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REG-Capita PLC: Final Results <Origin Href="QuoteRef">CPI.L</Origin> - Part 2

- Part 2: For the preceding part double click  ID:nPRr23445a 

the FRC guidance on Going Concern
Basis of Accounting and Reporting, namely assessing the applicability of the
going concern basis, the review period and disclosures.

The group has net debt of £1,778.8m at 31 December 2016 (2015: £1,838.8m).

The Group’s committed revolving credit facility, bank term loan facilities
and private placement notes are subject to compliance with covenant
requirements including maximum ratios of net debt to adjusted EBITDA before
exceptional items. This covenant threshold varies from 3.0 times (which may
under certain circumstances be increased to 3.5 times) to 3.5 times depending
on the debt instrument in question. They are tested semi-annually.

The Company’s calculation of adjusted net debt to adjusted EBITDA at 31
December 2016 is 2.9 times and is in compliance with the relevant ratios. 
Headroom has narrowed from previous periods in light of the lower results for
2016.  The directors have applied their judgement in the preparation of the
financial statements upon which the covenant calculations are based.  For the
purpose of the calculation the Company has calculated the ratio for 2016 by
applying the same treatment that has been applied in preparing the financial
statements.   Accordingly items that are presented as non-underlying are
excluded from the covenant definition of adjusted EBITDA, with the exception
of acquisition costs.  This basis of calculation is also consistent with the
approach adopted in prior years.

The Board has undertaken a rigorous assessment of the forecast assumptions
that support the going concern basis, taking into account the financial
forecasts, the Group’s existing debt levels, the committed funding and
liquidity positions, the Company’s historic experience in generating cash
from trading activities, and the working capital management strategies
available to it.  They have applied sensitivity analysis to these forecasts
through both reductions in cash collections and underperformance against the
2017 business plan.  They have considered mitigating actions available to the
Company in response to these sensitivities.  After applying these
sensitivities and mitigating actions, the Group forecasts that it will
continue to operate within its covenants.  Whilst more extreme downside
scenarios could lead to a breach, the Board expects to be able to maintain
compliance with these covenants in forecast periods, including the next two
test points of 30 June 2017 and 31 December 2017.  Accordingly the Board has
a reasonable expectation that the Company will be able to operate as a going
concern for the foreseeable future and is satisfied that the accounts should
be prepared on a going concern basis.

Underlying profit

IAS 1 requires an entity to present additional information for specific items
to enable users to assess the underlying financial performance.  In practice
these items are commonly referred to as ‘specific’ or ‘non-underlying’
items although such terminology is not defined in IFRS and accordingly there
is a level of judgement required in determining what items to separately
identify.  The Board has adopted a policy to separately disclose those items
that it considers are outside the underlying operating results for the
particular year under review and against which the Group’s performance is
assessed.  Those items which relate to the ordinary course of the Group's
operating activities remain within underlying, for example property
commercialisation transactions, service credit penalties, and accrued income
impairments that reflect the adjustments to long-term contract reappraisals
which follow the original recognition as underlying revenue.

Items within non-underlying include intangible amortisation, asset
impairments, acquisition contingent consideration movements, the financial
impact of business exits or businesses in the process of being exited,
acquisition expenses, movements in the mark to market valuation of certain
financial instruments, and specific non-recurring items in the income
statement which, in the Directors’ judgement, need to be disclosed
separately (see notes 2, 3 and 4) by virtue of their nature, size and
incidence in order for users of the financial statements to obtain a proper
understanding of the financial information and the underlying performance of
the business.

Preliminary announcement

A duly appointed and authorised committee of the Board of Directors approved
the preliminary announcement on 1 March 2017. The financial information set
out above does not constitute the Company's statutory accounts for the years
ended 31 December 2016 or 2015 but is derived from those accounts. Statutory
accounts for 2015 have been delivered to the registrar of companies, and those
for 2016 will be delivered in due course. The auditor has reported on those
accounts; their reports were (i) unqualified, (ii) did not include a reference
to any matters to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis without
qualifying their report and (iii) did not contain a statement under section
498 (2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

1 Segmental information

The Group’s operations are organised and managed separately according to the
nature of the services provided, with each segment representing a strategic
business unit offering a different package of related services across the
Group’s markets. No operating segments have been aggregated to form the
reportable operating segments below. The information disclosed below
represents the way in which the results of the businesses were reported to the
Group Board.  The reported segmental structure has been changed in the year
and therefore the comparatives have been restated accordingly.

