
capital, deferred shares, share premium account, other reserves and retained earnings. 
 
The Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. 
 
 16.  NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
      Movement in non-controlling interests during the year are disclosed in the statement of changes in equity.                                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
      A decrease in non-controlling interest of £6,000 (2015: £32,000) was recognised during the year in respect of the restructuring of our interests, and acquisition of shares, in Akoris Trading Limited ("Akoris"), bringing the total holding in Akoris at the year-end to 99.7%.    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2016     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £'000    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
      Brought forward as at 1 April 2015                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   (6)      
      Arising on purchase of additional shares                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             6        
      Share of result for the year                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         -        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
      Carried forward at 31 March 2016                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     -        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
 
 
17.     RETIREMENT BENEFIT SCHEMES 
 
The Group operated a defined benefit pension scheme, holding the assets in a separate trustee administered fund ("the ABE
Pension Fund").  The required contributions were assessed with the advice of an independent qualified actuary using the
projected unit credit method. The Group also operates a designated defined benefit Group personal pension plan which meets
stakeholder requirements. 
 
The scheme exposes the Group to actuarial risks such as: 
 
Salary risk: 
 
The present value of the pension scheme liability is calculated by reference to the future salaries of participating
members.  Any increase in members' salaries will increase the scheme's liability but is now limited to RPI. 
 
Interest rate risk: 
 
Any decrease in bond rates will increase the scheme's liability. 
 
Investment risk: 
 
If the return on scheme assets is below the discount rate used to calculate the present value of the scheme liability it
may lead to a scheme deficit. 
 
Longevity risk: 
 
Any increase in life expectancy of the scheme's members will increase the scheme's liability as the present value of the
scheme's liability is calculated by reference to the best estimate of the mortality rate of the scheme's members. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
17.     RETIREMENT BENEFIT SCHEMES (continued) 
 
The scheme consists of 2 active members, 27 deferred members and 60 pensioner members. The contribution to the scheme for
the forthcoming year is expected to be £149,000  including the contribution to the deficit. 
 
The value placed on the benefit obligation is particularly sensitive to changes in some of the key assumptions.  Two of the
most critical are: 
 
·    The real (i.e. net of inflation) and nominal rates of interest used; and 
 
·    Changes in future mortality rates 
 
Set out below is a table highlighting the impact on the results of changing these assumptions.  There would be a similar,
but opposite effect if the discount rate was to be increased, the inflation rate was decreased and members assumed to live
one year or less. 
 
 Assumption                               Change in the Defined Benefit Obligation %  Change in the Defined Benefit Obligation (£'000)  
 0.25% p.a. reduction in discount rate    +4.1                                        79                                                
 0.25% increase in inflation              +1.3                                        25                                                
 Members assumed to live one year longer  +3.5                                        68                                                
 
 
In the year ended 31 March 2009, the Company came to an agreement with the Trustees of the scheme and a resolution was
approved whereby the Group is no longer liable for its previously recognised retirement obligations for the ABE section of
the fund.  The elimination of the ABE section resulted in an elimination of £3,047,000 of the opening obligation which was
reflected through the Statement of Comprehensive Income.  The remaining obligation relates to the BPE section of the scheme
and is summarised on the following page. 
 
Contributions by employer in respect of future accrual of benefits, death in service benefits and expenses: 
 
28.6% (2015: 28.6%) of pensionable salaries less member contributions, payable monthly by the 19th of the calendar month
after that to which they relate. In addition, the employer will pay amounts into the scheme equal to the levy payments made
by the scheme to the Pension Protection Fund. Such amounts will be paid by the employer within a year of them being paid by
the scheme. Insurance premiums for death in service benefits, management and administration expenses are payable in
addition as and when they are due. 
 
Contributions by employer in respect of the shortfall in funding following the triennial review: 
 
With reference to the recovery plan agreed with the Trustees in conjunction with the valuation as at 1 April 2014, the
employer will make the following contributions over the period from 1 April 2014 to 31 March 2030: 
 
·      From 1 April 2014 until 1 August 2014 contributions of £17,000 per month has been paid in accordance with the
previous recovery plan. 
 
