REG - Derwent London PLC - Results for the Year Ended 31 December 2024
27/02/2025 07:15
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RNS Number : 6188Y Derwent London PLC 27 February 2025
27 February 2025
Derwent London plc ("Derwent London" / "the Group")
RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
RENTAL GROWTH DRIVING TOTAL RETURNS
Paul Williams, Chief Executive of Derwent London, said:
"We have delivered another strong leasing performance, with £18.9m of new
rent signed over 12% above ERV. Alongside pre-letting the remaining office
space at 25 Baker Street W1, our activity was well distributed across the
portfolio. Growth in rental values doubled to 4.3%, the highest level since
2016, and valuations recovered in the second half as yields stabilised,
delivering a positive total return of 3.2%
Over the last few years, we have strategically reshaped our portfolio and we
are well positioned for the future. Having secured resolution to grant
planning consent for a major scheme at 50 Baker Street W1, in Q4 we acquired
our JV partner's 50% stake for £44.4m (before costs), equivalent to an
attractive £370 psf on the consented area. This adds a further c.£100m of
capex to our near-term development pipeline.
London is a leading global city, attracting a broad occupier base. Business
leaders across sectors want their teams in the office and London's workplaces
are busy. As specialists, we understand evolving market requirements, and our
distinctive brand and the spaces we deliver have strong appeal.
Our regeneration-led business model has helped us consistently outperform the
central London office index by an average 170bp per annum over the last 10
years, and by 280bp in 2024. Investment volumes are forecast to recover over
the coming year, and we expect portfolio ERV growth of 3% to 6% in 2025 which
will further drive the Group's reversionary profile. Together with development
profits from our c.2m sq ft pipeline, this gives us confidence in our total
return outlook."
2024 2023 Change 2024 2023
Income statement Leverage
Gross rental income £214.8m £212.8m 0.9% EPRA LTV 29.9% 27.9%
EPRA EPS 106.5p 102.0p 4.4% Interest cover 3.9x 4.1x
Dividend 80.5p 79.5p 1.3% Net debt/EBITDA 9.3x 8.8x
IFRS profit/(loss) before tax £116.0m £(475.9)m - Cash and undrawn debt £487m £480m
Balance sheet Dec-24 Dec-23 Valuation
EPRA NTA per share(1) 3,149p 3,129p 0.6% Valuation movement +0.2% -10.6%
Total return 3.2% -11.7% - Equivalent yield 5.73% 5.55%
Net debt £1,483m £1,357m - ERV growth 4.3% 2.1%
Total property portfolio £4,861m £4,658m - Total property return 4.1% -7.3%
(1) Explanations of how EPRA figures are derived from IFRS are shown in note
26.
Portfolio highlights
· ERV growth of 4.3% (2023: 2.1%), driving portfolio reversion
· Equivalent yield stable in H2 at 5.73%, up 18bp overall in 2024
· Portfolio valuation growth of 0.2% in 2024; H2 valuations up 1.9%
Operational activity
· £18.9m of new leases, with open market lettings 12.3% above ERV
and 8.0 year WAULT (to break), including £4.5m of 'Furnished + Flexible'
leases with a 2.6 year WAULT
· 25 Baker Street W1 offices now fully pre-let on rents 16.5% ahead
of appraisal ERV with 13.5 year WAULT
· Acquisition of JV partner's interest at 50 Baker Street W1, for
£44.4m (pre-costs)
Financial highlights
· Return to a positive total return of 3.2%, with NTA up 0.6% to
3,149p
· EPRA EPS up 4.4% to 106.5p; dividend per share increased to 80.5p
Outlook
· Positive rental outlook with portfolio ERV guidance for 2025 of
3% to 6%
· Total return outlook the strongest for several years assuming
yields remain stable
Webcast and conference call
There will be a live webcast together with a conference call for investors and
analysts at 08.30 GMT today.
To participate in the call or to access the webcast, please register at
www.derwentlondon.com (http://www.derwentlondon.com)
A recording of the webcast will also be made available following the event on
www.derwentlondon.com (http://www.derwentlondon.com)
For further information, please contact:
Derwent London Paul Williams, Chief Executive
Tel: +44 (0)20 3478 4217 Damian Wisniewski, Chief Financial Officer
Robert Duncan, Head of Investor Relations
Brunswick Group Nina Coad
Tel: +44 (0)20 7404 5959 Emily Brentnall
CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT
· Market conditions increasingly favourable
· Long-term track record of total property return outperformance
against the central London office index
· A balanced portfolio between core income properties and those
with regeneration potential
The Group has a clear and differentiated business model, established over 40
years, adding value through regeneration and delivering high quality,
design-led sustainable offices. We have a proven track record, with a
disciplined approach to capital recycling. We have consistently outperformed
the MSCI Central London Office Index and in 2024 our total property return was
a strong 280bp outperformance of the index.
The occupational market in London remains positive. Demand is broadening and
activity is more evenly spread across sub-markets than in recent years. While
businesses continue to prioritise prime offices in well-connected, central
locations, there has been an increase in demand for space at more accessible
price points. Our development pipeline and portfolio are well-aligned with
these market trends. Our overall ERV was up £10.9m to £320.5m. This includes
the substantial uplift in our mark-to-market reversion to £18.3m, from £7.1m
at December 2023, driven by ERV growth.
Over the coming years we intend to maintain the pace of investment into our
portfolio to ensure our buildings remain strategically well-placed. Our 2m sq
ft regeneration pipeline will deliver attractive returns and the scale of the
projects provides good optionality. In addition, the volume of refurbishments
continues to rise, giving us the opportunity to drive rents.
Our portfolio remains under continual review. We will recycle assets to
maximise our return on capital and ensure we retain sufficient financial
headroom to take advantage of investment opportunities that are emerging.
Our focus is on offering innovative workspaces that meet London's diverse
demand. Like our portfolio, this ranges from large, long-term HQ spaces to
smaller 'Furnished + Flexible' units. We are dedicated to delivering
best-in-class offices under our distinctive brand and our unique DL/Member
offering plays a key role in providing real additional value to our occupiers.
EPRA earnings in 2024 of 106.5p per share were up 4.4% and I am therefore
pleased to confirm a 0.5p increase in the final dividend to 55.5p, resulting
in a 1.3% increase in the full year dividend to 80.5p per share in line with
our progressive and well covered policy. It will be paid on 30 May 2025 to
shareholders on the register of members at 25 April. The 2024 interim and
final dividends were covered 1.32 times by EPRA earnings.
We dedicate considerable time and resources to the ongoing development of our
people to prepare for succession at all levels across the business and the
Nominations Committee continues to plan for senior succession. We have a
strong pool of talent from which to draw.
During 2024, a number of changes were made to the Board. Claudia Arney stepped
down after nine years as Non-Executive Director. She was succeeded as Chair of
the Remuneration Committee by Sanjeev Sharma. The Board was pleased to welcome
Rob Wilkinson and Madeleine McDougall as Non-Executive Directors in the year.
Dame Cilla Snowball will retire by no later than the 2025 AGM after her
nine-year term and be succeeded by Madeleine as Chair of the Responsible
Business Committee. The Board thanks both Claudia and Cilla for their valuable
contribution to the business and wishes them well for the future.
With our great team, strong portfolio and more positive market outlook, we are
optimistic for the future.
CEO STATEMENT
· Strong total return outlook
· ERV growth across market as occupier demand broadens
· Substantial increase in reversionary potential
· Delivering 0.9m sq ft into supply-constrained market
London's enduring appeal
London is a leading global city which continuously adapts and evolves. With
unrivalled international connectivity and world-leading universities, it is
Europe's tech and innovation hub attracting more venture capital investment
than any other European city. Appealing to talent across a variety of sectors,
it supports a highly skilled workforce. It is a city with all the elements for
a promising and strong future: ongoing growth in office-based jobs, GDP
expected to maintain its outperformance, and an enduring competitive advantage
which appeals to a broad range of businesses. We are excited about the outlook
for London and the office sector despite the volatile macroeconomic
environment.
The importance of the office is widely endorsed by companies across sectors,
as they place increasing emphasis on ensuring their talent is primarily in the
workplace. High quality, well-located space across a broadening variety of
price points is being prioritised, which aligns well with our portfolio.
London's occupational market was strong in 2024, with take-up in line with
longer term levels and active demand rising significantly in the year. At the
same time, the vacancy rate for high quality London offices is very low and
the medium-term development pipeline is constrained. In 2024, we delivered
another successful leasing performance and portfolio ERV growth more than
doubled year on year to 4.3%, the highest level since 2016. We expect this
positive activity to continue.
The investment market was subdued last year. Sentiment improved in the first
half, with inflation and long-term interest rates reducing, optimism leading
up to the General Election and UK GDP forecasts being revised upwards.
However, Q4 saw a reversal in sentiment as concerns around growth and
inflation re-emerged.
In spite of this, and in line with our guidance, property yields stabilised,
following two years of substantial outward movement. Investment activity is
expected to increase in 2025, with a rise in the number of assets being
brought to the market and more investors looking to invest in the sector.
Our strategic focus
We are specialists in the London market, with clear insight into how
businesses see London from a global perspective. The evolving market and
occupier mindset present both challenges and opportunities. We are
well-positioned to capitalise on these shifts and are proactively responding
to them.
Our commercial decisions around capital allocation and operational models will
impact returns over several of years. As such, we focus on the short and
long-term implications of our actions. We continue to review market
opportunities while remaining committed to capital recycling (both buying and
selling) at the optimal price and timing, ensuring we deliver good returns.
We continuously review the portfolio to ensure it is fit for the future and
over the last five years have made disposals totalling £824m. Combined with
acquisitions of £484m and capex of £848m, our portfolio has been reshaped to
fewer but higher quality buildings. We have been disciplined and strategically
focused with our capital allocation.
With higher quality, greener buildings today, this reshaping has helped
deliver a more resilient valuation performance through the recent downturn.
Our total property return has outperformed the MSCI benchmark by 170bp pa over
the last 10 years, and by 280bp in 2024.
Operationally, our approach is to reflect the market and offer spaces that
appeal to a broad range of businesses, without assuming 'one size fits all'.
Inspiring and innovative architecture and design, sustainability, and a
holistic approach to our overall product and offering are integral to
everything we do when shaping our portfolio.
For larger buildings with bigger floorplates, we deliver HQ space which
attracts more established businesses on long leases. For units under 10,000 sq
ft, we will likely offer Furnished and Flexible units to attract smaller
occupiers who are often willing to pay higher rents for this more
straightforward, short-term solution. Our focus is on maintaining a
well-balanced mix across the portfolio. This approach ensures a robust WAULT,
sustainable profit margins and helps us manage our operational costs. The
unique Derwent London offering, regardless of scale, is backed by a personal
approach, exceptional service, and further enhanced by our DL/ Member
benefits.
Portfolio activity
In 2024 we achieved further operational success, signing £18.9m of new leases
and bringing the total rent agreed over the past two years to £47.3m. Open
market lettings in 2024 averaged 12.3% ahead of December 2023 ERV and included
the pre-letting of the remaining office space at 25 Baker Street W1. With a
high rate of retention and reletting, coupled with commencement of rolling
refurbishment work at several properties, our EPRA vacancy rate reduced from
4.0% at December 2023 to 3.1%. Since the year-end, a further £1.2m has been
let and £2.2m is under offer.
Our leasing activity was well-distributed across the portfolio.
Geographically, activity was split between the West End at 53% and City
Borders at 43%, with pre-letting accounting for 47%.
Lease length is an important KPI for us, with a long WAULT supporting our risk
capacity for speculative development. Including pre-lets, the average term (to
break) for new leases signed in the year was 8.0 years, slightly ahead of the
portfolio's 6.8 year 'topped up' WAULT.
We completed disposals totalling £89.1m (after costs) in the year. At
£76.6m, Turnmill EC1 was the principal disposal, reflecting a capital value
of £1,100 psf and a 4.9% initial yield. In addition, the sale of the recently
vacated 4 & 10 Pentonville Road N1 completed shortly after year-end for
£25.7m.
Capital expenditure for the year totalled £207m, one of the highest levels on
record. Alongside our two major on-site projects, the number of rolling
refurbishments increased in the year, as we upgrade environmental performance
and drive rents. We expect a higher volume of refurbishment over the coming
years.
Marylebone has been proven as a strong West End office market. This further
justified our acquisition of our JV partner's 50% stake at 50 Baker Street W1.
This c.240,000 sq ft development is expected to start in H1 2026. The
consideration of £44.4m (before costs) reflects a valuation of c.£370 psf on
the consented area, an attractive discount to recent market evidence. With a
forecast shortage of supply when the development completes, we expect this
project to deliver an attractive return.
Property valuations and financial performance
Underlying capital values, before accounting adjustments, increased 0.2% in
2024, supporting a 0.6% uplift in NTA to 3,149p per share and a positive total
return (also known as total accounting return) of 3.2%. This masks a notable
shift through the year, however, with valuations up 1.9% in H2, more than
offsetting the 1.7% reduction in H1. The portfolio equivalent yield was
unchanged through H2 at 5.73%, having increased 18bp in the first half.
Reversion growth and development profits were the main drivers of the second
half valuation performance. Our 4.1% total property return again outperformed
the MSCI benchmark of 1.3%.
Our higher quality buildings continued to outperform. Properties valued at
≥£1,500 psf rose in value by 3.5%, while those valued at ≤£1,000 psf
declined 3.8%. The value of our on-site developments increased 15.1%
reflecting completion of the pre-letting campaign at 25 Baker Street and
further progress on delivery.
With a structural shortage of space across the London office market, and
particularly in the West End, that meets the evolving requirements of
occupiers, we are confident in the ongoing rental prospects for our portfolio.
The pace of rental value growth in our portfolio more than doubled in 2024 to
4.3% compared to 2.1% in 2023. Rental reversion from reviews and expiries
increased substantially from £7.1m at December 2023 to £18.3m at the end of
2024 which will drive future growth in our gross rental income and marks the
start of the new cycle.
Earnings are an important component of our total return. In recent years, we
have delivered relatively strong EPRA earnings despite many of our costs
rising more quickly than rental income. We are now seeing a general reduction
in the rate of cost inflation. It is worth noting that the lumpy nature of our
development projects causes short-term movement in earnings as they complete
and capitalisation of interest stops. Combined with a gradual increase in our
average interest rate as near-term debt is refinanced, this may impact our
EPRA earnings in 2025. Trading profits from the sales of the private
residential units at 25 Baker Street W1, which are excluded from the
definition of EPRA earnings, are expected to offset this.
Dynamic London office market
Central London take-up increased each quarter in 2024 aligning with longer
term levels. A total of 11.3m sq ft was leased. There is significant pent-up
demand across a wide variety of requirements, with active demand up 30% over
the year to 12.8m sq ft. London's office vacancy rate in 2024 reduced from
8.6% to 7.5%, a decline of c.4m sq ft.
Occupier requirements are focused on well-connected core locations where
existing supply is low and new supply is constrained. As a result, businesses
with larger space needs are engaging earlier to maximise the available
options.
We believe the West End is well-positioned for the medium and longer term.
Reasons include the broad occupier base and its more restrictive planning
backdrop which limits the amount of new space being delivered. While we expect
the City to benefit from a near-term increase in demand, it is likely to
remain more cyclical than the West End which has historically demonstrated
more sustained growth.
2.0m sq ft regeneration pipeline
Regeneration sits at the heart of our business model and we have a long and
successful track record of creating high quality space in the right locations.