Before eliminating sales between business units on consolidation, the Group
accounts for sales between business units as if they were to a third party at
market rates.

The tables below present revenue and the trading result information for the
Group’s business segments for the years 2016 and 2015. All operations are
continuing. The 2015 consolidated income statement has not been restated for
the impact of business exits and other non-underlying items. If the 2015
underlying consolidated income statement was restated for both businesses
exited during 2016 and businesses that were held for sale in 2015 but were not
exited in 2016, revenue would be reduced by £61.6m and profit before tax
would reduce by £4.7m.

Year ended 31 December 2016

                                                                                                  Segment revenue                                                                                                 Segment profit                                      
                                           Underlying trading revenue     Inter-segment revenue     Third party revenue      Non-underlying trading     Total segment revenue       Underlying trading profit      Non-underlying trading      Total trading profit   
 Trading                                                           £m                        £m                      £m                          £m                        £m                              £m                          £m                        £m   
 Digital & Software Solutions                   582.1                        (60.5 )                  521.6                       1.5                      523.1                         139.1                         (0.5 )                    138.6                
 Integrated Services                            293.5                        (23.8 )                  269.7                         —                      269.7                          (6.5 )                          —                       (6.5 )              
 Commercial Services                            314.6                        (25.6 )                  289.0                         —                      289.0                          63.9                            —                       63.9                
 Strategic Services                             477.0                        (42.4 )                  434.6                       1.1                      435.7                          72.2                            —                       72.2                
 Local Government, Health & Property            715.0                        (75.4 )                  639.6                       1.3                      640.9                          64.1                            —                       64.1                
 Workplace Services                             489.1                        (36.8 )                  452.3                         —                      452.3                          35.0                            —                       35.0                
 IT Enterprise Services                         741.0                       (124.3 )                  616.7                         —                      616.7                          36.0                            —                       36.0                
 Asset Services                                 525.9                        (53.0 )                  472.9                         —                      472.9                          96.8                            —                       96.8                
 Customer Management                            561.5                        (57.8 )                  503.7                         —                      503.7                          42.3                            —                       42.3                
 Capita Europe                                  207.1                         (1.7 )                  205.4                       3.9                      209.3                           6.1                         (0.3 )                      5.8                
 Insurance & Benefits Services                  597.1                       (104.7 )                  492.4                       3.5                      495.9                          31.9                          0.9                       32.8                
 Total trading                                5,503.9                       (606.0 )                4,897.9                      11.3                    4,909.2                         580.9                          0.1                      581.0                
 Accrued income write down                                                                                                                                                               (39.6 )                          —                      (39.6 )              
 Total                                                                                                                                                                                   541.3                          0.1                      541.4                
 Non-trading                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
 Business exit costs (1)                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2.7                
 Restructuring costs (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                         (59.4 )              
 Amortisation of acquired intangibles (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                       (152.2 )              
 Impairment of goodwill (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (66.6 )              
 Impairment of acquired intangibles (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                          (14.7 )              
 Impairment of investment loan (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                (2.6 )              
 Impairment of contract related assets (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                       (58.3 )              
 Acquisition costs (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                            (9.0 )              
 Contingent consideration movements (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                           (1.2 )              
 Asset Services settlement provision (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                         (13.4 )              
 Co-op contract dispute (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (18.4 )              
 Operating profit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                148.3                
 Net finance costs (3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                           (73.6 )              
 Profit on business disposal (1)                                                                                                                                                                                                                   0.1                
 Profit before tax                                                                                                                                                                                                                                74.8                
 Income tax expense                                                                                                                                                                                                                              (32.5 )              
 Profit for the year                                                                                                                                                                                                                              42.3                
 1 See note 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 2 See note 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 3 See note 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