·      From 1 August 2014, £10,000 per month are payable by the 19th of the calendar month after that to which they
relate. 
 
·      An additional lump sum relating to the profits of the employer in respect of all accounting periods as from 1 April
2014 is payable in the financial year following the generation of the profits calculated on the following basis:- 
 
·      a) for all trading profits (before interest and taxation, and excluding those generated from external investments)
in excess of £250k and below £1,050k an additional payment of 20% of such profits; 
 
·      b) for all trading profits (before interest and taxation, and excluding those generated from external investments)
in excess of £1,050k an additional payment of 10% of such profits; 
 
·      Profit-share contributions will only be payable if there is a gross pension deficit recorded in the Employer's
Annual Report and Accounts for the financial year in which the profits are generated; 
 
·      Funding shortfall contributions (including profit-share contributions) will cease in the event that a funding 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
17.     RETIREMENT BENEFIT SCHEMES (continued) 
 
·      surplus is certified by the Scheme Actuary 
 
 (a)  Pension cost (recognised in Income Statement)          2016     2015   
                                                             £'000    £'000  
                                                                             
      Operating charge                                                       
      Current service cost                                   26       25     
                                                                             
      Other finance charges                                                  
      Interest on net defined benefit obligation             61       62     
                                                                             
      Total pension cost recognised in the Income Statement  87       87     
 
 
Total pension cost recognised in the Income Statement 
 
87 
 
87 
 
                                                                                                 
 (b)  Benefit liability                                                        2016     2015     2014     2013     2012     
                                                                               £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000    £'000    
                                                                                                                            
      Present value of funded obligations                                      8,295    8,424    7,101    6,748    6,451    
      Fair value of plan assets                                                (6,364)  (6,532)  (5,687)  (5,817)  (5,476)  
                                                                                                                            
      Net liability                                                            1,931    1,892    1,414    931      975      
                                                                                                                            
      The major categories of plan assets are as follows:                                                 
                                                                                                 2016              2015     
                                                                                                 £'000             £'000    
      Equities (quoted)                                                                          1,445             1,502    
      Fixed Interest Gilts                                                                       -                 1,069    
      Index-Linked Gilts                                                                         1,917             1,907    
      Corporate Bonds                                                                            2,884             1,075    
      Cash                                                                                       76                923      
      Bank Balance                                                                               42                56       
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                 6,364             6,532    
                                                                                                                            
      Plan assets                                                                                         
      The weighted-average asset allocations at the year-end were as follows:  2016     2015     
      Equities (quoted)                                                                 22.7%    23.0%    
      Bonds                                                                             75.4%    62.0%    
      Cash                                                                              1.9%     15.0%    
                                                                                                                                      
 
 
15.0% 
 
Plan risks 
 
The defined benefit plan typically expose the Company to actuarial risks, as stated on page 34, which are managed by a
joint working group, comprising the Trustees of the defined benefit plan and the Board. 
 
 (c)  Change in benefit obligation                                  2016     2015   
                                                                    £'000    £'000  
                                                                                    
      Benefit obligation at beginning of the year                   8,424    7,101  
      Current service cost                                          26       25     
      Interest cost                                                 282      327    
      Actuarial loss arising from changes in financial assumptions  (197)    1,235  
      Contributions by plan participants                            4        6      
      Benefits paid                                                 (244)    (270)  
                                                                                    
      Benefit obligations at end of the year                        8,295    8,424  
 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
 17.  RETIREMENT BENEFIT SCHEMES (continued)  
 
 
RETIREMENT BENEFIT SCHEMES (continued) 
 
 (d)                                                             Change in plan assets                                                                2016              2015         
                                                                                                                                                      £'000             £'000        
                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                 Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year                                   6,532             5,687        
                                                                 Expected return on plan assets                                                       221               265          
                                                                 Actuarial gains/(loss) on plan assets arising from changes in financial assumptions  (296)             669          
                                                                 Contributions made by employer                                                       147               175          
                                                                 Contributions by plan participants                                                   4                 6            
                                                                 Benefits paid                                                                        (244)             (270)        
                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                 Fair value of plan assets at end of the year                                         6,364             6,532        
                                                                                                                                                                                     