Our pipeline extends to approximately 2.0m sq ft across eight major projects,
which includes:
· On-site projects totalling 437,000 sq ft (completion in 2025); the
combined development yield is 6.1%, which would rise to 6.3% if a similar
level of ERV outperformance is achieved on the remaining speculative space.
Our new yield on completion metric, of 6.9% for these projects, replaces
notional finance costs with actual capitalised interest and is more in line
with the methodology used by our peers;
· Next phase of projects totalling 481,300 sq ft which are expected
to complete over the next three to four years; and
· Longer term projects of c.1.1m sq ft.
To maximise value on our longer term projects such as Old Street Quarter EC1,
we will explore the appropriate balance of uses, including residential and
other 'living' sectors.
Additionally, we have an ambitious programme of refurbishments. Upgrading the
physical space and improving the environmental performance (EPC rating) will
deliver attractive rental uplifts at these smaller projects. Examples include
1-2 Stephen Street W1, Middlesex House W1 and 1 Oliver's Yard EC1.
Recognising our employees
In January 2025, we were delighted to achieve the National Equality Standard
(NES) for the second consecutive time, achieving a score in the top 5% of
accredited organisations in the UK. Our continued work to raise the bar has
also been recognised in the latest Britain's Most Admired Companies awards
where we came second in the real estate sector. Acknowledging the hard work of
our talented workforce, there were 15 internal promotions in 2024, including
two promotions to the Executive Committee: Matt Cook, Head of Digital
Innovation & Technology, and Julie Schutz, Head of Internal Audit.
Outlook and guidance
The market outlook for London office rental values is positive with increases
forecast across all sub-markets. Our valuation ERV growth rose to 4.3% in
2024, and our guidance for 2025 is in the range of 3% to 6% across our
portfolio. Initially, this will further drive our rental reversion, with
uplifts in passing rent captured over the following years as rent reviews and
new lettings occur.
We operate a total return business model. Whilst we expect to see a gradual
increase in our average cost of debt as we refinance over the next year or so,
ERV-led capital value growth and development surpluses will be the main
drivers of our performance over the next couple of years, with earnings
expected to respond thereafter.
Assuming yields remain stable, our total return outlook is the strongest it
has been for several years, supported by ongoing investment into the portfolio
in a robust occupier market.
CENTRAL LONDON OFFICE MARKET
· Take-up of 11.3m sq ft in line with long-term average;
substantial pent-up demand
· Looming supply shortfall
o Vacancy rate down 4m sq ft, to 7.5%; Grade A vacancy much lower at 1.3% in
West End
o Speculative development of 8.4m sq ft over next four years; <9 months'
supply
· Investment market subdued in 2024; forecast to improve in 2025
Occupational market
Over the next five years, economic growth in London is forecast to outperform
the UK by c.40bp annually. This is expected to support an annual increase of
c.40,000 new office-based jobs, in turn giving business the confidence it
needs to support ongoing investment in London.
Occupier demand is strong with a rise in the number of businesses upsizing.
Recent data from Cushman & Wakefield showed that for the ten largest
London office lettings in 2024, there was a 47% average increase in space
taken compared to the existing footprint. This was corroborated by data from
CBRE which shows the number of expansions continuing to rise.
Take-up in 2024 was positive and active occupier demand is elevated whilst
vacancy continues to reduce and the medium-term development pipeline is
constrained. Consequently, larger businesses are launching new requirements at
an ever earlier stage.
Overall take-up rose 4% to 11.3m sq ft, in line with the 10-year average. At
3.5m sq ft, West End take-up reduced 6% as space under offer rose 11% to 0.9m
sq ft. In the City, take-up increased 3% to 5.8m sq ft, but under offers
declined 20% to 0.9m sq ft. Across London, active demand rose 30% to 12.8m sq
ft, the highest level on record, although transactions are generally taking
longer to complete.
Vacancy across London reduced by 4m sq ft to 7.5%, or 1.9% for Grade A. Within
this, the West End remains well-placed with a Grade A vacancy rate of 1.3%
(5.0% overall) with the City at 2.0% (or 9.5% overall). The cyclical increase
in demand from the banking and finance and business services sectors has
supported a 3m sq ft reduction in City availability to 8.0m sq ft.
Across London, 14.5m sq ft of committed developments are forecast to complete
by 2028, of which 6.1m sq ft is pre-let or under offer (42%, rising to 51% for
2025 completions) and 8.4m sq ft remains speculative. Based on average take-up
over the last 10 years, this is equivalent to less than nine months' supply.
2025 is expected to see a spike in deliveries (8.8m sq ft), but over the
medium term, the pace of completions slows significantly.
Looking ahead, the outlook is promising. We are pleased to observe positive
activity throughout London, with rental growth now anticipated across most
sub-markets. The trend toward quality continues, and competition for the
highest-quality spaces is emerging, further bolstering strong rental growth.
In addition, we are witnessing increased demand for good quality space at more
accessible price points. Businesses across all sectors in London are back in
the office, and with corporate mandates becoming more common, we are seeing a
rise in businesses seeking additional space to accommodate this shift.
Investment market
The macroeconomic backdrop remained uncertain in 2024. The positive sentiment
which started to emerge in the middle part of the year reversed in Q4, with
long-term interest rates rising to their highest level since the Global
Financial Crisis in 2008-09. Ongoing uncertainty meant that many investors
remained on the sidelines and potential vendors chose to hold on to buildings
until market conditions improve. This resulted in the lowest transactional
volume recorded across central London in the last 25 years (£4.9bn vs a
long-term average of c.£11.4bn).
Q4 saw the return of a number of institutional investors to the central London
office market, following recent price corrections, having not been active for
several years. Well-located assets of up to £150m, with Value-Add and
Core-Plus business plans, continue to attract good investor demand,
principally due to the favourable occupational market and strong rental growth
prospects. However, Knight Frank now also reports around £5bn of capital for
core assets, as a consequence of the growing perception that pricing has
levelled out.
Demand remained focused on the sub-£100m market, with an average lot size
across central London of c.£33m (against a long-term average of closer to
£80m). There were only 11 deals in excess of £100m. The West End proved more
resilient against the challenging economic backdrop, recording £3.1bn of
transactions or four times that of the City at £0.8bn. This can partly be
attributed to its smaller average lot sizes and lower reliance on debt, but
also its broader investor appeal.
Current investment availability sits at around £4.1bn, according to CBRE.
With more pricing datapoints starting to emerge and rising demand, it is hoped
that the market will see an increase in stock levels over the course of 2025.
However, with around £20bn of equity targeting London, CBRE estimates an
imbalance between demand and supply.
Prime yields were unchanged in both the West End and City in 2024 at 4.0% and
5.75%, respectively.
VALUATION
· ERV growth of 4.3%
· Equivalent yield 5.73%, up 18bp in H1 and stable in H2
· Underlying capital values up 0.2% in 2024 - quality continues to
outperform
· Valuation recovery in H2 (+1.9%) on ERV growth and development
profits
The Group's investment portfolio was valued at £5.0bn as at 31 December 2024
compared to £4.9bn at the end of 2023. Supported by our on-site developments
and growth in reversion, the underlying portfolio valuation increased 1.9% in
H2, with capital value growth, before accounting adjustments, of 0.2% overall
in the year. This recovery follows a 10.6% decline in 2023. There was a
deficit for the year of £1.8m which, after accounting adjustments of £2.0m,
produced an overall increase of £0.2m.
Take-up in London was 4% higher compared to 2023 and returned to longer term
levels. In particular, demand remains strongest for modern, well-located,
high-quality space with good amenities. Including further pre-lets at our 25
Baker Street W1 development, we had another strong year for lettings, with
open-market leases signed on average 12.3% above December 2023 ERV. This fed
through to our EPRA rental values which were up 4.3% over the year, an
improvement on the 2.1% increase in 2023 and the strongest annual growth
figure since 2016.
Our portfolio EPRA true equivalent yield was stable in H2 at 5.73%, having
risen 18bp in H1. The EPRA initial yield was unchanged year on year at 4.3%
and after allowing for the expiry of rent-free periods and contractual
uplifts, rises to 5.2% on a 'topped-up' basis (December 2023: 5.2%).
The valuation of our central London properties, which represent 98% of the
portfolio, was flat with growth in the West End of 1.2% offsetting the City
Borders where values were down 3.4%. The latter was impacted by weaker rental
value growth and a slower leasing market. The balance of the portfolio, our
Scottish holdings, was up 11.6% driven by positive asset management and
leasing activity at Strathkelvin Retail Park.
Further progress was made at our two on-site West End developments, 25 Baker
Street W1 and Network W1. Valued at £597.2m, they represent 12% of the
portfolio (December 2023: 8%). After adjusting for capital expenditure, the
valuation uplift was 15.1%. The main drivers of this strong performance were
construction progress, completion of the office pre-letting campaign at 25
Baker Street at rents 16.5% above appraisal ERV, and the release of
development surpluses. 25 Baker Street is due to complete in H1 2025 with
Network to follow later in the year. On a combined basis, a further £100m of
capital expenditure is required. Excluding these two projects, the portfolio
valuation decreased by 1.5% on an underlying basis.
Our portfolio valuation increase of 0.2% outperformed the MSCI Quarterly Index
for Central London Offices which was down 2.6%. This was mainly due to the
strong valuation uplifts at our on-site developments. The wider UK All
Property Index increased by 0.4%.
Our portfolio falls into two main categories: core income and future
opportunities. The core income element comprises buildings which have
generally been upgraded into modern, amenity rich space. These properties
typically have a higher capital value per square foot and, as illustrated
below, remained more resilient. The future opportunities segment of the
portfolio are mostly our lower value properties which offer refurbishment or
redevelopment, often with the ability to add additional floor area.
Valuation movement by capital value banding
Capital value banding Weighting by value Capital value change
(£ psf)
(%)
(%)
≥£1,500 22 3.5
£1,000 - £1,499 21 (1.5)
<£1,000 45 (3.8)
Sub-total 88 (1.5)
On-site developments 12 15.1
Portfolio 100 0.2
Following two years of valuation declines, valuation yields stabilised during
H2 driving a total property return of 4.1% in 2024. This compares to the MSCI
Quarterly Index of 1.3% for Central London Offices and 5.5% for UK All
Property.
Further details on the progress of our projects are in the 'Development and
refurbishments' section below.
Portfolio reversion
Our contracted annualised cash rent roll as at 31 December 2024 was £204.3m,
a decrease of 1.1% over the last twelve months, which is principally due to
the disposal of Turnmill EC1. With a portfolio ERV of £320.5m there is
£116.2m of potential reversion, an increase of 12.7% compared to the £103.1m
at December 2023. The main components within this are:
· Contracted uplifts: £42.3m which is contracted through a
combination of rent-free expiries and fixed uplifts, the majority of which is
already straight-lined in the income statement under IFRS accounting
standards; our IFRS accounting rent roll at 31 December 2024 was £210.7m;
· On-site developments: £34.4m from two on-site developments at
the current ERV, of which £20.7m or 60% is pre-let, up from £15.6m or 47% a
year ago;
· Smaller projects: £12.8m of refurbishment projects (2023:
£7.5m). These spaces will generally be upgraded during 2025;
· EPRA vacancy: £8.4m of 'available to let' space. Since year end,
£3.4m of this space has been let or is under offer; and
· Reviews and expiries: £18.3m is from future reviews and expiries
less future fixed uplifts. This has increased substantially from the £7.1m at
December 2023, principally reflecting the acceleration in rental value growth
seen during the year.
LEASING AND ASSET MANAGEMENT
· £18.9m of new leases in 2024; 6.2% above December 2023 ERV
o 12.3% above ERV excluding short-term development lettings
o Includes £5.3m of pre-lets at 25 Baker Street W1 offices, now 100%
pre-let
o Further £1.2m has completed in H1 2025 to date, with £2.2m currently
under offer
· EPRA vacancy rate down 90bp through 2024 to 3.1%
Lettings
In 2024, we maintained positive momentum in our letting activity as occupiers
continued to prioritise quality buildings in well-connected London locations
for an office-centric workforce. In total, £18.9m of new leases were signed
covering 324,700 sq ft. Demand was more balanced when compared to the prior
year, reflective of a broader recovery across the market.
· Location: At 43%, the City Borders represented a greater proportion of
overall lettings against 2023. This was primarily driven by £3.3m of lettings
at The White Chapel Building E1 where occupancy increased from 60% to 77% in
the year and 87% including space under offer. Open market leases in the West
End and City Borders averaged 12.1% and 7.6% ahead of December 2023 ERV,
respectively (excluding pre-lets and short-term development-linked deals).
· Pre-lets: At 25 Baker Street W1, the office element is now fully
pre-let ahead of completion in H1 2025, with 2024 pre-lets of £5.3m signed at
a 27.2% premium to the appraisal ERV. Overall, non pre-lets accounted for 53%
of total lettings compared to 43% in 2023, demonstrating the enduring demand
for our high-quality buildings in the right locations.
· 'Furnished + Flexible': £4.5m of 'Furnished + Flexible'
transactions were agreed, with open market deals averaging 12.5% above
December 2023 ERV. This represents a 33% increase in letting volumes for these
smaller, fully-fitted units compared to 2023. We operate c.190,000 sq ft of
'Furnished + Flexible' units, with c.100,000 sq ft under review and expected
to be delivered in the coming years in accordance with occupier demand.
Since the start of 2025, we have agreed a further £1.2m of new leases and
there is £2.2m under offer. The latter includes the conditional agreement for
lease on the pavilion and lower ground floors at The White Chapel Building E1.
Leasing in 2024
Let Performance against
Dec 2023 ERV (%)
Area Income WAULT(1) Open market Overall(2)
'000 sq ft
£m pa
yrs
H1 2024 138.9 8.8 7.3 10.3 7.8
H2 2024 185.8 10.1 8.6 14.4 4.8
2024 324.7 18.9 8.0 12.3 6.2
Of which: F+F(3) 67.9 4.5 2.6 12.5 0.9
(1) Weighted average unexpired lease term (to break)
(2) Includes short-term lettings at properties earmarked for redevelopment
(3) 'Furnished + Flexible'
Leasing by type in 2024
Type Area Income Performance vs
Dec 2023 ERV
'000 sq ft £m pa
%
Pre-let 154.7 8.8 14.8
Non pre-let - open market 126.3 8.6 9.9
Principal lettings in 2024
Property Tenant Area Rent Total annual rent Lease term Lease break Rent-free equivalent
sq ft £ psf £m Years Year Months
H1 2024
25 Baker Street W1 Cushman & Wakefield 17,100 107.50 1.8 15 - 34
The White Chapel Building E1 Pay UK 27,000 52.50 1.4 10 5 22, plus 5 if no break
The White Chapel Building E1 PLP Architecture 22,300 50.00 1.1 10 - 24
The White Chapel Building E1 Breast Cancer Now 14,700 51.00 0.8 10 5 20, plus 10 if no break
The Featherstone Building EC1 incident.io(1) 6,900 86.70 0.6 2 - 1
Tea Building E1 Buttermilk(1) 7,300 66.50 0.5 4 3 2, plus 2 if no break
One Oxford Street W1 Starbucks 4,200 98.10 0.4 15 10 12
230 Blackfriars Road SE1 Hello! Magazine(1) 7,300 52.50 0.4 5.5 - 14
H2 2024
1-2 Stephen Street W1 Envy 19,200 61.00 1.2 15 10 24, plus 12 if no break
20 Farringdon Road EC1 Lumon Pay(1) 18,100 45.00 0.8 2.25 - 7.5
25 Baker Street W1 Sculptor Capital 7,200 107.50 0.8 10 5 12, plus 12 if no break
The Featherstone Building EC1 Wiz Cloud(1) 5,800 89.50 0.5 3 2 -
One Oxford Street W1 Kiko Milano 2,900 168.50 0.5 10 6 12
One Oxford Street W1 Aldo 2,700 169.70 0.5 10 6 14
Tea Building E1 Cleo AI 6,900 65.00 0.5 1 - -
Strathkelvin Retail Park, Scotland Home Bargains 35,100 13.00 0.5 15 - 12
230 Blackfriars Road SE1 Instant Offices 7,300 44.00 0.3 5.3 3 14
Strathkelvin Retail Park, Scotland Aldi 21,600 15.00 0.3 20 - 9
3-5 Rathbone Place W1 Saltus Partners(1) 3,900 88.00 0.3 5 3 1.5
Table excludes a confidential pre-let at 25 Baker Street W1 ( )
(1) Space leased on a 'Furnished + Flexible' basis
Asset management
As demand for Grade A space continues to outpace supply, we are engaged with a
number of occupiers already planning for lease breaks/expiries over the coming
years. Relocation costs are an important consideration for businesses
assessing occupational strategies in the current environment and we work
collaboratively with tenants to help them make informed decisions around their
office requirements.