1 Segmental information (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2015

                                                                                                    Segment revenue                                                                                                   Segment result                                      
                                           Underlying trading revenue     Inter-segment revenue     Third party revenue      Non-underlying trading (1)     Total segment revenue     Underlying trading result      Non-underlying trading (1)      Total trading result 
 Trading                                                           £m                        £m                      £m                              £m                        £m                            £m                              £m                        £m 
 Digital & Software Solutions                   554.1                        (60.0 )                  494.1                           —                        494.1                       131.5                              —                        131.5              
 Integrated Services                            226.8                        (23.6 )                  203.2                           —                        203.2                        16.3                              —                         16.3              
 Commercial Services                            288.3                        (25.3 )                  263.0                           —                        263.0                        52.1                              —                         52.1              
 Strategic Services                             374.6                        (42.0 )                  332.6                        84.4                        417.0                        69.2                           (3.4 )                       65.8              
 Local Government, Health & Property            724.9                        (74.6 )                  650.3                           —                        650.3                        65.2                              —                         65.2              
 Workplace Services                             534.9                        (36.4 )                  498.5                           —                        498.5                        46.0                              —                         46.0              
 IT Enterprise Services                         658.0                       (123.1 )                  534.9                           —                        534.9                        49.7                              —                         49.7              
 Asset Services                                 488.9                        (52.5 )                  436.4                           —                        436.4                       104.4                              —                        104.4              
 Customer Management                            638.0                        (57.2 )                  580.8                           —                        580.8                        57.5                              —                         57.5              
 Capita Europe                                  180.2                         (1.7 )                  178.5                           —                        178.5                        19.8                              —                         19.8              
 Insurance & Benefits Services                  605.6                       (103.6 )                  502.0                        78.2                        580.2                        27.3                            2.2                         29.5              
 Total trading                                5,274.3                       (600.0 )                4,674.3                       162.6                      4,836.9                       639.0                           (1.2 )                      637.8              
 Non-trading                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
 Business exit costs (1)                                                                                                                                                                                                                              (136.9 )            
 Intangible amortisation (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                          (165.0 )            
 Impairment of contract related assets (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                             (76.7 )            
 Impairment of goodwill (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                            (28.3 )            
 Xchanging transaction (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                               3.7              
 Acquisition costs (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 (16.2 )            
 Contingent consideration movements (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.4              
 Asset Services settlement provision (2)                                                                                                                                                                                                               (17.2 )            
 Operating profit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      206.6              
 Net finance costs (3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 (68.2 )            
 Loss on business disposal (1)                                                                                                                                                                                                                         (26.3 )            
 Profit before tax                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     112.1              
 Income tax expense                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    (56.5 )            
 Profit for the year                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    55.6              
 1 See note 2.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
 2 See note 3.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
 3 See note 4.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

2 Business exit

Business exits are businesses that have been exited during the year or are
held for sale at the year end.

In the 2015 Annual Report, we disclosed that the Group was in an active
process to sell a specialist insurance business, a health business and a
justice business and was therefore treating these businesses as a disposal
group held for sale. During the period, the disposal of the specialist
insurance and health business has been completed.  The disposal process of
the justice business ceased, and the business was moved out from being a
disposal group held for sale back into underlying reported numbers.  The
Group also completed the disposal of a number of other small low growth
businesses in the year.

Following a Group-wide business review, the Group announced it intends to
dispose of the majority of the Capita Asset Services division and our
specialist recruitment  businesses which no longer fit the Group's core
business strategy. These actions will increase the Group's focus on its core
markets of customer and business process management services, while
underpinning the Group's balance sheet.  At the 31 December 2016, none of
these disposals met any of the criteria to be treated as held for sale.

None of our 2016 business exits meet the definition of “discontinued
operations” as stipulated by IFRS 5, which requires disclosure and
restatement of comparatives where the relative size of a disposal or business
closure is significant, which is normally understood to mean a reported
segment. Accordingly, the separate presentation described below does not fall
within the requirements of IFRS 5 concerning discontinued operations and
comparatives have not been restated.

 Income statement impact                                                                                        
                                                                          Non-trading                           
                                                Trading  £m     Cash      Non-cash        Total  £m      Total  
                                                                   £m            £m                          £m 
 Revenue                                      11.3             —           —              —          11.3       
 Cost of sales                                (6.7 )           —           —              —          (6.7 )     
 Gross profit                                  4.6             —           —              —           4.6       
 Administrative expenses                      (4.5 )         2.9        (0.2 )          2.7          (1.8 )     
 Operating profit                              0.1           2.9        (0.2 )          2.7           2.8       
 Profit on business disposal (see below)         —           0.1           —            0.1           0.1       
 Profit before tax                             0.1           3.0        (0.2 )          2.8           2.9       
 Taxation                                        —           0.5           —            0.5           0.5       
 Profit after tax                              0.1           3.5        (0.2 )          3.3           3.4       

Trading revenue and costs represent the current year trading performance of
those businesses disposed.