 The expected long term return on cash is determined by reference 
 to current and expected long-term bank base rates.  The expected 
 return on bonds is determined by reference to United Kingdom    
 long dated gilt and bond yields at the balance sheet date.  The 
 expected rate of return on equities have been determined by     
 setting an appropriate risk premium above gilt/bond yields      
 having regard to market conditions at the balance sheet date.   
 The expected rates have then all been reduced to reflect the    
 level of anticipated future expenses. The expected long term    
 rate of return under IAS 19 (revised in 2011) is the same as the 
 discount rate of 3.56% (2015: 3.4% pa).                         
 (e)                                                             Principal actuarial assumptions                                                      2016              2015         
                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                 Inflation (CPI)                                                                      1.76              1.8          
                                                                 Rate of increase in pensionable salaries                                             2.50              2.5          
                                                                 Discount rate                                                                        3.56              3.4          
                                                                 Pension in payment increases                                                         1.76              1.8          
                                                                 Revaluation rate for deferred pensioners                                             1.76              1.8          
                                                                 Pre-retirement mortality                                                             PNMAOO, MC1%      PNMAOO,MC1%  
                                                                                                                                                      PNFAOO,  MC 1%    PNFAOO,MC1%  
                                                                 Post retirement mortality                                                            PNMAOO, MC1%      PNMAOO,MC1%  
                                                                                                                                                      PNFAOO,  MC1%     PNFAOO,MC1%  
                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                 Life expectancy from age 65 (years):                                                                                
                                                                 Male currently aged 65                                                               23.0              22.9         
                                                                 Female currently aged 65                                                             25.4              25.4         
                                                                 Male currently aged 45                                                               24.9              24.9         
                                                                 Female currently aged 45                                                             27.3              27.2         
                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
 
24.9 
 
Female currently aged 45 
 
27.3 
 
27.2 
 
(f)       Expected future cash flows 
 
The Group's expected contribution to its defined benefit plans in 2016 is expected to be £149,000 (2015: £158,000). The
Group does not expect any material changes to the annual cash contributions over the next three years given the funding
position of the scheme. The defined benefit obligations are based on the current value of expected benefit payment cash
flows to members over the next several decades. 
 
The overall weighted average duration of scheme liabilities as at 31 March 2016 is approximately 18 years 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
 18.  PAYABLES                                    2016     2015   
                                                  £'000    £'000  
      Current                                                     
      Obligations under finance leases            65       65     
      Trade payables                              222      283    
      Other taxation and social security          26       23     
      Other payables                              42       300    
      Accruals                                    243      26     
                                                                  
                                                  598      697    
                                                                  
      The net finance lease obligations are due:                  
      In one year or less                         65       65     
      Between two and three years                 43       107    
                                                                  
                                                  108      172    
 
 
172 
 
All current payables apart from obligations under finance leases are expected to mature within a period of 6 months. 
 
19.       FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
 
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, available for sale financial assets, receivables and payables are assumed to
approximate to their carrying values. 
 
The Group's financial instruments comprise cash and various items, such as trade and other receivables, available for sale
financial assets and trade and other payables that arise directly from its operations.  The main purpose of these financial
instruments is to finance the Group's operations.  At 31 March 2016 the Group has cash balances of £1,577,000 (2015:
£2,606,000) and no bank overdraft (2015: £Nil). 
 
RISKS 
 
The main risks arising from the Group's financial instruments are market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. Market risk
includes price commodity risk, foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk. The Group has limited exposure to foreign
exchange risk and also has no loans, therefore limited exposure to interest rate risk. 
 
Cash and cash equivalents held at floating rates expose the entity to cash flow risk.  Interest rate risk is limited to the
cash and cash equivalents. 
 
Based on the balance sheet value of cash and cash equivalents, a 1% change in interest base rates would lead to an increase
or decrease in income and equity of £16,000 (2015: £26,000). 
 
The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of the above risks and they are summarised overleaf and in the
accounting policies to the Group financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied throughout the
period. 
 