At the start of 2024, 10% of passing rent was subject to break or expiry in
the year. After adjusting for disposals and space taken back for larger
schemes, 85% of income exposed to breaks and expiries was retained or re-let
by year end. This is in line with our 10-year average of 84%.
Overall, asset management activity in 2024 totalled £14.5m. Rent reviews were
settled on average 10.9% ahead of the previous rent, reflecting the
acceleration in rental growth. Excluding development-linked deals, rent
reviews, lease regears and renewals were agreed 4.1% above previous income and
4.5% ahead of December 2023 ERV.
The key transactions were:
· 25 Savile Row W1: three rent reviews (18,700 sq ft) settled on average
16.8% ahead of the previous rent, and 14.4% above the December 2023 ERV.
· 1-2 Stephen Street W1: as part of a wider asset management
transaction, we relocated Envy Post Production from Holden House W1 ahead of
its redevelopment to 1-2 Stephen Street (19,200 sq ft) at a rent of £1.2m pa
(£61 psf), 13.5% above the December 2023 ERV. This letting was for a 15-year
term with a break at year 10.
· Strathkelvin Retail Park, Scotland: as part of our upgrade plans to
future-proof the retail park and improve the public realm, several leasing
deals (including to Aldi and Home Bargains) were agreed and two rent reviews
were completed, with the latter on average 13.2% ahead of the previous rent.
In addition to a focus on capturing reversionary value through rent reviews
and lease renewals, our asset management team plays an important role in
aligning lease profiles to facilitate commencement of regeneration projects.
In 2024, there were 25 development-linked deals at buildings which form the
next phase of our pipeline, commencing from 2025 onwards.
Asset management in 2024
Number Area Previous rent New rent(1) Uplift New rent vs Dec 2023 ERV
'000 sq ft
£m pa
£m pa
%
%
All activity
Rent reviews 12 70.9 4.5 5.0 10.9 8.2
Lease renewals 48 212.3 5.3 5.1 -4.3 -3.1
Lease regears 13 81.2 4.5 4.4 -2.1 -2.0
Total 73 364.4 14.3 14.5 1.2 0.9
Activity excluding 50 Baker Street development facilitation activity
Lease renewals 25 185.2 4.2 4.2 -0.1 3.6
Lease regears 11 71.7 4.0 4.0 0.9 1.2
(1) Headline rent, shown prior to lease incentives.
The weighted average unexpired lease term (WAULT) to break across the
portfolio is 5.9 years, split 7.0 years in the West End and 3.8 years in the
City Borders. Our 'topped-up' WAULT (adjusted for pre-lets and rent-free
periods) is 6.8 years.
Vacancy
The EPRA vacancy rate decreased by 90bp through 2024 to 3.1% (December 2023:
4.0%) with an ERV of £8.4m. There is a further £9.7m of rent classified as
project space.
Rent and service charge collection
Rent and service charge collection rates remain high at 99% for the December
2024 quarter.
Property management
In 2024, in addition to operational management and customer service, a
particular focus of the property management team has been on driving
sustainability and net zero carbon initiatives.
Activities included a programme of enhanced metering to improve data
collection, continuous review of building services to ensure optimisation, and
investment in new technologies to support reductions in energy consumption. At
1-2 Stephen Street W1, the team is leading the M&E lifecycle replacement
project and the installation of air source heat pumps which forms part of our
journey to net zero. A programme of decarbonisation projects across the
portfolio has been developed to continue this work into 2025 and onwards.
Coupled with our Intelligent Buildings platform, we achieved a significant
decrease in energy consumption across the portfolio in 2024.
As well as further contract negotiations, the team continued to focus on costs
in the face of rising wages and inflation to minimise building service
charges. Use of new technologies, such as drones and robotics, has assisted in
reducing overall labour costs and is a continuing area of focus for 2025.
INVESTMENT AND REGENERATION
Developments
· £207m of project expenditure
· Two major projects on-site - 25 Baker Street W1 (298,000 sq ft)
and Network W1 (139,000 sq ft)
o 60% pre-let/sold
o 25 Baker Street offices 100% pre-let, 16.5% ahead of appraisal ERV
o Combined 6.1% yield on cost and 15% development profit
· Medium and longer term pipeline totals c.1.6m sq ft
o Additional programme of smaller refurbishments
Acquisitions and disposals
· Acquisition of remaining 50% stake in 50 Baker Street W1 for
£44.4m (£370 psf) before costs
· Total disposals £89.1m; major sale was Turnmill EC1 (Q2:
£76.6m; 4.9% yield)
In 2024, the London office investment market remained slow following a
challenging few years. Nonetheless, we remain disciplined in our capital
recycling strategy and anticipate selling more of our buildings over the
coming years as the market recovers and more attractive acquisition
opportunities emerge. Our approach to capital recycling has helped us maintain
a robust balance sheet throughout market volatility, ensuring we are
well-positioned as investment opportunities arise.
The Group's capital allocation decisions in 2024 were centred on its
development and refurbishment pipeline with £207m of capital expenditure
incurred in the year. Including on-site schemes, our regeneration pipeline
extends to c.2.0m sq ft across eight major projects which will be delivered
over the coming decade.
We remain committed to owning a portfolio balanced between core income
properties and those that offer future regeneration potential. At 31 December
2024, the portfolio was split 53% 'core income' and 47% 'future opportunity'.
This excludes Old Street Quarter EC1 where our conditional acquisition is
expected to complete from 2027 and which offers significant potential to
create a mixed-use campus.
We expect to maintain annual capital expenditure in the range of £150m to
£200m, with a rising contribution from rolling refurbishments.
Developments and refurbishments
Major on-site projects - 437,000 sq ft (60% pre-let/sold)
We continue to make good progress at both our on-site West End development
projects, 25 Baker Street W1 and Network W1, which together total 437,000 sq
ft. We currently expect a combined 15% development profit and 6.1% yield on
cost (6.9% yield on completion), which could rise to 6.3% if a similar ERV
beat is achieved on the remaining speculative space.
· 25 Baker Street W1 (298,000 sq ft) - our office-led scheme in
Marylebone is expected to complete later in H1 2025. It features 218,000 sq ft
of best-in-class offices, 28,000 sq ft of new destination retail surrounding a
central landscaped courtyard (which is being delivered for the freeholder, The
Portman Estate) and 52,000 sq ft of residential, of which 45,000 sq ft is
private. Reflecting the strength of occupier demand in the area, the offices
are now 100% pre-let at an average headline rent of £104 psf, a 16.5% premium
over the appraisal ERV. Additionally, the sale of the residential units is
progressing well, with contracts exchanged on 16 of the 41 private units for
£83.0m. This reflects an average capital value of £3,750 psf, substantially
ahead of the appraisal value.
· Network W1 (139,000 sq ft) - an office-led scheme in Fitzrovia,
targeted for completion in H2 2025, comprising 134,000 sq ft of adaptable
offices and 5,000 sq ft of retail. The façade is nearing completion and the
project remains on programme. We have adopted a number of circular economy
measures including the reconditioning and re-use of raised access flooring,
among others, helping reduce the embodied carbon intensity to c.530
kgCO(2)e/sqm. We are engaged with several potential occupiers across a range
of sectors and with a variety of requirements and are confident in the quality
of the space we are delivering against the backdrop of a constrained
development pipeline in the West End, especially in Fitzrovia.
Major on-site development pipeline
Project Total 25 Baker Street W1 Network W1
Completion H1 2025 H2 2025
Office (sq ft) 352,000 218,000 134,000
Residential (sq ft) 52,000 52,000 -
Retail (sq ft) 33,000 28,000 5,000
Total area (sq ft) 437,000 298,000 139,000
Est. future capex(1) (£m) 100 50 50
Total cost(2) (£m) 742 493 249
ERV (c.£ psf) 100 95
ERV (£m pa) 34.4 21.3(3) 13.1
Pre-let/sold area (sq ft) 262,200 262,200(4) -
Pre-let income (£m pa, net) 20.7 20.7 -
Embodied carbon intensity (kgCO(2)e/sqm)(5) c.600 c.530
Target BREEAM rating Outstanding(6) Outstanding
Target NABERS rating 4 Star or above(6) 4 Star or above
Green Finance Elected(6) Elected
(1) As at 31 December 2024. (2) Comprising book value at commencement, capex,
fees and notional interest on land, voids and other costs. 25 Baker Street W1
includes a profit share to freeholder, The Portman Estate. (3) Long leasehold,
net of 2.5% ground rent. (4) Includes five office pre-lets, 15
private residential units at year end (plus one further sale in early 2025),
the pre-sold affordable housing plus the courtyard retail and Gloucester Place
offices pre-sold to The Portman Estate. (5) Embodied carbon intensity estimate
as at mid-stage 5. (6) On main commercial building.
Future regeneration projects - Six schemes totalling c.1.6m sq ft
In addition to our on-site projects, our medium to longer term pipeline
extends to c.1.6m sq ft across six design-led, amenity rich projects.
Medium-term pipeline - all in the West End
· Holden House W1 (133,500 sq ft) - due to commence in H2 2025: we are
progressing our plans for this 'behind the façade' project with a higher
office weighting and improved sustainability credentials.
· 50 Baker Street W1 (c.240,000 sq ft) - expected to commence in H1
2026: in Q4 2024 we acquired Lazari Investments 50% stake in the joint venture
to take full control of the project. This leasehold property is located on The
Portman Estate and headlease regear negotiations are making positive progress.
Resolution to grant planning consent was secured in H2 2024.
· Greencoat & Gordon House SW1 (107,800 sq ft) - expected to
commence in H1 2026: originally a Victorian warehouse, we will
comprehensively refurbish the space celebrating its heritage architecture, for
delivery into a supply constrained market in 2028.
Long-term pipeline
· 20 Farringdon Road EC1 (166,300 sq ft) - due to commence in H1 2027:
a number of refurbishment options are being appraised following early-stage
design surveys. The project is expected to commence in 2027.
· Old Street Quarter EC1 (c.750,000 sq ft) - expected to commence
from 2028: Our £239m acquisition of this 2.5-acre island site is expected to
complete from 2027, conditional on delivery by the vendor of the new eye
hospital at St Pancras and subsequent vacant possession of the existing site.
Our studies suggest there is potential for a significant mixed-use campus
development, potentially incorporating both office and 'living' components.
· 230 Blackfriars Road SE1 (c.200,000 sq ft) - expected to commence
from 2030: our early appraisals show capacity for a substantial development of
this 1970s building, more than three times the existing floor area.
Rolling refurbishments
Rolling refurbishments comprise a greater proportion of our pipeline as we
upgrade our portfolio to meet the evolving needs of an increasingly selective
occupier base. These projects will provide the enhanced amenity occupiers are
prioritising and ensure compliance with evolving government EPC requirements,
as well as delivering attractive rental uplifts. Our project pipeline includes
1-2 Stephen Street W1, Middlesex House W1 and 1 Oliver's Yard EC1.
Acquisitions and disposals
Shortly before the end of the year, the Group acquired the remaining 50%
holding in 50 Baker Street W1 from its JV partner, Lazari Investments. The
consideration, before costs, was £44.4m or £370 psf.
Disposal activity in 2024 totalled £89.1m after costs with a further £25.7m
transacting just after year end. The two principal transactions were:
· Turnmill EC1 for £76.6m, a capital value of £1,100 psf; and
· 4 & 10 Pentonville Road N1 for £25.7m, a capital value of
£470 psf, to an owner-occupier. Contracts were exchanged in Q4 but the
disposal completed shortly after year end.
Principal activity in 2024
Property Date Area Total after Net yield Net rental income
sq ft
costs
%
£m pa
£m
Acquisitions
50 Baker Street W1 (50% share) Q4 61,000 47.0(1) 4.2 2.0
Disposals
Turnmill EC1 Q2 70,300 76.6 4.9 4.0
4 & 10 Pentonville Road N1 Q4(2) 54,800 25.7 - -
(1) £44.4m before costs. (2) Exchange of contracts only; completed in
January 2025
SUSTAINABILITY
· Energy intensity reduced by 8% to 137 kWh/sqm
· Forward purchase of c.114,000 carbon offsets for £34/tonne
· Good progress on delivery of Scottish solar park
· 69% of portfolio has EPC 'A' or 'B'
Reduction in energy intensity and operational carbon emissions
Energy consumption in 2024 reduced by 9% across the London managed portfolio
to 51.8m kWh (2023: 56.7m kWh). Consequently, energy intensity was 8% lower at
137 kWh/sqm (2023: 149 kWh/sqm), supporting ongoing progress towards our 2030
target of 90 kWh/sqm. Our operational carbon footprint reduced 14% in the year
to 12,357 tCO2e (2023: 14,370 tCO2e).
This successful reduction was achieved through continued collaboration between
our property management and sustainability teams, an ongoing programme of
occupier engagement as well as completion of several building upgrade
initiatives. These included installation of the first phase of air source heat
pumps at 1-2 Stephen Street W1, part of our portfolio decarbonisation
strategy, and retrofitting specialist equipment to boilers at six buildings
enhancing efficiency.
Self generating electricity - making progress with solar park delivery
Following receipt of planning consent in 2023 for a c.100 acre 18.4MW solar
park on our land in Scotland, delivery is now underway. On completion, the
electricity generated is expected to be in excess of 40% of our London managed
portfolio's usage, on an annualised basis.
Embodied carbon - reducing and offsetting our emissions
As part of our Net Zero Carbon pathway, we have set stretching targets to
reduce the embodied carbon footprint of our regeneration activity. New builds
completing from 2025 are targeting an embodied carbon intensity of ≤600
kgCO(2)e/sqm, which reduces to ≤500 kgCO(2)e/sqm from 2030. We have
committed to offset the residual embodied carbon using verified carbon removal
offset schemes.
In 2024, we revised our embodied carbon recognition policy for major projects
to spread emissions over the duration of the construction phase, with offsets
similarly phased to more closely align with the timing of emissions.
Previously, a project's emissions were recognised (and offset) in the year of
completion. We estimate annual embodied carbon emissions of c.15,000 tCO(2)e
over the coming years. As part of our strategic planning, in the year we
forward-purchased verified credits, on a phased basis, equivalent to c.114,000
tCO(2)e for a total amount of £3.9m or c.£34/tCO(2)e.