Non-trading disposal and closure costs include the costs of exiting businesses
and the ongoing stranded costs such as property lease and redundancy payments.

During the year, the disposal process of the justice business ceased, and the
business was moved out from being a disposal group held for sale back into
underlying reported numbers.  An onerous contract provision relating to that
business, being £6.9m, was transferred into underlying and recognised within
the Administrative expenses relating to business exits.

Profit on business disposal

The table below summarises the profit on disposal

                                          Cash      Non-cash       Total 
                                            £m            £m          £m 
 Property, plant and equipment          —        (0.3 )        (0.3 )    
 Intangible assets                      —        (5.2 )        (5.2 )    
 Trade and other receivables            —        (2.0 )        (2.0 )    
 Assets held for sale                   —       (63.6 )       (63.6 )    
 Trade and other payables               —         0.9           0.9      
 Liabilities held for sale              —        19.9          19.9      
 Cash disposed of                    (4.2 )         —          (4.2 )    
 Total net assets disposed of        (4.2 )     (50.3 )       (54.5 )    
 Proceeds received                   30.6           —          30.6      
 Loan notes                          20.0           —          20.0      
 Residual non-controlling interest      —         4.0           4.0      
 Profit on business disposal         46.4       (46.3 )         0.1      

Non-underlying cash movements in payables and receivables

Businesses disposed of and held for sale during 2016 generated operating cash
outflows, prior to disposal, of £12.3m.

3 Other non-underlying

Included within other non-underlying column are:

                                                                                                             2016                                                            2015 
                                                       Cash in year      Cash in future      Non-cash       Total      Cash in year      Cash in future      Non-cash       Total 
                                            Notes                £m                  £m            £m          £m                £m                  £m            £m          £m 
 Cost of sales                                                                                                                                                                    
 Co-op contract dispute                                  —                  —              7.5           7.5             —                  —                —             —      
 Total cost of sales                                     —                  —              7.5           7.5             —                  —                —             —      
                                                                                                                                                                                  
 Administrative expenses                                                                                                                                                          
 Amortisation of acquired intangibles        8           —                  —            152.2         152.2             —                  —            165.0         165.0      
 Impairment of acquired intangibles          8           —                  —             14.7          14.7             —                  —                —             —      
 Contingent consideration movements                      —                  —              1.2           1.2             —                  —             (5.4 )        (5.4 )    
 Asset Services settlement provision         11        0.9               12.5                —          13.4          11.5                5.7                —          17.2      
 Restructuring expense                       11       10.0               49.4                —          59.4             —                  —                —             —      
 Impairment of investment loan                           —                  —              2.6           2.6             —                  —                —             —      
 Impairment of contract related assets      7,8          —                  —             58.3          58.3             —                  —             76.7          76.7      
 Co-op contract dispute                                1.8                4.9              4.2          10.9             —                  —                —             —      
 Impairment of goodwill                      9           —                  —             66.6          66.6             —                  —             28.3          28.3      
 Xchanging transaction                                   —                  —                —             —          (3.7 )                —                —          (3.7 )    
 Professional fees regarding acquisitions    10        6.4                2.0                —           8.4           8.0                7.0                —          15.0      
 Stamp duty paid on acquisitions             10        0.6                  —                —           0.6           1.2                  —                —           1.2      
 Total administrative expenses                        19.7               68.8            299.8         388.3          17.0               12.7            264.6         294.3      
                                                                                                                                                                                  
 Operating profit                                     19.7               68.8            307.3         395.8          17.0               12.7            264.6         294.3      

The above items are presented as specific non-underlying as the Board have
concluded that it is appropriate to do so.  These items are not reflective of
the in-year performance of the Group. The tax impact of the above items is a
£54.9m credit.  These items are discussed below:

Impairment and amortisation of intangible assets: the Group carries on its
balance sheet significant balances related to acquired intangible assets. 
The amortisation of these assets, and any impairment charges, are reported
separately as they distort the in-year trading results and performance of the
acquired businesses is assessed through the underlying operational results.