COMMODITY PRICE RISK 
 
The Group is dependent upon some of its suppliers to effectively operate a stock holding and call off management system,
which is utilised to mitigate holding costs. There is the potential to leave the Group exposed to 'stock out' or shortages
but the Group manages this closely and does not envisage this going forward. 
 
When prices are advantageous a strategic decision may be taken to increase a stock levels in core parts which mitigates the
issue of price commodity risk. There are a number of suppliers used, each with various contractual terms, and therefore the
Board do not consider this a significant risk. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
19.        FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 
 
LIQUIDITY RISK 
 
The Group's liquidity is dependent on the cash balances available and it is the Group's policy to place          surplus
cash on deposit to ensure as an appropriate rate of return.  The Board reviews an annual             12 month financial
projection as well as information regarding cash balances. The maturity profile of the Group's finance lease liabilities is
set out in note 18. 
 
CREDIT RISK 
 
The Group's principal financial assets are cash deposits, available for sale financial assets and trade and other
receivables.  The credit risk associated with the cash is limited as the counterparties have high credit ratings assigned
by international credit-rating agencies.  The principal credit risk arises therefore from its trade and other receivables
and available for sale financial assets. 
 
In order to manage credit risk the directors of the subsidiary company set limits for customers based on a combination of
payment history, third party credit references and knowledge of the customers.  Credit limits are reviewed by the
subsidiary's directors on a regular basis in conjunction with debt ageing and experience.  In 2016 and 2015 there were a
limited number of concentrations of credit risk.  The Group's top five customers comprised 47% of the year end trade
receivables. The Board consider their strong customer relations to be a strength rather than a risk as they are the
preferred suppliers to these customers. 
 
Where appropriate, the subsidiary company requests payment or part-payment in advance of shipment. In connection with the
trade receivables, there is a risk of warranty claims, which the subsidiary company tries to minimise.  The carrying value
of the trade receivables represents the maximum credit risk exposure and therefore sensitivity analysis has not been
performed. 
 
Collection procedures in relation to receivables are initiated once the credit terms are exceeded and trade receivables
both due and not yet due are reviewed on a line by line basis, with adequate provision being made against period end
balances where appropriate. During the year an additional provision of £316,000 (2015: £5,000) has been included in the
financial statements. 
 
At the year end 6% (2015: 72%) of current financial assets are aged greater than 90 days. These amounted to £52,000 and
£21,000 have been provided for (2015: £344,000 and £81,000 respectively). 
 
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
 
The following table provides an analysis of financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at
fair value into Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable: 
 
·      Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or
liabilities; 
 
·      Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that
are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 
 
·      Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or
liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 
 
                                      Level 1    Level 2    Level 3    Total  
                                      £'000      £'000      £'000      £'000  
                                                                              
 Available for sale financial assets                                          
 Quoted securities                    433        -          -          433    
 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
 20.  DEFERRED TAXATION          
                                 
 
 
The deferred taxation liability at 31 March 2016 was £Nil (2015: £8,000). 
 
No provision has been made for the potential deferred tax assets on the trading losses carried forward as they are not
sufficiently certain to crystallise in the foreseeable future, with future pension obligations deemed to exceed the
potential future cash inflows. This assumption will be revisited on an annual basis or as and when circumstances change.
The amounts not recognised (all of which have been calculated at 20% (2015: 20%)) are set out below: 
 
      Group                         2016     2015   
                                    £'000    £'000  
      Arising from trading losses   436      298    
      Arising from capital losses   1,707    1,700  
      Arising from pension deficit  386      378    
                                                    
                                    2,529    2,376  
                                                    
 21.  CONTINGENT LIABILITIES                 
                                    2016     2015   
                                    £'000    £'000  
 a)   Banker's indemnities          30       30     
                                                      
 
 
30 
 
The indemnities relate to provision of services such as letters of credit or international guarantees by 
 
the bank. 
 
b)         There were no other contingent liabilities at 31 March 2016 or 31 March 2015. 
 