Significant progress was made towards decarbonising our regeneration activity
in 2024. First, we formalised our circular economy approach, establishing a
cross-business working group to identify materials and parts for re-use onsite
or elsewhere either across the managed portfolio or, working with a new third
party partner, elsewhere. Examples of circular economy in action across our
portfolio include the refurbishment and re-use of raised access flooring,
re-use of steel (where appropriate), use of cement replacements in concrete,
retention and re-use or recycling of MEP components, and re-use of glass.
Additionally, we created a developer-led cross-industry working group with the
objective of accelerating delivery of lower carbon concrete products to
market, by facilitating collaboration and information sharing across the
concrete supply chain from manufacturers to structural engineers, main
contractors and clients. Very positive feedback has been received following
the 'Accelerating Concrete-Decarbonisation Group' workshops held to date.
69% of our portfolio now rated EPC A or B
In 2021, we outlined a c.£100m phased programme of works to ensure compliance
with evolving EPC legislation (Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards, MEES), of
which £86m is remaining. As at December 2024, 69% of the portfolio was rated
A or B (including projects at 25 Baker Street W1 and Network W1) in line with
expected 2030 legislation, which compares to the wider London office market at
sub-30%. A further c.18% are rated C, taking our compliance with expected 2027
legislation (EPC C or above) to 87%. The remainder of the portfolio is rated D
or E, in line with current MEES requirements.
FINANCE REVIEW
Financial highlights
Dec 2024 Dec 2023
Total net assets £3,539.8m £3,508.8m
EPRA NTA per share 3,149p 3,129p
EPRA NDV per share 3,261p 3,243p
Property portfolio at fair value £5,041.1m £4,844.7m
Gross property and other income £276.9m £265.9m
Net rental income £189.6m £186.2m
IFRS profit/(loss) before tax £116.0m (£475.9m)
EPRA earnings per share (EPS) 106.5p 102.0p
Interim and final dividend per share 80.5p 79.5p
EPRA LTV ratio 29.9% 27.9%
NAV gearing 41.9% 38.7%
Net interest cover ratio 3.9x 4.1x
Net debt/EBITDA 9.3x 8.8x
Introduction
It was good to see Derwent London return to a positive total return in 2024
after two years of valuation declines. Property investment yields moved out
substantially in 2022 and 2023 but firmed in H1 2024 and hardly moved from
that point to the end of the year. This was supported by the strongest
growth we have seen in our rental values since 2016. Overall cost inflation
has also moderated in most respects.
As a result, our outlook for total returns over the next few years from our
well-designed and amenity-rich office space in many of London's best locations
is more positive than for some time.
In recent months, concerns over global politics, UK economic growth and the
government's funding deficit have grown, raising uncertainty levels and
elevating yields for government bonds. This is notable particularly at the
longer end of the curve though pressure has eased in the last few weeks. It
remains to be seen whether gilt pricing reads through to more widespread yield
adjustments. Long-term debt costs have been affected too and rose in Q4 2024
and into early 2025, just as UK base rates continue to fall. We will examine
our response to this in the 'debt and financing' section later on.
We continue to invest in our people, the green agenda, Intelligent Buildings,
amenity and governance, as well as the core asset management and development
business. Over the past few years, the cost of our platform has grown more
quickly than our rental income; cost control and efficiency are therefore
continuing areas of focus for us into 2025.
Over the last year, we believe we have again successfully balanced value
creation with relatively resilient recurring earnings and dividend growth.
Our high-quality product remains in demand and Derwent London's leverage is
comfortable. Looking into 2025 and beyond, while near-term refinancing will
bring higher interest costs, we see attractive total returns and will continue
to recycle capital as we gradually renew or refurbish our office portfolio.
We may also consider other use classes where we believe this provides stronger
returns.
Net asset values and total return for the year
Our property values increased in H2 2024 to reverse the first half decline of
1.7%. This helped bring Derwent London's IFRS net asset value to £3,540m at
the year end, a 0.9% increase over the year, from £3,509m at 31 December
2023. EPRA net tangible asset (NTA) value per share increased accordingly to
3,149p from 3,129p at 31 December 2023 and we delivered a positive total
return (ie EPRA NTA growth plus dividends per share) of 3.2%. In 2023, the
total return was -11.7% and, in 2022, -6.3%.
2024 2023
P P
Opening EPRA NTA 3,129 3,632
Revaluation movement (8) (516)
Profit on disposals 2 1
EPRA earnings 106 102
Ordinary dividends paid (80) (79)
Share of joint venture revaluation movement/impairment - (8)
Other - (3)
Closing EPRA NTA 3,149 3,129
EPRA Net Disposal Value (NDV), which takes account of the £137m positive fair
value impact of fixed rate debt and bonds over their book values, also
increased, rising to 3,261p per share against 3,243p per share as at 31
December 2023.
Property portfolio at fair value
The fair value of the wholly-owned property portfolio, which is externally
valued by Knight Frank, increased to £5.0bn at 31 December 2024 from £4.8bn
a year earlier. For accounting purposes, we make adjustments from fair value
to carrying value, the main ones being to recognise the rent-free incentives
through earnings on a straight-line basis, spreading letting costs over the
life of each lease and grossing up headlease liabilities. After these
adjustments, the total property fair value split across the various balance
sheet categories was as follows:
Dec 24 Dec 23
£m £m
Investment property 4,670.1 4,551.4
Non-current assets held for sale 25.7 -
Owner-occupied property 49.0 46.1
Trading property 115.7 60.0
Property carrying value 4,860.5 4,657.5
Accrued income (non-current) 173.6 173.9
Accrued income (current) 22.0 20.2
Unamortised direct letting costs (non-current) 14.4 14.5
Unamortised direct letting costs (current) 2.8 2.4
Grossing up of headlease liabilities (33.1) (33.6)
Revaluation of trading property 0.6 9.8
Other 0.3 -
Fair value of property portfolio 5,041.1 4,844.7
Fair value of properties held in joint venture (50%) - 33.8
Property acquisitions in 2024 totalled £47.0m including costs, related to the
acquisition of Lazari Investments Ltd's 50% interest in the 50 Baker Street W1
project in October 2024. This terminated our joint venture arrangement with
them and the remaining 50% share already owned by us was therefore transferred
at fair value of £44.4m from investments to wholly owned investment
property. At 31 December 2023, the carrying value of our joint venture
investments was £35.8m, the revaluation surplus in 2024 up to the transfer
date being due mainly to approval for a new larger scheme in August 2024.
The uplift in fair value on planning was largely offset by an increase of
£7.6m, including costs of £0.3m, in the deferred consideration due to the
vendor for the original acquisition. This amount was conditional on planning
and re-gearing of the headlease and so had previously been disclosed as a
contingent liability. We expect to pay the £7.3m deferred consideration in H1
2025.
Capital expenditure invested across the wholly-owned portfolio in 2024
totalled £182.2m (2023: £152.3m) plus capitalised interest and staff costs
of £12.9m (2023: £6.3m). Interest capitalised increased to £10.7m in 2024
(2023: £6.3m) as we are nearing completion of the major developments at 25
Baker Street W1 and Network W1; as a result, the cumulative costs upon which
interest is capitalised have increased significantly compared to 2023.
The carrying value of property disposals made in 2024 increased to £82.9m
from £64.0m in 2023 but remained lower than usual. Principal disposals during
the year were Turnmill EC1 in June and Asta House W1 in July. In addition, 4
& 10 Pentonville Road N1 exchanged in late 2024 and was therefore shown at
the year-end within 'assets held for sale' at £25.7m; the sale completed in
January 2025.
Owner-occupied property comprises our head office at 25 Savile Row W1. It is
included within 'property, plant and equipment' at £49.0m (2023: £46.1m)
together with £3.0m (2023: £3.8m) of leasehold improvements, furniture,
equipment and artwork.
Trading property at the year-end increased significantly to £115.7m from
£60.0m in 2023. This relates mainly to the 41 residential apartments which
are being built for sale at 100 George Street W1, part of our large 25 Baker
Street scheme. We have made further good sales progress through 2024 and have
now exchanged contracts on 16 units totalling £83.0m with completion due
later in the year. We anticipate that the apartment completion dates will be
spread between 2025 and 2026, with a smaller proportion in 2026. Note that
trading property disposals are not included within the definition of EPRA
earnings per share but will bolster IFRS earnings.
The accrued income through incentive periods at 31 December 2024 rose slightly
to £195.6m (2023: £194.1m), the non-current portion being £173.6m (2023:
£173.9m) and the current amount being £22.0m (2023: 20.2m).
Other balance sheet items
As noted last year, we are due to deliver certain retail elements at the 25
Baker Street project on completion to the freeholder at a pre-agreed price.
This is classified as 'trading stock' rather than property as we no longer
hold any interest in the related real estate. Amounts incurred to 31
December 2024 were £17.5m (2023: £8.9m).
Non-current receivables included the £173.6m of rent recognised in advance of
cash receipts (2023: £173.9m) referred to earlier. The remaining
non-current receivables were £14.4m (2023: £14.5m) of initial direct letting
fees and £13.0m (2023: £12.6m) of design and planning fees relating to the
Old Street Quarter EC1 scheme. We are due to acquire this substantial Old
Street site no earlier than 2027 once the vendor provides vacant possession.
At that point, these costs will be allocated and included within investment
property at fair value. We are working through various masterplanning options,
the outcome of which will influence the determination of fair value at the
point of acquisition.
Trade and other current receivables increased to £57.8m at 31 December 2024
(2023: £42.7m), mainly due to higher prepayments across a number of
categories, some of which will reverse relatively quickly in 2025.
Prepayments also include £1.8m of carbon credits, £1.7m of which were
acquired in 2024, plus £2.5m of costs incurred so far at the Lochfaulds solar
farm site. Other receivables also include £22.0m (2023: £20.2m) of rental
income accrued through incentive periods under IFRS 16 and classified as a
current asset and other amounts included £2.8m of deferred initial direct
letting fees.
Property and other income
Gross property and other income increased to £276.9m in the year ended 31
December 2024 from £265.9m in 2023. Gross rental income rose by 0.9% to
£214.8m from £212.8m and surrender premiums increased to £2.7m from £0.1m
in 2023 due mainly to the early surrender of leases at 4 & 10 Pentonville
Road in advance of the disposal of the building. The rental movements in 2024
were relatively balanced, £11.5m of additional rent coming from lettings and
regears in 2023 and 2024 while rents fell by £7.6m as a result of space being
vacated or taken back for refurbishments. Acquisitions and disposals also
reduced rental income by a net £1.9m.
Net rental income also increased, rising to £189.6m in 2024 from £186.2m in
2023. Irrecoverable service charge costs were £6.6m, the same in 2024 as in
2023 and, though other property costs have increased slightly from £17.4m in
2023 to £18.2m in 2024, impairments fell back from £2.6m to 0.4m over the
same periods. Adding back surrender premiums, dilapidation receipts, other
property income and management fees, net property and other income rose by
4.1% to £198.3m from £190.5m in the prior year.
The trading property sale proceeds of £3.7m (2023: £nil) came mainly from
Welby House SW1. As noted earlier, we have now exchanged contracts on 16
apartments totalling £83.0m (including car parking and storage) at 100 George
Street W1, part of the 25 Baker Street W1 project. As the sales complete
from mid-2025 onwards, proceeds and the related profits from this trading
activity will be recognised in the IFRS income statement as property trading
activity. Note that these results will not be included in EPRA earnings as
trading property income is excluded from the definition of EPRA earnings.
Irrecoverable service charges reduced in H1 2024 ending the year at £6.6m,
the same as in 2023. Capped service charges increased in H2 2024 due mainly
to EPC upgrade works at 1-2 Stephen Street W1. A more detailed breakdown of
service charge costs is set out below:
H1 2024 H2 2024 2024 H1 2023 H2 2023 2023
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Service charges
Voids 1.5 1.6 3.1 2.1 1.8 3.9
Inclusive service charge 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.5
Capped service charge 0.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.1 1.1
Balancing service charge & other 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.0 1.1
2.8 3.8 6.6 4.5 2.1 6.6
Other irrecoverable property expenditure also increased to £18.2m in 2024
from £17.4m in 2023. The increase was due to running costs at our occupier
lounges and other enhanced customer services where costs increased by £1.5m
from 2023. This followed the opening of DL/28 in late 2023 and other
improved catering facilities across the portfolio in early 2024. Note that the
associated income from letting rooms and selling food and drinks also
increased to £0.9m in 2024 (2023: £0.3m), split between rent and other
income.
A full breakdown of other property costs is as follows:
H1 2024 H2 2024 2024 H1 2023 H2 2023 2023
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Property costs
Legal and letting costs 2.1 2.0 4.1 2.2 2.4 4.6
Rates 2.0 1.7 3.7 1.1 1.7 2.8
Ground rent 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.2 1.1 2.3
Marketing costs 0.4 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.7
Lounges & customer service costs 1.2 1.7 2.9 0.3 1.1 1.4
Repairs 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.4 1.1
Other 2.0 2.3 4.3 2.1 1.4 3.5
9.3 8.9 18.2 8.6 8.8 17.4
Taken together, the irrecoverable service charge and property costs were
£24.8m in 2024, equivalent to 11.5% of gross rental income.
Rent collection has been very strong in 2024 and our impairment reviews saw
some previous amounts reversed while certain new provisions were made, mainly
for the smaller retail and hospitality tenants. The overall impairment
booked in 2024 was low at £0.2m for receivables. A further £0.2m of the
carrying value of prepaid costs at Old Street Quarter EC1 was impaired,
following a detailed review in accordance with IAS 36.
Administrative expenses and EPRA cost ratios
Administrative expenses increased by 5.1% in 2024 to £41.1m from £39.1m in
2023. Base salaries for staff increased by an average of 6% in 2024 and by
3% for directors. Total headcount also increased by two. In addition, with a
strong outperformance against our property return benchmarks in 2024, we have
increased the bonus provision by £2.2m compared to the prior year. £2.5m
of internal staff costs were capitalised for the first time in 2024 in
accordance with IAS 16.
Our EPRA cost ratios have declined very slightly in the year but remain an
area of focus. Including direct vacancy costs, the cost ratio fell from
27.3% in 2023 to 27.0% and, excluding direct vacancy costs, the ratio was
21.7% (2023: 22.3%).
Other income statement items
There was a small deficit of £2.7m on the wholly owned investment portfolio's
revaluation in 2024 but this was offset by a revaluation surplus on the
Group's owner occupied property at 25 Savile Row W1 of £2.9m. After
deferred tax of £0.6m, the net £2.3m passes through 'other comprehensive
income' in the statement of changes in equity. The overall movement is a
significant turnaround from the £581.5m deficit recognised in the income
statement in 2023 and the £87.2m deficit in H1 2024. The final revaluation
movement in the year was our 50% share of the 50 Baker Street joint venture.
This showed a surplus of £7.3m (2023: deficit of £9.2m) offset by £7.6m of
additional deferred consideration, inclusive of costs. This arose in
relation to the original 50% interest and was conditional on planning. All
these figures are stated after accounting adjustments.
The profit on disposal totalling £1.9m (2023: £1.2m) comprised £2.1m on the
£87.5m gross proceeds from the sales of Turnmill EC1 and Asta House W1 offset
by a £0.2m loss on the disposal of artwork.