Contingent consideration movements: in accordance with IFRS 3, movements in
the fair value of contingent consideration on acquisitions go through the
Group income statement.  These are reported separately because performance of
the acquired businesses is assessed through the underlying operational results
and such a charge/credit movement would distort underlying results.

Asset Services settlement provision:  these significant litigation costs are
historic in nature, being tied to previous acquisitions, comprising £22.9m of
provisions for future costs less £10.4m of insurance asset recoveries, and
are included in non-underlying as they are not reflective of the in-year
performance of the Group’s operational activities.

Restructuring expense:  the Group continually assesses the resourcing levels,
both at a divisional level and also in relation to the management and delivery
of individual contracts.  This results in restructuring actions in the
ordinary course of business and any such charges are recorded within the
underlying results.  In 2016 the Board announced a major programme, with the
restructuring of the Group into six new reporting divisions under a Group wide
programme.  The cost of this Group wide programme (£59.4m) has been charged
to non-underlying, being the element that is above the normal level of
restructuring undertaken by the Group.

Impairment of investment loan:  the Group has fully impaired an historic
investment loan in the year.  The charge is reported separately as such items
are not reflective of the in-year performance of the Group.

Impairment of contract related assets: as part of its year-end close process,
Capita has undertaken a comprehensive review across its major contracts. 
Following this review management has taken the decision to impair, at 31
December 2016, a number of historic assets relating to a few specific
contracts, which were being amortised over their contract life. Non-current
assets amounting to £58.3m (£16.5m property, plant and equipment - see note
13; £41.8m capitalised software development intangible assets - see note 14)
have been written off as a non-underlying charge because it does not reflect
the contract performance in-year, and is consistent with prior year treatment.

Co-op contract dispute: the impact of the dispute with the Co-Operative Bank
plc on the financial statements is a charge of £18.4m representing the write
off of accrued income relating to the transformation programme of £7.5m to
cost of sales; and software licence costs of £4.2m, other costs of £5.8m and
a provision for 2017 legal costs of £0.9m to administrative expenses.  This
has been included within non-underlying because it is one-off in nature and is
due to a contractual dispute rather than service credit penalties.

Impairment of goodwill: the Group carries on its balance sheet significant
balances related to acquired goodwill.  Goodwill is subject to annual
impairment testing, and any impairment charges are reported separately as they
distort the in-year trading results and because performance of the acquired
businesses is assessed through the underlying operational results.

Acquisition related costs and stamp duty: these costs incurred with
acquisitions are not included in the assessment of business performance which
is based on the underlying results. IFRS requires certain costs incurred in
connection with acquired businesses to be recorded within the Group income
statement.  These charges are not included in the internal assessment of
business performance which as above is based on the underlying operational
results.  These charges are therefore separately disclosed as non-underlying.

4 Net finance costs

                                                                               2016       2015 
                                                                                 £m         £m 
 Interest receivable                                                      (0.6 )        —      
 Bonds                                                                    35.6       31.0      
 Fixed rate interest rate swaps                                           12.6        5.4      
 Finance lease                                                             0.2        0.4      
 Bank loans and overdrafts                                                11.6       10.3      
 Net interest cost on defined benefit pension schemes                      6.6        6.4      
 Interest payable                                                         66.6       53.5      
 Underlying net finance costs                                             66.0       53.5      
 Fixed rate interest rate swaps – mark to market                          18.1        3.7      
 Discount unwind on public sector subsidiary partnership payment           2.3        2.2      
 Fair value movement in trade investments                                 (0.1 )      0.3      
 Non-designated foreign exchange forward contracts – mark to market      (13.7 )      8.0      
 Derivatives’ counterparty credit risk adjustment – mark to market         0.8        0.4      
 Derivatives’ own credit risk adjustment – mark to market                  0.2        0.1      
 Non-underlying net finance costs                                          7.6       14.7      
 Total net finance costs                                                  73.6       68.2      

5 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing net profit for the
year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net profit
for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the
weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus
the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on the
conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares.