 22.      COMMITMENTS UNDER OPERATING LEASES                                                         
                                                                                                              
 At 31 March the Group had the following commitments under non-cancellable operating leases:  
                                                                                              Other  
                                                                                              2016     2015   
                                                                                              £'000    £'000  
                                                                                                              
 Within one year                                                                              10       23     
 Between two and five years inclusive                                                         20       44     
                                                                                              30       67     
                                                                                                                  
 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - GROUP (continued) 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
23.       SUBSIDIARIES 
 
At 31 March 2016 the Company held share capital in the following subsidiaries: 
 
                                Share Capital  Proportion held by the parent  Country of incorporation  Nature of Business                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 British Polar Engines Limited  Ordinary       100% (2015:100%)               Great Britain             Manufacture and supply of diesel engines, associated servicing and sale of spare parts.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 Akoris Trading Limited         Ordinary       99.7%(2015: 76.8%)             Great Britain             Commodity and natural resource trading, finance and investment.                          
                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 Kelvin Diesels Limited         Ordinary       100% (2015: 100%)              Great Britain             Diesel Engines, acting as nominee for British Polar Engines Limited                      
 
 
The group controls 100% of the voting power of the subscribed shares and has control over the financial 
 
and operational policies of Akoris Trading Limited.  Therefore, Akoris Trading Limited is controlled by 
 
the group and consolidated in these financial statements.  Movement in non-controlling interests are 
 
disclosed in note 16 to the accounts. 
 
24.     RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 
 
At 31 March 2016, British Polar Engines had 2.36% (2015: 19.9%) holding in SalvaRx Group Plc. 
 
Colin Weinberg, a director of the company held 0.1% holding in SalvaRx Group Plc at 31 March 2016 (0.1% at 31 March 2015). 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC                                                    Company Number: 00110663 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
 
AS AT 31 MARCH 2016 
 
                                            31 March    31 March    1 April  
                                            2016        2015        2014     
                                      Note  £'000       £'000       £'000    
 ASSETS                                                                      
 Non-current assets                                                          
 Property, plant and equipment        7     -           -           -        
 Investments in subsidiaries          9     -           -           -        
 Available for sale financial assets  10    134         131         171      
                                                                             
                                            134         131         171      
                                                                             
 Current assets                                                              
                                                                             
 Trade and other receivables          11    3           20          18       
 Cash and cash equivalents                  28          59          98       
                                                                             
                                            31          79          116      
                                                                             
 T    Total assets                          165         210         287      
                                                                             
 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES                                                      
                                                                             
 Called up share capital              15    51          51          51       
 Deferred shares                      15    2,594       2,594       2,594    
 Share premium account                      5,370       5,370       5,370    
 Other reserve                              212         212         212      
 Available for sale reserve                 7           4           -        
 Retained earnings                          (8,144)     (8,143)     (7,994)  
                                                                             
 Total equity                               90          88          233      
                                                                             
 LIABILITIES                                                                 
 Non-current liabilities                                                     
 Amounts due to group undertakings    12    -           -           -        
                                                                             
                                                                             
 Current liabilities                                                         
 Trade and other payables             12    75          122         54       
                                                                             
                                                                             
 Total liabilities                          75          122         54       
                                                                             
 Total equity and liabilities               165         210         287      
 
 
54 
 
Total equity and liabilities 
 
165 
 
210 
 
287 
 
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 28 July 2016 and were signed
below on its behalf by: 
 
C Weinberg 
 
Director 
 
The accounting policies on pages 15 and 21 and the notes on pages 45 to 50 form part of these accounts. 
 
ASSOCIATED BRITISH ENGINEERING PLC 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2016 
 
                                                              Share capital   Share premium   Deferredshares    Other reserve   Available for Sale Financial Assets  Retained earnings  Total            
                                                              £'000           £'000           £'000             £'000           £'000                                £'000              £000             
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 Balance at 1 April 2014                                      51              5,370           2,594             212             -                                    (7,994)            233              
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 Loss for the year                                            -               -               -                 -               -                                    (149)              (149)            
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 Other comprehensive income                                                                                                                                                                              
 Unrealised gain on Available For Sale financial assets (*)   -               -               -                 -               4                                    -                  4                
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
                                                              --------------  --------------  ----------------  --------------  --------------                       ---------------    ---------------  
 Total comprehensive income for the year                      -               -               -                 -               4                                    (149)              (145)            
                                              

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