Finance income fell to £0.3m from £0.9m in 2023. Net finance costs also
fell slightly to £39.9m from £40.4m in 2023. As noted earlier, the decrease
was due mainly to higher capitalised interest of £11.2m in 2024, £10.7m on
the wholly-owned property portfolio and £0.5m on current asset prepayments
and stock. Capitalised income in 2023 totalled £6.5m when the projects
under construction had lower cumulative development costs.
The Group's interest rate swaps saw a fair value loss on derivative financial
instruments of £2.3m in 2024 (2023: £2.1m loss).
Up to the point of transfer into the wholly owned property portfolio, our
joint venture with Lazari Investments Ltd at 50 Baker Street W1 showed an
overall profit of £1.5m.
IFRS profit before tax and EPRA earnings per share
The IFRS profit before tax, which includes fair value movements such as the
property revaluation passing through the income statement, was £116.0m
against a loss before tax of £475.9m in 2023. IFRS diluted earnings per
share were 102.9p (2023: -424.3p).
EPRA earnings per share, which adjust for the fair value movements and certain
other items, were 106.5p per share (2023: 102.0p). The main reason for the
improvement was the increase in net property and other income. A table
showing a reconciliation of the IFRS results to EPRA earnings per share is
included in note 26.
Like-for-like rental income
Like-for-like (LFL) gross rental income was up 2.6% over the year, LFL net
rental income was up 4.3% and LFL net property income, which takes account of
dilapidations and other property income, was up 5.9%.
Internal controls, assurance and the regulatory environment
Internal controls and business processes have remained areas of focus. We have
made good progress in developing digital workflows for a number of key
financial and non-financial processes and have appointed an implementation
partner to work with us on the detailed design of our new finance system. With
newer and more advanced technology now available, this should help us
streamline business processes and improve efficiency, all of which will have a
positive impact on the financial control environment. We anticipate that this
project will complete in late 2026.
We continue to obtain independent and external assurance in higher risk areas
from a range of providers. Consistent with last year, in addition to the
annual external audit, the principal ones are assurance over selected
sustainability, health and safety and green finance disclosures, service
charge audits, a twice-yearly external valuation and internal audits covering
a range of key business risks. We also obtained Cyber Essentials Plus
certification in 2024, which included independent verification of our cyber
security procedures.
We remain on-track to achieve compliance with the internal controls related
elements of the revised UK Corporate Governance Code for our financial year
commencing 1 January 2026. This will require the Board to include a
declaration in the annual report explaining how it has monitored and reviewed
the effectiveness of the internal control framework, and its conclusion as to
the effectiveness of material controls.
Taxation
The tax charge for the year ended 31 December 2024 was £0.1m (2023: £nil).
This arose from deferred tax movements which resulted in a net deferred tax
charge of £0.1m.
As in previous years, the majority of our income was exempt from corporation
tax as it is derived from a qualifying property rental business under the UK
REIT regime but £9.8m of withholding tax was paid to HMRC relating to
property income distributions (PIDs) (2023: £9.7m).
Derwent London's principles of good governance extend to a responsible
approach to tax. Derwent London has a low tolerance of tax risk and continues
to retain its low risk status which HMRC granted in the Business Risk Review
in July 2023. Our statement of tax principles is available on our website
www.derwentlondon.com/investors/governance/tax-principles
(http://www.derwentlondon.com/investors/governance/tax-principles) and is
approved by the Board in line with the Group's long-term values, culture and
strategy.
Borrowings, net debt and cash flow
Having acquired control of 50 Baker Street and with continued capital
investment across our high-quality portfolio combined with relatively low
property disposals, group borrowings increased to £1.46bn at 31 December 2024
from £1.34bn a year earlier. The increase came from drawings under bank
facilities but available cash and undrawn facilities have increased to £487m
at the December 2024 year-end from £480m a year earlier.
During the year, the £175m convertible bonds due in June 2025 were
reclassified as current liabilities, the other main current liability being
the £20m loan from Native Land in connection with the residential at 25 Baker
Street.
Taking account of leasehold liabilities, derivative financial instruments and
unrestricted cash, net debt also rose to £1.48bn at 31 December 2024 compared
with £1.36bn a year earlier.
This took the Group's EPRA loan-to-value ratio to 29.9% from 27.9% in December
2023 and 29.0% in June 2024. It continues to be one of the lower ratios in
the sector. Interest cover remained strong at 3.9 times but has fallen from
4.1 times in 2023 due to higher borrowings and a rise in our average interest
rate. Our debt covenant is 1.45 times. Net debt to EBITDA also increased a
little to 9.3 times from 8.8 times a year earlier and we anticipate that this
will move back to 9.0 or below during 2025.
A further £52.8m (2023: £24.7m) of cash was invested during 2024 in our
apartments for sale at 100 George Street W1 (held as trading properties) and
the related retail being passed to the freeholder (trading stock). As a
result and in accordance with IAS 7, cash generated from operations fell to
£102.6m in 2024 from £135.3m in 2023. The cash outflows into trading stock
and properties will cease in mid-2025 to be replaced by inflows from trading
property and stock disposals. Adjusting for this, the cash generated from
other continuing operations was much closer to prior years, at £155.4m in
2024 and £160.0m in 2023.
Debt and financing
Lending conditions improved again through 2024 and there was funding readily
available in all our core markets, whether bond issuance, convertible bonds,
private placements or bank facilities. Pricing for long-term debt has,
however, been unpredictable and we therefore opted to put in place three
facilities with our core UK relationship lending banks, all of whom have
provided very strong support, while we wait for longer-term debt pricing to
moderate.
At the start of 2024, three or four cuts in UK base rate were widely predicted
over the year ahead but, as a result of more persistent inflation, rates fell
less quickly than expected. As a reminder, having started rising from a low
of 0.1% in late 2021, the base rate peaked at 5.25% in August 2023. The
first 25bp base rate cut finally came in August 2024 with a second following
in November to take the year end rate to 4.75%. Another widely expected 25bp
cut was announced in February 2025.
Uncertainty over the longer-term rates outlook has been fuelled by stickier
inflation, geopolitical events and widespread elections, including the General
Election in the UK in July 2024. This has seen economic confidence vary over
recent months. When combined with a shift in government borrowing targets,
gilt yields rose significantly over Q4 2024 and into January 2025, before
moderating a little in the last few weeks. These effects were particularly
notable at the longer end of the curve, the 30-year gilt peaking at just over
5.4% in January.
At the same time, credit spreads in the bond market came down significantly in
the second half of 2024. For us, it is the all-in debt cost that dictates
our actions. The implied yields on our own 2031 unsecured bonds ranged from
just under 5.0% to 5.6% through 2024 and ended the year at 5.4%. The spread
on those bonds also varied significantly, from a high of 169bp in January 2024
to a low of 106bp at the year end. In January 2025, those spreads fell again
and have been hovering just below 100bp in 2025 to date.
The 12-year secured loan of £83m at 3.99% from Mass Mutual/Barings matured in
October 2024 and was repaid in full. As a result, the security was released
and increased our unencumbered assets by £240m. We opted to refinance in
June 2024 with a new £100m 3-year unsecured facility from NatWest and wait
for the cost of long-term fixed rate debt to moderate. On top of the 3-year
term, this new bank facility has two 1-year extension options and we applied
the £75m 1.36% interest rate swaps to this loan with the remaining £25m at
floating rates. This brought the current blended cost for this loan to
c.3.5% at year-end.
As long-term rates moved upwards in the last quarter of the year, our response
was to arrange a new £115m 2-year unsecured loan facility (£82.5m term and
£32.5m revolving) with Barclays which was signed in December 2024. It has
two 1-year extension options and flexible arrangement fees. This was
followed by a £115m 2-year unsecured loan facility (also with an £82.5m term
and £32.5m revolving portion) from HSBC in February 2025. This loan also
has flexible up-front fees plus a year's extension option.
The margins on all three bank facilities are competitive and, importantly, are
based off floating SONIA rates, which continue to fall, rather than the
gilt. There has been a notable increase in the gap between swap and gilt
rates over recent months; for example, at year-end, the 10-year gilt was 55bp
higher than the equivalent swap and the 20-year gilt was 82bp higher than its
equivalent swap rate. At the right time, we remain keen to lock into more
long-term fixed rate debt.
Looking forward, we have two sets of bonds due to mature over the next 14
months as well as £55m of US private placement notes. First, the £175m
convertible bonds fall due in June 2025 but, with the share price at a
substantial discount to net asset value, it is unlikely that we will put in
place further convertible debt for now. We like convertibles as a product in
a mixed debt portfolio but they need to offer both attractive pricing and
reasonable levels of dilution should they convert. The current bonds pay
cash interest at 1.5% pa but it is the IFRS rate of 2.3% which passes through
the income statement and impacts our earnings.
The second set of bonds maturing are the £175m secured LMS bonds in March
2026. These were arranged by London Merchant Securities in 2001 and pay a
fixed coupon of 6.5%, a level above current market. Should both sets of
bonds be refinanced at, say 5.25%, this would add c.£3m pa to our current
annual interest charges. Note also that our £75m of interest rate swaps at
1.36% expire in April 2025.
As a result of the higher proportion of floating rate borrowings after
repayment of the £83m 3.99% fixed rate loan in October, the weighted average
interest rate of Group borrowings on a cash basis increased to 3.42%. It was
3.17% in December 2023 and 3.15% in June 2024. The IFRS interest rate, which
makes adjustments in relation to the convertible and unsecured 2031 green
bonds, increased similarly to 3.53% at year-end (2023: 3.29%). At 31
December 2024, 80% (2023: 94%) of our debt was at fixed rates, 5% (2023: 4%)
was hedged by £75m of swaps maturing in April 2025, and the balance of 15%
(2023: 2%) was at floating rates. The weighted average maturity of our
borrowings was 4.0 years at 31 December 2024 (2023: 5.0 years).
Derwent London remains in a strong financial position, evidenced by Fitch
confirming an unchanged credit rating in May 2024 at BBB+ for the main issuer
default rating and A- for our senior unsecured debt rating, both with a stable
outlook.
Reporting under the Green Finance Framework
Derwent London's Green Finance Framework (the Framework) has been prepared in
line with the Loan Market Association (LMA) Green Loan Principles and
International Capital Market Association (ICMA) Green Bond Principles guidance
document, has been externally reviewed and a second party opinion (SPO)
obtained. The latest Framework and SPO are available on our website at
www.derwentlondon.com (http://www.derwentlondon.com) .
Out of our total debt facilities of £1.9bn, £650m satisfy our definition of
Green Financing Transactions (GFTs). The GFTs comprise the £350m Green Bond
issuance in 2021 and a £300m 'green' tranche included within our main
corporate £450m revolving credit facility which was arranged in 2019.
Together these are used to fund qualifying green expenditure.
In 2024, we appointed Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP to replace the previous
assurance provider and provide an independent reasonable assurance opinion on
our green finance metrics.
In accordance with the reporting requirements set out in the Framework, we are
disclosing the Eligible Green Projects (EGPs) that have benefitted from our
GFTs, and the allocation of drawn funds to each project.
The projects eligible for funds from the GFTs are as follows:
Green project 80 Charlotte Street W1 1 Soho Place W1 The Featherstone Building EC1 25 Baker Street W1 Network W1
Expected completion date Completed in 2020 Completed in 2022 Completed in 2022 2025 2025
Category for eligibility Green building, criterion 1 of section 3.1 of the Framework (excludes Asta Green building, criterion 1 of section 3.1 of the Framework Green building, criterion 1 of section 3.1 of the Framework Green building, criterion 1 and 2 of section 3.1 of the Framework (excludes Green building, criterion 1 of section 3.1 of the Framework
House and Charlotte Apartments)
retail and refurbished residential)
Impact reporting indicator Building certification achieved (system & rating) Building certification achieved (system & rating) Building certification achieved (system & rating) Building certification achieved (system & rating) Building certification achieved (system & rating)
Green credentials(1) Achieved: Achieved: Achieved: 25 Baker Street offices(2) Achieved:
BREEAM Excellent BREEAM Outstanding BREEAM Outstanding Achieved: BREEAM Outstanding (design stage)
EPC B EPC B EPC A BREEAM Outstanding (design stage)
LEED Gold LEED Gold LEED Platinum Expected:
Expected: BREEAM Outstanding (post-construction), on target
BREEAM Outstanding (post-construction), on target LEED Gold, on target
EPC A, on target EPC A, on target
LEED Gold, on target
30 Gloucester Place(2) offices
Achieved:
BREEAM Excellent (design stage)
Expected:
BREEAM Excellent (post-construction), on target
EPC B, on target
Private residential
Expected:
Home Quality Mark 4 Stars, on target
(1) Green EGP credentials disclosed in accordance with the Framework and the
Green Finance Basis of Reporting, available on our website and within the
Responsibility Report(.)
(2) The development includes 206,000 sq ft of offices at 25 Baker Street and
12,000 sq ft of offices at 30 Gloucester Place.
( )
( )
Qualifying 'green' expenditure
The qualifying expenditure as at 31 December 2024 for each project is set out
in the table below. This includes an element of 'look back' capital
expenditure on projects in which expenditure had been incurred prior to
management's approval of the project as an EGP. This also includes capital
expenditure on projects which had already been incurred as at October 2019,
when the Group's first GFT was executed.
Costs which form part of the initial project appraisal or which are associated
with delivering the project through to practical completion are included
within the eligible green expenditure of the project. Costs incurred
following completion are generally excluded unless specifically elected as
green projects.
80 Charlotte Street, 1 Soho Place, and The Featherstone Building are all
completed projects and are fully operational. 25 Baker Street and Network,
which commenced on site in 2021 and 2022 respectively, are both due to reach
practical completion in 2025.
Cumulative spend on each EGP as at the reporting date
Subsequent spend
Look back Q4 2019 - FY 2023 2024 Cumulative
spend £m Spend Spend
EGP £m £m £m
80 Charlotte Street W1 185.6 52.5 0.1 238.2
1 Soho Place W1 57.5 165.9 1.2 224.6
The Featherstone Building EC1 29.1 68.4 0.8 98.3
25 Baker Street W1 26.5 132.1 87.1 245.7
Network W1 23.8 12.7 34.7 71.2
322.5 431.6 123.9 878.0
The total qualifying expenditure incurred in 2024 was £123.9m and the
cumulative qualifying expenditure on the EGPs at 31 December 2024 was
£878.0m.
Drawn borrowings from GFTs as at 31 December 2024 were £437.0m, which
comprised the £350m Green Bonds and £87m drawn under the green tranche of
the RCF. Therefore, there was £213m undrawn under the £300m green tranche
of the RCF, all of which is available to fund future cash flow requirements of
the Group.
A requirement under the Framework and the facility agreement is for there to
be an excess of qualifying spend on EGPs over the amount of drawn borrowings
from all GFTs.
Dividend
Our dividend policy has been consistent for many years and aims for
progressive increases but to maintain a payout well-covered by EPRA
earnings. Our obligations to other stakeholders are also taken into account
and in addition we consider any other IFRS realised gains and losses which do
not form part of EPRA earnings. The board is recommending another 0.5p per
share increase in the final dividend to 55.5p. It will be paid in May 2025
with 45.5p as a PID and the balance of 10.0p as a conventional dividend. The
Company's ISIN reference is GB0002652740.
This will take the total dividend for the year to 80.5p, a 1.3% increase over
2023. Dividends paid and declared in relation to 2024 earnings were 1.3
times covered by EPRA earnings.