The following reflects the income and share data used in the basic and diluted
earnings per share computations:

                                                                                         2016       2015 
                                                                                           £m         £m 
 Net profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent from operations   36.9       52.7      
                                                                                                         

   

                                                                                                                                2016                2015 
                                                                                                                             Number       Number million 
                                                                                                                             million                     
 Weighted average number of ordinary shares (excluding trust and treasury shares) for basic earnings per share          664.7            662.2           
 Dilutive potential ordinary shares:                                                                                                                     
 Employee share options                                                                                                     —              8.4           
 Weighted average number of ordinary shares (excluding trust and treasury shares) adjusted for the effect of dilution   664.7            670.6           

There have been no other transactions involving ordinary shares or potential
ordinary shares between the reporting date and the date of completion of these
financial statements.

The earnings per share figures are calculated based on underlying earnings
attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent of £376.7m (2015:
£468.4m) and, after non-underlying costs, earnings of £36.9m (2015:
£52.7m). They are both included to provide a better understanding of the
trading performance of the Group.

                                                   2016        2015 
                                                      p           p 
 Basic earnings per share – underlying       56.67       70.73      
 – after non-underlying                       5.55        7.96      
 Diluted earnings per share – underlying     56.67       69.85      
 – after non-underlying                       5.55        7.86      

6 Dividends paid and proposed

                                                                                     2016        2015 
                                                                                       £m          £m 
 Declared and paid during the year                                                                    
 Ordinary shares (equity):                                                                            
 Final for 2015 paid: 21.2p per share (2014: 19.6p per share)                       140.9       129.7 
 Interim for 2016 paid: 11.1p per share (2015: 10.5p per share)                      73.9        69.6 
 Dividends paid to shareholders                                                     214.8       199.3 
 Dividends paid to non-controlling interest                                      4.2         1.2      
 Total dividend paid                                                           219.0       200.5      
                                                                                                      
 Proposed for approval at AGM (not recognised as a liability at 31 December)                          
 Ordinary shares (equity):                                                                            
 Final for 2016: 20.6p per share (2015: 21.2p per share)                       137.0            140.3 

7 Property, Plant and Equipment

                                                    Leasehold improvements, land and buildings £m      Plant and machinery £m       Total £m 
 Cost                                                                                                                                        
 As at 1 January 2015                                              95.1                                   522.1                 617.2        
 Subsidiaries acquired                                              0.5                                    10.8                  11.3        
 Disposal of business                                              (0.1 )                                  (0.2 )                (0.3 )      
 Transfer to held for sale assets                                  (0.4 )                                  (1.0 )                (1.4 )      
 Additions                                                         22.0                                    96.5                 118.5        
 Disposals                                                         (1.8 )                                  (5.7 )                (7.5 )      
 Asset retirements                                                 (4.4 )                                 (66.4 )               (70.8 )      
 Re-class to intangible assets (net)                                  —                                    (6.1 )                (6.1 )      
 Exchange movement                                                 (0.4 )                                  (2.5 )                (2.9 )      
 As at 31 December 2015                                           110.5                                   547.5                 658.0        
 Subsidiaries acquired                                                —                                     2.7                   2.7        
 Disposal of business                                                 —                                    (0.5 )                (0.5 )      
 Transfer from held for sale assets                                   —                                     0.6                   0.6        
 Additions                                                         10.5                                    73.1                  83.6        
 Disposals                                                         (0.7 )                                 (14.0 )               (14.7 )      
 Asset retirements                                                (18.2 )                                (198.8 )              (217.0 )      
 Re-class to intangible assets                                        —                                    (2.6 )                (2.6 )      
 Exchange movement                                                  2.9                                    12.3                  15.2        
 As at 31 December 2016                                           105.0                                   420.3                 525.3        
 Depreciation and impairment                                                                                                                 
 As at 1 January 2015                                              35.9                                   132.5                 168.4        
 Charged during the year - underlying                              11.9                                    70.2                  82.1        
 Accelerated depreciation - business closure                        0.1                                       —                   0.1        
 Impairment                                                           —                                    76.7                  76.7        
 Disposal of business                                                 —                                    (0.1 )                (0.1 )      
 Transfer to Held for Sale assets                                     —                                    (0.7 )                (0.7 )      
 Disposals                                                         (0.2 )                                  (2.8 )                (3.0 )      
 Asset retirements                                                 (4.4 )                                 (66.4 )               (70.8 )      
 Exchange movement                                                 (0.1 )                                  (0.6 )                (0.7 )      
 As at 31 December 2015                                            43.2                                   208.8                 252.0        
 Charged during the year – underlying                              12.3                                    69.6                  81.9        
 Impairment                                                           —                                    16.5                  16.5        
 Disposal of Business                                                 —                                    (0.2 )                (0.2 )      
 Transfer from held for sale assets                                   —                                     0.5                   0.5        
 Disposals                                                         (0.3 )                                 (13.0 )               (13.3 )      
 Asset retirements                                                (18.2 )                                (198.8 )              (217.0 )      
 Exchange movement                                                  1.8                                     8.4                  10.2        
 As at 31 December 2016                                            38.8                                    91.8                 130.6        
 Net book value                                                                                                                              
 At 1 January 2015                                                 59.2                                   389.6                 448.8        
 At 31 December 2015                                               67.3                                   338.7                 406.0        
 At 31 December 2016                                               66.2                                   328.5                 394.7        