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
RISK MANAGEMENT AND INTERNAL CONTROLS
We have identified certain principal risks and uncertainties that could
prevent the Group from achieving its strategic objectives and have assessed
how these risks could best be mitigated, where possible, through a combination
of internal controls, risk management and the purchase of insurance cover.
As a predominantly London-based Group, we are particularly sensitive to
factors which impact upon central London's growth and demand for office space.
Sentiment at the start of 2024 was positive. Inflation was falling, UK GDP
forecasts were being revised upwards and long-term interest rates were
reducing. However, concerns around inflation and growth re-emerged towards the
end of the year and the longer term interest rate curve moved upwards. It is
not clear how long the current higher interest rate environment will persist
and therefore what impact it may have on property yields. However, the
favourable demand/supply imbalance for high quality office space supports a
more positive ERV performance.
The availability of financing for good quality covenants has generally
improved through 2024 but the cost of long-term debt has been volatile.
Lenders continue to favour existing relationship borrowers. During 2024, new
facilities have been established with NatWest and Barclays. A further facility
was put in place with HSBC in February 2025. We continue to review market
conditions for long-term fixed rate debt and engage with new and existing debt
providers.
Like many businesses, we are monitoring the potential impact heightened
geopolitical tensions could have on global supply chains, commodity price
inflation, market uncertainty and deglobalisation. Geopolitical instability
continues to be an emerging risk for the Group.
The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group in 2025 are set out on
the following pages with the potential impact and the mitigating actions and
controls in place. These risks are reviewed and updated on a regular basis and
were last formally assessed by the Board on 24 February 2025.
The Group's approach to the management and mitigation of these risks is
included in the 2024 Report Accounts. The Board has confirmed that its risk
appetite and key risk indicators remain appropriate.
Strategic risks
The Group's business model and/or strategy does not create the anticipated
shareholder value or fails to meet investors' and other stakeholders'
expectations.
Risk, effect and progression Controls and mitigation
1. Failure to implement the Group's strategy
The Group's success depends on implementing its strategy and responding · The Board maintains a formal schedule of matters which are
appropriately to internal and external factors including changing work reserved solely for its approval. These matters include decisions relating to
practices, occupational demand, economic and property cycles. the Group's strategy, capital structure, financing, any major property
acquisition or disposal, the risk appetite of the Group and the authorisation
of capital expenditure above the delegated authority limits.
· Frequent strategic and financial reviews. An annual strategic
review and budget is prepared for Board approval alongside two-year rolling
forecasts which are prepared during the year.
· The Credit Committee assesses and monitors the financial strength
of potential and existing occupiers. The Group's diverse and high quality
occupier base provides reasonable resilience against occupier default.
· Maintain income from properties until development commences and
have an ongoing strategy to extend income through lease renewals and regears.
Developments are derisked through pre-lets.
· Maintain sufficient headroom for all the key financial ratios and
covenants, with a particular focus on interest cover.
· Develop properties in central locations where there is good
potential for future demand, such as near the Elizabeth Line.
Financial risks
The main financial risk is that the Group becomes unable to meet its financial
obligations. The probability of this occurring is low due to our significant
covenant headroom, modest leverage and strong credit metrics. Financial risks
can arise from movements in the financial markets in which we operate and
inefficient management of capital resources.
Risk, effect and progression Controls and mitigation
2. Refinancing risks
The risk that the Group is unable to raise finance in a cost-effective manner · Early and frequent engagement with existing and quality potential
that optimises the capital structure of the Group. lenders to maintain long-term relationships.
· Preparation of five-year cash flow and annual budgets enable the
Group to raise finance in advance of requirements.
· The Group's financial position is reviewed at Executive Committee
and Board meetings with an update on leverage metrics and capital markets from
the CFO.
· Annual review with credit rating agency with whom we maintain a
dialogue.
· Regular updates with our advisers to understand debt market
trends. This includes looking at new forms of debt, considering whether
security should be offered and the appropriate term.
· Recycling of capital is a key assumption in our annual budget and
is updated in each rolling forecast.
3. Income decline
The risk that the Group's income declines due to external factors which are · The Credit Committee, chaired by the CEO or CFO, conducts
outside of its control, such as: macroeconomic factors; recession; demand for detailed reviews of all prospective occupiers and monitors the financial
office space; the 'grey' market in office space (i.e. occupier controlled strength of our existing occupiers.
vacant space); and occupier default or failure.
· The Group maintains a diverse range of occupiers. We focus on
letting our buildings to large and established businesses (headquarter spaces)
where the risk of default is lower, rather than SMEs.
· A 'tenants on watch' register is maintained and regularly
reviewed by the Executive Directors and the Board.
· Ongoing dialogue is maintained with occupiers to understand their
concerns, requirements and future plans.
· Active in-house rent collection, with regular reports to the
Executive Directors on day 1, 7, 14 and 21 of each rent collection cycle.
· The Group's loan-to-value ratio and high Interest Cover Ratio
reduces the likelihood that a fall in rental income has a significant impact
on our business continuity.
· Regular review of the lease expiry profile.
· Rent deposits are held where considered appropriate.
4. Fall in property values
The potential adverse impact of the economic and political environment on · The Group's mainly unsecured financing makes management of our
property yields has heightened the risk of a fall in property values. financial covenants more straightforward.
· The Group's loan-to-value ratio and high Interest Cover Ratio
reduces the likelihood that falls in property values have a significant impact
on our business continuity.
· The impact of valuation yield changes on the Group's financial
covenants and performance is monitored regularly and subjected to sensitivity
analysis to ensure that adequate headroom is preserved.
· The impact of valuation yield changes is considered when
potential projects are appraised.
· The Group produced a budget, five-year strategic review and three
rolling forecasts during the year which contain detailed sensitivity analyses,
including the effect of changes to valuation yields.
Operational risks
The Group suffers either a financial loss or adverse consequences due to
processes being inadequate or not operating correctly, human factors or other
external events.
Risk Controls and mitigation
5. Reduced development returns
Returns from the Group's developments may be adversely impacted due to: · We use known 'Tier 1' contractors with whom we have established
increased construction costs and interest rates; labour and material working relationships and regularly work with tried and tested
shortages; movement in valuation yields; contractor or subcontractor default; sub-contractors.
delays on delivery due to poor contractor performance; unexpected 'on-site'
issues; and adverse letting conditions. · Prior to construction beginning on site, we conduct thorough site
investigations and surveys to reduce the risk of unidentified issues,
including investigating the building's history and adjacent buildings/sites.
· Engagement with the Building Safety Regulator to mitigate time
required for Building Control approval.
· Adequately appraise investments, including through: (a) the
benchmarking of development costs; and (b) following a procurement process
that is properly designed (to minimise uncertainty around costs) and that
includes the use of highly regarded quantity surveyors.
· Contractors are paid promptly and are encouraged to pay
subcontractors promptly. Payments to contractors are in place to incentivise
the achievement of project timescales, with damages agreed in the event of
delay/cost overruns.
· Regular on-site supervision by a dedicated Project Manager who
monitors contractor performance and identifies problems at an early stage,
thereby enabling remedial action to be taken.
· Post-completion reviews are carried out for all major
developments to ensure that improvements to the Group's procedures are
identified, implemented and lessons learned.
6. Cyber-attack on our IT systems
The Group may be subject to a cyber attack that results in it being unable to · Our IT systems are protected by anti-virus software, 24/7/365
use its information threat hunting, security incident detection and response, security anomaly
detection and firewalls that are frequently updated.
systems and/or losing data.
· The Group's Business Continuity Plan and cyber security incident
response procedures are regularly reviewed and tested.
· Security measures are regularly reviewed by the DIT team.
· Independent internal and external penetration/ vulnerability
tests and audits are regularly conducted to assess the effectiveness of the
Group's security.
· Multi-Factor Authentication is in place for access to our
systems.
· The Group's data is regularly backed up and securely replicated
off-site.
· Frequent staff awareness and training programmes.
7. Cyber-attack on our buildings
The Group is exposed to cyber attacks on its properties which may result in · Our IT systems are protected by anti-virus software, 24/7/365
data breaches threat hunting, security incident detection and response, security anomaly
detection, a vulnerability management, security penetration testing and
or significant disruption to IT-enabled occupier firewalls that are frequently updated.
services. · Frequent staff awareness and training programmes. Building
Managers are included in any cyber security awareness training and phishing
simulations.
· The Group's cyber security incident response procedures are
regularly reviewed and tested.
· Physical segregation between the building's core IT
infrastructure and occupiers' corporate IT networks.
· Physical segregation of IT infrastructure between buildings
across the portfolio.
· Sophos Rapid Response team provides unlimited support to our
Cyber Incident Response Team in the event of a cyber attack.
8. Reputational Damage
The Group fails to respond appropriately, and · Our SBTi targets are aligned to a challenging 1.5°C climate
scenario in line with our net zero carbon ambition.
sufficiently, to climate-related risks or fails to
· We are progressing the construction of a 18.4 MW solar park at
benefit from the potential opportunities. Lochfaulds (Scotland), with delivery anticipated in 2026.
· The Board and Executive Directors receive regular updates and
presentations on environmental and sustainability performance and management
matters, as well as progress against our pathway to becoming net zero carbon
by 2030.
· Undertake periodic multi-scenario climate risk assessments
(physical and transition risks) to identify risks and agree mitigation plans.
· Production of an annual Responsibility Report with key data and
performance points which are internally reviewed and subject to external
assurance.
9. Health and safety (H&S)
A major incident occurs at a managed property · Relevant and effective health, safety and fire management
policies and procedures.
or development scheme which leads to
· The Group has a competent and qualified (CMIOSH) H&S team,
significant injuries, harm or fatal consequences. whose performance is monitored and reviewed by the CEO, and the H&S and
Risk Committees.
· The H&S competence of our main contractors and service
partners is verified by the H&S team prior to their appointment.
· Our main contractors must submit suitable Construction Phase
Plans, Site Management and Logistics Plans and Fire Management Plans, before
works commence.
· The H&S team, with the support of external appointments and
audits, ensures our Construction (Design and Management)(CDM) client duties
are executed and monitored on a monthly basis.
· The Board, Risk Committee and Executive Directors receive
frequent updates and presentations on key H&S matters, including
'Significant Incidents', legislation updates, and H&S performance trends
across the development and managed portfolio.
10. Non-compliance with law and regulations
The Group breaches any of the legislation that · The Board and Risk Committee receive regular reports prepared by
the Group's legal advisers identifying upcoming legislative/regulatory
forms the regulatory framework within which the changes. External advice is taken on any new legislation, if required.
Group operates. · Managing our properties to ensure they are compliant with the
Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) for Energy Performance Certificates
(EPCs).
· A Group whistleblowing system ('Speak-up') for staff is
maintained to report wrongdoing anonymously.
· Ongoing staff training and awareness programmes.
· Group policies and procedures dealing with all key legislation
are available on the Group's intranet.
· Quarterly review of our anti-bribery and corruption procedures by
the Risk Committee.
11. Change management systems
Projects fail to be implemented or do not deliver · Project scope and objectives are clearly defined, documented,
approved and communicated to all stakeholders.
the anticipated benefits due to: lack of clear scope and strategy;
underestimation of investment; lack of project management and · Before project approval, the costs of implementation is budgeted,
alongside the preparation of a detailed resource plan, to ensure adequate
governance; inadequate support from management; inadequate communication to contingency in case of unforeseen delays.
stakeholders; and neglecting the impact on stakeholders and importance of
change management. · Budget contingency is monitored throughout the project and
reported to the Executive Committee and Board/Committees, as required.
· For each project there is project management resource assigned
who are required to follow good governance and internal project management
processes.
· We provide clear and consistent communication about key projects
to the whole business, throughout the project, with support and leadership
from the executive team.
Financial instruments - risk management
The Group is exposed through its operations to the following financial risks:
• credit risk;
• market risk; and
• liquidity risk.
In common with all other businesses, the Group is exposed to risks that arise
from its use of financial instruments. The following describes the Group's
objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks and the methods
used to measure them. Further quantitative information in respect of these
risks is presented throughout these financial statements.
There have been no substantive changes in the Group's exposure to financial
instrument risks, its objectives, policies and processes for managing those
risks or the methods used to measure them from previous years. The Group's
EPRA loan-to-value ratio has increased to 29.9% as at 31 December 2024 but
remains moderate.
Principal financial instruments
The principal financial instruments used by the Group, from which financial
instrument risk arises, are trade receivables, accrued income arising from the
spreading of lease incentives, cash at bank, trade and other payables,
floating rate bank loans, fixed rate loans and private placement notes,
secured and unsecured bonds and interest rate swaps.
General objectives, policies and processes
The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group's risk
management objectives and policies and, whilst retaining ultimate
responsibility for them, it has delegated the authority to executive
management for designing and operating processes that ensure the effective
implementation of the objectives and policies.
The overall objective of the Board is to set policies that seek to reduce risk
as far as possible without unduly affecting the Group's flexibility and its
ability to maximise returns. Further details regarding these policies are set
out below:
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or
counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual
obligations. The Group is mainly exposed to credit risk from lease contracts
in relation to its property portfolio. It is Group policy to assess the credit
risk of new tenants before entering into such contracts. The Board has a
Credit Committee which assesses each new tenant before a new lease is signed.
The review includes the latest sets of financial statements, external ratings
when available and, in some cases, forecast information and bank or trade
references. The covenant strength of each tenant is determined based on this
review and, if appropriate, a deposit or a guarantee is obtained. The
Committee also reviews existing tenant covenants from time to time.
Impairment calculations have been carried out on trade receivables and lease
incentive receivables, applying IFRS 9 and IAS 36, respectively. In addition,
the Credit Committee has reviewed its register of tenants at higher risk,
particularly in the retail or hospitality sectors, those in administration or
CVA and the top 50 tenants by size with the remaining occupiers considered on
a sector by sector basis.
As the Group operates predominantly in central London, it is subject to some
geographical concentration risk. However, this is mitigated by the wide range
of tenants from a broad spectrum of business sectors.
Credit risk also arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks
and financial institutions. For banks and financial institutions, only
independently rated parties with a minimum rating of investment grade are
accepted. This risk is also reduced by the short periods that money is on
deposit at any one time.
The carrying amount of financial assets recorded in the financial statements
represents the Group's maximum exposure to credit risk without taking account
of the value of any collateral obtained.
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a
financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market prices. Market
risk arises for the Group from its use of variable interest bearing
instruments (interest rate risk).
The Group monitors its interest rate exposure on at least a quarterly basis.
Sensitivity analysis performed to ascertain the impact on profit or loss and
net assets of a 50 basis point shift in interest rates would result in an
increase of £1.1m (2023: £0.1m) or decrease of £1.1m (2023: £0.1m).
It is currently Group policy that generally between 60% and 85% of external
Group borrowings (excluding finance lease payables) are at fixed rates. Where
the Group wishes to vary the amount of external fixed rate debt it holds
(subject to it being generally between 60% and 85% of expected Group
borrowings, as noted above), the Group makes use of interest rate derivatives
to achieve the desired interest rate profile. Although the Board accepts that
this policy neither protects the Group entirely from the risk of paying rates
in excess of current market rates nor eliminates fully cash flow risk
associated with variability in interest payments, it considers that it
achieves an appropriate balance of exposure to these risks. At 31 December
2024, the proportion of fixed debt held by the Group was within this range at
85% (2023: 98%). During both 2024 and 2023, the Group's borrowings at variable
rate were denominated in sterling.
The Group manages its cash flow interest rate risk by using floating-to-fixed
interest rate swaps. When the Group raises long-term borrowings, it is
generally at fixed rates.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk arises from the Group's management of working capital and the
finance charges and principal repayments on its debt instruments. It is the
risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting its financial
obligations as they fall due.
The Group's policy is to ensure that it will always have sufficient headroom
in its loan facilities to allow it to meet its liabilities when they become
due. To achieve this aim, it seeks to maintain committed facilities to meet
the expected requirements. The Group also seeks to reduce liquidity risk by
fixing interest rates (and hence cash flows) on a portion of its long-term
borrowings. This is further explained in the 'market risk' section above.
Executive management receives rolling three-year projections of cash flow and
loan balances on a regular basis as part of the Group's forecasting processes.
At the balance sheet date, these projections indicated that the Group expected
to have sufficient liquid resources to meet its obligations under all
reasonably expected circumstances.
The Group's loan facilities and other borrowings are spread across a range of
banks and financial institutions so as to minimise any potential concentration
of risk. The liquidity risk of the Group is managed centrally by the finance
department.
Capital disclosures
The Group's capital comprises all components of equity (share capital, share
premium, other reserves and retained earnings).
The Group's objectives when maintaining capital are:
· to safeguard the entity's ability to continue as a going concern so
that it can continue to provide above average long-term returns for
shareholders; and
· to provide an above average annualised total return to
shareholders.
The Group sets the amount of capital it requires in proportion to risk. The
Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of
changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying
assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may
vary the amount of dividends paid to shareholders subject to the rules imposed
by its REIT status. It may also seek to redeem bonds, return capital to
shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt. Consistent with
others in its industry, the Group monitors capital on the basis of NAV gearing
and loan-to-value ratio. During 2024, the Group's strategy, which was
unchanged from 2023, was to maintain the NAV gearing below 80% in normal
circumstances. These two gearing ratios, as well as the net interest cover
ratio, are defined in the list of definitions at the end of this announcement
and are derived in note 27.
The Group is also required to ensure that it has sufficient property assets
which are not subject to fixed or floating charges or other encumbrances. Most
of the Group's debt is unsecured and, accordingly, there was £4.7bn (2023:
£4.2bn) of uncharged property as at 31 December 2024.
Directors' responsibilities
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Report and Accounts 2024 and
the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulation.
Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each
financial year. Under that law the Directors have prepared the Group financial
statements in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards
and the Company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards,
comprising FRS 101 "Reduced Disclosure Framework", and applicable law).
Under Company law, Directors must not approve the financial statements unless
they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs
of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that
period. In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are required to:
· select suitable accounting policies and then apply them
consistently;
· state whether applicable UK-adopted international accounting
standards have been followed for the Group financial statements and United
Kingdom Accounting Standards, comprising FRS 101 have been followed for the
Company financial statements, subject to any material departures disclosed and
explained in the financial statements;
· make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and
prudent; and
· prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group and Company will continue
in business.
The Directors are responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and
Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection
of fraud and other irregularities.
The Directors are also responsible for keeping adequate accounting records
that are sufficient to show and explain the Group's and Company's transactions
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of
the Group and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements
and the Directors' Remuneration report comply with the Companies Act 2006.
The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the
Company's website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation
and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other
jurisdictions.
On behalf of the Board
Paul M.
Williams
Damian M.A. Wisniewski
Chief Executive
Chief Financial Officer
26 February 2025
GROUP INCOME STATEMENT
2024 2023
Note £m £m
Gross property and other income 5 276.9 265.9
Net property and other income 5 198.3 190.5
Administrative expenses (41.1) (39.1)
Revaluation deficit 11 (2.7) (581.5)
Profit on disposal 6 1.9 1.2
Profit/(loss) from operations 156.4 (428.9)
Finance income 7 0.3 0.9
Finance costs 7 (39.9) (40.4)
Movement in fair value of derivative financial instruments (2.3) (2.1)
Financial derivative termination income 8 - 1.8
Share of results of joint ventures 9 1.5 (7.2)
Profit/(loss) before tax 116.0 (475.9)
Tax charge 10 (0.1) (0.5)
Profit/(loss) for the year 115.9 (476.4)
Basic earnings/(loss) per share 26 103.24p (424.25p)
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share 26 102.93p (424.25p)
GROUP STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
2024 2023
Note £m £m
Profit/(loss) for the year 115.9 (476.4)
Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension scheme (0.4) (0.7)
Revaluation surplus/(deficit) of owner-occupied property 11 2.9 (3.9)
Deferred tax (charge)/credit on revaluation 21 (0.6) 1.0
Other comprehensive income/(expense) that will not be reclassified to profit 1.9 (3.6)
or loss
Total comprehensive income/(expense) relating to the year 117.8 (480.0)
GROUP BALANCE SHEET
2024 2023
Note £m £m
Non-current assets
Investment property 11 4,670.1 4,551.4
Property, plant and equipment 12 52.0 49.9
Investments 14 - 35.8
Derivative financial instruments 19 - 2.9
Pension scheme surplus 1.8 2.0
Other receivables 15 201.0 201.0
4,924.9 4,843.0
Current assets
Trading property 11 115.7 60.0
Trading stock 13 17.5 8.9
Trade and other receivables 16 57.8 42.7
Corporation tax asset 0.4 0.4
Derivative financial instruments 19 0.6 -
Cash and cash equivalents 23 71.4 73.0
263.4 185.0
Non-current assets held for sale 17 25.7 -
Total assets 5,214.0 5,028.0
Current liabilities
Borrowings 19 194.1 102.9
Leasehold liabilities 19 0.4 0.4
Trade and other payables 18 174.7 148.0
Provisions 0.2 0.1
369.4 251.4
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings 19 1,269.4 1,233.2
Leasehold liabilities 19 34.2 34.2
Provisions 0.4 0.3
Deferred tax 21 0.8 0.1
1,304.8 1,267.8
Total liabilities 1,674.2 1,519.2
Total net assets 3,539.8 3,508.8
Equity
Share capital 5.6 5.6
Share premium 196.6 196.6
Other reserves 943.2 939.3
Retained earnings 2,394.4 2,367.3
Total equity 3,539.8 3,508.8
GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Attributable to equity shareholders
Share Share Other Retained Total
capital premium reserves earnings equity
£m £m £m £m £m
At 1 January 2024 5.6 196.6 939.3 2,367.3 3,508.8
Profit for the year - - - 115.9 115.9
Other comprehensive income/(expense) - - 2.3 (0.4) 1.9
Share-based payments - - 1.6 1.4 3.0
Dividends paid - - - (89.8) (89.8)
At 31 December 2024 5.6 196.6 943.2 2,394.4 3,539.8
Attributable to equity shareholders
Share Share Other Retained Total
capital premium reserves earnings equity
£m £m £m £m £m
At 1 January 2023 5.6 196.6 941.9 2,931.4 4,075.5
Loss for the year - - - (476.4) (476.4)
Other comprehensive expense - - (2.9) (0.7) (3.6)
Share-based payments - - 0.3 1.7 2.0
Dividends paid - - - (88.7) (88.7)
At 31 December 2023 5.6 196.6 939.3 2,367.3 3,508.8
GROUP CASH FLOW STATEMENT
2024 2023
Note £m £m
Operating activities
Cash generated from operations 20 102.6 135.3
Interest received 0.3 0.8
Interest and other finance costs paid (38.3) (38.1)
Distributions from joint ventures - 0.3
Tax paid in respect of operating activities - (1.3)
Net cash from operating activities 64.6 97.0
Investing activities
Acquisition of properties (47.0) (3.8)
Capital expenditure(1) (139.9) (151.5)
Disposal of investment properties 85.5 65.4
Repayment of joint venture loans - 0.6
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (1.6) (0.7)
Indirect taxes received/(paid) in respect of investing activities 1.1 (8.0)
Net cash used in investing activities (101.9) (98.0)
Financing activities
Net movement in revolving bank loans 26.5 84.0
Drawdown of term bank loans 182.5 -
Payment of loan arrangement fees (0.7) -
Proceeds from other loan - 0.3
Repayment of secured bank loan (83.0) -
Financial derivative termination income 8 - 1.8
Dividends paid 22 (89.6) (88.7)
Net cash from/(used) in financing activities 35.7 (2.6)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents in the year (1.6) (3.6)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 23 73.0 76.6
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 23 71.4 73.0
(1) Finance costs of £11.2m (2023: £6.5m) are included in capital
expenditure (see note 7).
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted
International Accounting Standards, (the "applicable framework"), and have
been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as
applicable to companies reporting under those standards. The financial
statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified
by the revaluation of investment properties, the revaluation of property,
plant and equipment, assets held for sale, pension scheme, and financial
assets and liabilities held at fair value through profit and loss.
These financial statements have been presented in Pounds Sterling, which is
the functional currency of the Group, to the nearest million.
Going concern
The Board continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these
consolidated financial statements. In considering this requirement, the
Directors have taken into account the following:
· The Group's latest rolling forecast for the next two years, in
particular the cash flows, borrowings and undrawn facilities, including the
'severe but plausible' downside case.
· The headroom under the Group's financial covenants.
· The risks included on the Group's risk register that could impact on
the Group's liquidity and solvency over the 12 months.
· The risks on the Group's risk register that could be a threat to
the Group's business model and capital adequacy.
The Directors have considered the relatively long-term and predictable nature
of the income receivable under the tenant leases, the Group's year-end
loan-to-value ratio for 2024 of 29.9%, the interest cover ratio of 387%, the
£487m total of undrawn facilities and cash and the fact that the average
maturity of borrowings was 4.0 years at 31 December 2024. The impact of the
current economic situation, interest rates and cost inflation on the business
and its occupiers has been considered. The likely impact of climate change has
been incorporated into the Group's forecasts which have also taken account of
a programme of EPC upgrades across the portfolio. Based on the year end
position, rental income would need to decline by 62% and property values would
need to fall by 50% before breaching its financial covenants.
The £175m unsecured convertible bond, which matures in June 2025, is a
current liability and therefore the Group is in a net current liabilities
position. However, the Group has significant liquidity to fund its ongoing
operations and, as noted above, has access to £487m of available undrawn
facilities and cash as at year end. In addition, a new £115m unsecured
term/revolving bank facility was signed in February 2025, which provides the
Directors with a reasonable expectation that the Group will be able to meet
these current liabilities as they fall due.
Having due regard to these matters and after making appropriate enquiries, the
Directors have reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to
continue in operational existence for a period of at least 12 months from the
date of signing of these consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the
Directors continue to adopt the going concern basis in their preparation.
2. Changes in accounting policies
The accounting policies used by the Group in these condensed financial
statements are consistent with those applied in the Group's financial
statements for the year to 31 December 2023, as amended to reflect the
adoption of new standards, amendments and interpretations which became
effective in the year as shown below.
New standards adopted during the year
The following standards, amendments and interpretations were effective for the
first time for the Group's current accounting period. They did not have any
material impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods and are not
expected to significantly affect the current or future periods.
IAS 1 (amended) - Classification of liabilities as current or non-current,
Non-current Liabilities with Covenants;
IAS 7 and IFRS 7 (amended) - Supplier Finance Arrangements;
IFRS 16 (amended) - Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback.
Standards in issue but not yet effective
The following standards, amendments and interpretations were in issue at the
date of approval of these financial statements but were not yet effective for
the current accounting period and have not been adopted early. Based on the
Group's current circumstances the Directors do not anticipate that their
adoption in future periods will have a material impact on the financial
statements of the Group, with the exception of IFRS 18 where the Directors are
assessing its potential impact.
IAS 21 (amended) - The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange rates;
IFRS 7 and IFRS 9 (amended) - Classification and Measurement of Financial
Instruments;
IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (amended) - Sale or Contribution of Assets between an
investor and its Associate or Joint Venture;
IFRS 18 - Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements';
IFRS 19 - Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures.
3. Significant judgments, key assumptions and estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with the applicable
framework requires the use of certain significant accounting estimates and
judgements. It also requires management to exercise judgement in the process
of applying the Group's accounting policies. Not all of these accounting
policies require management to make difficult, subjective or complex
judgements or estimates. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated
and are based on historical experience and other factors, including
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances. Although these estimates are based on management's best
knowledge of the amount, event or actions, actual results may differ from
those estimates. The following is intended to provide an understanding of
the policies that management consider critical because of the level of
complexity, judgement or estimation involved in their application and their
impact on these consolidated financial statements.
Significant judgements
Compliance with the real estate investment trust (REIT) taxation regime
As a REIT, the Group benefits from tax advantages. Income and chargeable gains
on the qualifying property rental business are exempt from corporation tax.
Income that does not qualify as property income within the REIT rules is
subject to corporation tax in the normal way. There are a number of tests that
are applied annually, and in relation to forecasts, to ensure the Group
remains well within the limits allowed within those tests.
The Group met all the criteria in 2024 in each case, thereby ensuring its REIT
status is maintained. The Directors intend that the Group should continue as a
REIT for the foreseeable future.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Property portfolio valuation
The Group uses the valuation carried out by external valuers as the fair value
of its property portfolio. The valuation considers a range of assumptions
including future rental income, investment yields, anticipated outgoings and
maintenance costs, future development expenditure and appropriate discount
rates. The external valuers also make reference to market evidence of
transaction prices for similar properties and take into account the impact of
climate change and related Environmental, Social and Governance
considerations. More information is provided in note 11.
Other areas of estimation
Impairment testing of trade receivables and other financial assets
Trade receivables and accrued rental income recognised in advance of receipt
are subject to impairment testing under IFRS 9 and IAS 36, respectively. This
accrued rental income arises due to the spreading of rent-free and reduced
rent periods, capital contributions and contracted rent uplifts in accordance
with IFRS 16 Leases.
Impairment testing of trade receivables and other financial assets is no
longer considered a key source of estimation uncertainty as the Group no
longer deems that the inherent uncertainty is likely to have a material impact
within the next 12 months. Accordingly, the associated sensitivities and
balances have not been disclosed.
Due to their size, the lease incentive receivables (non-current) of £173.6m
and lease incentive receivables (current) of £22.0m, net of impairments,
remain an area of estimation uncertainty for the Group.
4. Segmental information
IFRS 8 Operating Segments requires operating segments to be identified on the
basis of internal financial reports about components of the Group that are
regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision makers (which in the
Group's case are the four executive Directors who are assisted by the other 13
members of the Executive Committee) in order to allocate resources to the
segments and to assess their performance.
The internal financial reports received by the Group's Executive Committee
contain financial information at a Group level as a whole and there are no
reconciling items between the results contained in these reports and the
amounts reported in the financial statements. These internal financial reports
include IFRS figures but also report non-IFRS figures for the EPRA earnings
and net asset value. Reconciliations of each of these figures to their
statutory equivalents are detailed in note 26. Additionally, information is
provided to the Executive Committee showing gross property income and property
valuation by individual property. Therefore, for the purposes of IFRS 8,
each individual property is considered to be a separate operating segment in
that its performance is monitored individually.
The Group's property portfolio includes investment property, owner-occupied
property and trading property and comprised 95% office buildings(1) by value
at 31 December 2024 (2023: 96%). The Directors consider that these
individual properties have similar economic characteristics and therefore have
been aggregated into a single reportable segment. The remaining 5% (2023: 4%)
represented a mixture of retail, residential and light industrial properties,
as well as land, each of which is de minimis in its own right and below the
quantitative threshold in aggregate. Therefore, in the view of the
Directors, there is one reportable segment under the provisions of IFRS 8.