7 Property, Plant and Equipment (continued)

The net book value of plant and machinery includes an amount of £2.3m (2015:
£7.0m) in respect of assets held under finance leases.

In light of the difficult market conditions experienced by the Group during
the year, management conducted a review of contract related balances on major
contracts across the Group.  This review led to assets in the Insurance &
Benefits Services division with a total net book value of £16.5m being fully
written down.

8 Intangible assets

                                                                                                                                          Intangible assets acquired in business combinations                                                                                                               Intangible assets capitalised/purchased                                                    
                                                                             Brands £m      IP, software and licences £m      Contracts and committed sales £m       Client lists and relationships £m       Goodwill £m      Total acquired in business combinations £m         Capitalised software development £m      Other intangibles £m       Total capitalised /purchased £m          Total £m 
 Cost                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
 At 1 January 2015                                                    45.9                        103.4                               129.6                                  699.9                      2,136.9                          3,115.7                                           59.3                              30.4                            89.7                       3,205.4        
 Subsidiaries acquired                                                16.7                         10.6                                 7.9                                  182.4                        259.4                            477.0                                            0.2                               0.9                             1.1                         478.1        
 Business disposal                                                       —                            —                                   —                                      —                        (49.4 )                          (49.4 )                                            —                                 —                               —                         (49.4 )      
 Additions                                                               —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                           66.4                              18.7                            85.1                          85.1        
 Disposals                                                               —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                              —                              (0.3 )                          (0.3 )                        (0.3 )      
 Transfer to assets held for sale                                     (0.2 )                          —                                   —                                  (20.1 )                     (110.8 )                         (131.1 )                                         (0.6 )                            (0.1 )                          (0.7 )                      (131.8 )      
 Re-class from property, plant and equipment                             —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                            5.0                               1.1                             6.1                           6.1        
 Asset retirement                                                        —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                           (1.2 )                            (1.0 )                          (2.2 )                        (2.2 )      
 Fair value adjustments in 2015 relating to 2014 acquisitions            —                            —                                   —                                      —                          1.1                              1.1                                              —                                 —                               —                           1.1        
 Exchange movement                                                    (0.1 )                       (0.8 )                                 —                                   (3.3 )                       (2.3 )                           (6.5 )                                         (0.2 )                            (0.1 )                          (0.3 )                        (6.8 )      
 At 31 December 2015                                                  62.3                        113.2                               137.5                                  858.9                      2,234.9                          3,406.8                                          128.9                              49.6                           178.5                       3,585.3        
 Subsidiaries acquired                                                27.1                            —                                   —                                   23.3                         67.9                            118.3                                              —                               0.3                             0.3                         118.6        
 Business disposal                                                    (0.1 )                          —                                   —                                   (2.2 )                       (3.4 )                           (5.7 )                                            —                              (0.2 )                          (0.2 )                        (5.9 )      
 Additions                                                               —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                           68.1                               7.4                            75.5                          75.5        
 Disposals                                                               —                            —                                   —                                      —                            —                                —                                              —                              (0.3 )                          (0.3 )                        (0.3 )      
 Transfer from assets held for sale                                      —                            —                                   —                                    5.3   

- More to follow, for following part double click  ID:nPRr23445c

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