All of the Group's properties are based in the UK. No geographical grouping is
contained in any of the internal financial reports provided to the Group's
Executive Committee and, therefore, no geographical segmental analysis is
required by IFRS 8. However, geographical analysis is included in the tables
below to provide users with additional information regarding the areas
contained in the strategic report. The majority of the Group's properties
are located in London (West End central, West End borders/other and City
borders), with the remainder in Scotland (Provincial).
(1) Some office buildings have an ancillary element such as retail or
residential.
Gross property income
2024 2023
Office Office
buildings Other Total buildings Other Total
£m £m £m £m £m £m
West End central 126.9 2.2 129.1 123.7 1.7 125.4
West End borders/other 17.0 - 17.0 17.3 - 17.3
City borders 66.3 0.7 67.0 65.2 0.5 65.7
Provincial - 4.5 4.5 - 4.5 4.5
Gross property income
(excl. joint venture) 210.2 7.4 217.6 206.2 6.7 212.9
Share of joint venture gross
property income 1.9 - 1.9 2.2 - 2.2
212.1 7.4 219.5 208.4 6.7 215.1
A reconciliation of gross property income to gross property and other income
is given in note 5.
Property portfolio
2024 2023
Office Office
buildings Other Total buildings Other Total
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Carrying value
West End central 3,172.5 164.3 3,336.8 2,945.4 99.2 3,044.6
West End borders/other 288.8 - 288.8 302.3 - 302.3
City borders 1,136.5 6.1 1,142.6 1,228.8 6.7 1,235.5
Provincial - 92.3 92.3 - 75.1 75.1
Group (excl. joint venture) 4,597.8 262.7 4,860.5 4,476.5 181.0 4,657.5
Share of joint venture - - - 34.0 - 34.0
4,597.8 262.7 4,860.5 4,510.5 181.0 4,691.5
Fair value
West End central 3,307.7 165.4 3,473.1 3,068.1 109.5 3,177.6
West End borders/other 301.7 - 301.7 318.4 - 318.4
City borders 1,167.3 6.1 1,173.4 1,266.3 6.7 1,273.0
Provincial - 92.9 92.9 - 75.7 75.7
Group (excl. joint venture) 4,776.7 264.4 5,041.1 4,652.8 191.9 4,844.7
Share of joint venture - - - 33.8 - 33.8
4,776.7 264.4 5,041.1 4,686.6 191.9 4,878.5
A reconciliation between the fair value and carrying value of the portfolio is
set out in note 11.
5. Property and other income
2024 2023
£m £m
Gross rental income 214.8 212.8
Surrender premiums received 2.7 0.1
Other property income 0.1 -
Gross property income 217.6 212.9
Trading property sales proceeds(1) 3.7 -
Service charge income(1) 50.5 48.5
Other income(1) 5.1 4.5
Gross property and other income 276.9 265.9
Gross rental income 214.8 212.8
Movement in impairment of receivables (0.2) (2.0)
Movement in impairment of prepayments (0.2) (0.6)
Service charge income(1) 50.5 48.5
Service charge expenses (57.1) (55.1)
(6.6) (6.6)
Property costs (18.2) (17.4)
Net rental income 189.6 186.2
Trading property sales proceeds(1) 3.7 -
Trading property cost of sales (3.7) -
Profit on trading property disposals - -
Other property income 0.1 -
Other income(1) 5.1 4.5
Surrender premiums received 2.7 0.1
Dilapidation receipts 0.8 0.1
Write-down of trading property - (0.4)
Net property and other income 198.3 190.5
(1) In line with IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Group
recognised a total of £59.3m (2023: £53.0m) of other income, trading
property sales proceeds and service charge income within gross property and
other income.
Gross rental income includes £6.3m (2023: £5.9m) relating to rents
recognised in advance of cash receipts.
Other income relates to fees and commissions earned from tenants in relation
to the management of the Group's properties and was recognised in the Group
income statement in accordance with the delivery of services.
Property costs include amounts in relation to non-recoverable service charge
costs associated with vacant units during periods of refurbishment. These
amounts are not significant and were previously capitalised in the carrying
value of the property.
6. Profit on disposal
2024 2023
£m £m
Investment property
Gross disposal proceeds 87.5 66.3
Costs of disposal (0.7) (0.7)
Net disposal proceeds 86.8 65.6
Carrying value (79.3) (64.0)
Adjustment for lease costs and rents recognised in advance (5.4) (0.4)
Profit on disposal of investment property 2.1 1.2
Artwork
Gross disposal proceeds - -
Costs of disposal (0.2) -
Net disposal proceeds (0.2) -
Carrying value - -
Loss on disposal of artwork (0.2) -
Profit on disposal 1.9 1.2
Included within gross disposal proceeds for 2024 is £77.4m relating to the
disposal of the Group's freehold interest in Turnmill EC1 in June 2024, and
£8.5m relating to the disposal of the Group's freehold interest in Asta House
W1 in July 2024.
7. Finance income and finance costs
2024 2023
£m £m
Finance income
Net interest received on defined benefit pension scheme asset (0.1) (0.1)
Bank interest receivable (0.2) (0.8)
Finance income (0.3) (0.9)
Finance costs
Bank loans 6.1 1.1
Non-utilisation fees 1.9 2.2
Unsecured convertible bonds 4.0 3.9
Unsecured green bonds 6.7 6.7
Secured bonds 11.4 11.4
Unsecured private placement notes 15.6 15.6
Secured loan 2.7 3.3
Amortisation of issue and arrangement costs 2.6 2.6
Amortisation of the fair value of the secured bonds (1.6) (1.5)
Obligations under headleases 1.3 1.3
Other 0.4 0.3
Gross finance costs 51.1 46.9
Less: interest capitalised (11.2) (6.5)
Finance costs 39.9 40.4
Finance costs of £11.2m (2023: £6.5m) have been capitalised on development
projects including trading stock and trading properties, in accordance with
IAS 23 Borrowing Costs, using the Group's average cost of borrowings during
each quarter. Total finance costs paid to 31 December 2024 were £49.5m (2023:
£44.6m) of which £11.2m (2023: £6.5m) out of a total of £139.9m (2023:
£151.5m) was included in capital expenditure on the property portfolio in the
Group cash flow statement under investing activities.
8. Financial derivative termination income
The Group incurred no costs or income in the year to 31 December 2024 (2023:
income of £1.8m net receipts) deferring or terminating interest rate swaps.
9. Share of results of joint ventures
2024 2023
£m £m
Net property income 1.9 2.2
Administrative expenses (0.1) (0.2)
Revaluation surplus/(deficit) 7.3 (9.2)
9.1 (7.2)
Impairment of additional deferred consideration (7.6) -
1.5 (7.2)
The share of results of joint ventures for the year ended 31 December 2024
includes the Group's 50% share in the Derwent Lazari Baker Street Limited
Partnership up 31 October 2024, when the Group acquired the remaining interest
in the partnership. See note 14 for further details of the Group's joint
ventures.
10. Tax charge
2024 2023
£m £m
Corporation tax
UK corporation tax and income tax in respect of results for the year - -
Corporation tax charge - -
Deferred tax
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 0.1 0.5
Deferred tax charge 0.1 0.5
Tax charge 0.1 0.5
A deferred tax charge of £0.1m has passed through the Group income statement
(2023: charge of £0.5m). More information regarding deferred tax can be found
in note 21.
The main rate of corporation tax for 2024 was 25.0% (2023: 23.5%). The
difference between the main rate and the tax charge for the group are
explained below:
2024 2023
£m £m
Profit/(loss) before tax 116.0 (475.9)
Expected tax charge/(credit) based on the standard rate of
corporation tax in the UK of 25.00% (2023: 23.50%)(1) 29.0 (111.8)
Difference between tax and accounting profit on disposals (2.1) 6.1
REIT exempt income (23.7) (20.8)
Revaluation deficit attributable to REIT properties 1.2 131.7
Expenses and fair value adjustments not allowable for tax purposes 3.6 2.1
Capital allowances (8.2) (7.6)
Other differences 0.3 0.8
Tax charge 0.1 0.5
(1) Changes to the UK corporation tax rates were substantively enacted as part
of the Finance Bill 2021 (on 24 May 2021) and include increasing the main rate
to 25% effective on or after 1 April 2023. Deferred taxes at the balance sheet
date have been measured using the enacted tax rate and this is reflected in
these financial statements.
11. Property portfolio
Total Owner- Assets Total
investment occupied held for Trading property
Freehold Leasehold property property sale property portfolio
£m £m £m £m £m £m £m
Carrying value
At 1 January 2024 3,280.5 1,270.9 4,551.4 46.1 - 60.0 4,657.5
Acquisitions - 47.0 47.0 - - - 47.0
Capital expenditure 82.0 42.8 124.8 - - 57.3 182.1
Interest capitalisation and staff costs 3.4 7.5 10.9 - - 2.0 12.9
Additions 85.4 97.3 182.7 - - 59.3 242.0
Disposals (78.7) (0.6) (79.3) - - (3.6) (82.9)
Transfers from joint venture - 44.4 44.4 - - - 44.4
Transfers (25.7) - (25.7) - 25.7 - -
Revaluation (51.8) 49.1 (2.7) 2.9 - - 0.2
Movement in grossing up of
headlease liabilities - (0.7) (0.7) - - - (0.7)
At 31 December 2024 3,209.7 1,460.4 4,670.1 49.0 25.7 115.7 4,860.5
At 1 January 2023 3,700.5 1,301.5 5,002.0 50.0 54.2 39.4 5,145.6
Acquisitions 3.8 - 3.8 - - - 3.8
Capital expenditure 59.8 72.5 132.3 - - 20.0 152.3
Interest capitalisation 1.1 4.2 5.3 - - 1.0 6.3
Additions 64.7 76.7 141.4 - - 21.0 162.4
Disposals (7.3) (2.5) (9.8) - (54.2) - (64.0)
Revaluation (477.4) (104.1) (581.5) (3.9) - - (585.4)
Write-down of trading property - - - - - (0.4) (0.4)
Movement in grossing up of
headlease liabilities - (0.7) (0.7) - - - (0.7)
At 31 December 2023 3,280.5 1,270.9 4,551.4 46.1 - 60.0 4,657.5
Total Owner- Assets Total
investment occupied held for Trading property
Freehold Leasehold property property sale property portfolio
£m £m £m £m £m £m £m
Adjustments from fair value to carrying value
At 31 December 2024
Fair value 3,374.1 1,475.7 4,849.8 49.0 26.0 116.3 5,041.1
Selling costs relating to assets
held for sale - - - - (0.3) - (0.3)
Revaluation of trading property - - - - - (0.6) (0.6)
Lease incentives and costs
included in receivables (164.4) (48.4) (212.8) - - - (212.8)
Grossing up of headlease liabilities - 33.1 33.1 - - - 33.1
Carrying value 3,209.7 1,460.4 4,670.1 49.0 25.7 115.7 4,860.5
At 31 December 2023
Fair value 3,450.0 1,278.8 4,728.8 46.1 - 69.8 4,844.7
Revaluation of trading property - - - - - (9.8) (9.8)
Lease incentives and costs
included in receivables (169.5) (41.5) (211.0) - - - (211.0)
Grossing up of headlease liabilities - 33.6 33.6 - - - 33.6
Carrying value 3,280.5 1,270.9 4,551.4 46.1 - 60.0 4,657.5
Reconciliation of fair value
2024 2023
£m £m
Portfolio including the Group's share of joint ventures 5,041.1 4,878.5
Less: joint ventures - (33.8)
IFRS property portfolio 5,041.1 4,844.7
The property portfolio is subject to semi-annual external valuations and was
revalued at 31 December 2024 by external valuers on the basis of fair value in
accordance with The RICS Valuation - Professional Standards, which takes
account of the properties' highest and best use. When considering the highest
and best use of a property, the external valuers will consider its existing
and potential uses which are physically, legally and financially viable.
Where the highest and best use differs from the existing use, the external
valuers will consider the costs and the likelihood of achieving and
implementing this change in arriving at the property valuation. There were no
such instances in the year.
The valuation reports produced by the external valuers are based on
information provided by the Group such as current rents, terms and conditions
of lease agreements, service charges and capital expenditure. This information
is derived from the Group's financial and property management systems and is
subject to the Group's overall control environment. In addition, the valuation
reports are based on assumptions and valuation models used by the external
valuers. The assumptions are typically market related, such as yields and
discount rates, and are based on their professional judgement and market
observation and take into account the impact of climate change and related
Environmental, Social and Governance considerations. Each property is
considered a separate asset class based on the unique nature, characteristics
and risks of the property.
The external valuations for the portfolio at December 2024 were carried out by
Knight Frank LLP.
Knight Frank valued properties at £5,041.1m (2023: £4,807.9m) and other
valuers at £nil (2023: £36.8m), giving a combined value of £5,041.1m (2023:
£4,844.7m). Of the properties revalued, £49.0m (2023: £46.1m) relating to
owner-occupied property was included within property, plant and equipment and
£116.3m (2023: £69.8m) was in relation to trading property.
The total fees, including the fee for this assignment, earned by Knight Frank
(or other companies forming part of the same group of companies within the UK)
from the Group is less than 5.0% of their total UK revenues.
In October 2024, the Group acquired the remaining 50% interest of the Derwent
Lazari Baker Street Partnership (the 'joint venture') from Lazari Investments
Limited ('Lazari') for £47.0m. The joint venture held an interest in three
leasehold properties, 38-52, 54-60 and 66-70 Baker Street W1. The fair value
of the properties at the date of acquisition was £88.8m. The £47.0m included
in 'acquisitions' (see table above) comprises £44.4m for the fair value of
Lazari's 50% share in the properties, £2.2m in acquisition costs, and £0.4m
in carrying value adjustments for the gross-up of headlease liabilities.
Following the acquisition, the Group's 50% interest in the joint venture shown
as a £44.4m 'transfer from investments' in the table above, has been
consolidated in the Group's property portfolio. See note 14 for further
details.
Certain internal staff and associated costs directly attributable to the
management of major schemes are capitalised, based on the proportion of time
spent on each relevant scheme. These costs are capitalised from the date the
Group determines it is probable that the development will progress until the
date of practical completion and can be measured reliably.
Net zero carbon and EPC compliance
The Group published its pathway to net zero carbon in July 2020 and has set
2030 as its target date to achieve this. £123.9m (year to 31 December 2023:
£102.4m) of eligible 'green' capital expenditure, in accordance with the
Group's Green Finance Framework, was incurred in the year to 31 December 2024
on the major developments at 80 Charlotte Street W1, 1 Soho Place W1, The
Featherstone Building EC1, 25 Baker Street W1 and Network W1. In addition, the
Group continues to hold carbon credits to support certain externally validated
green projects to offset embodied carbon. In addition, the Group continues to
utilise carbon credits to support certain externally validated green projects
to offset embodied carbon. During the year, the Group paid £1.7m for carbon
credits and holds £1.8m in prepayments at year end.
To quantify one of the impacts of climate change on the valuation, an
independent third-party assessment was carried out in 2021 to estimate the
cost of EPC upgrades across the portfolio. Following a review of the latest
scope changes in building regulation, subsequent inflation, disposals, and
work carried out to date, the estimated amount was £86m at 31 December 2024.
Of this amount, a specific deduction of £41m was included in the 31 December
2024 external valuation. In addition, further amounts have been allowed for in
the expected costs of future refurbishment projects.
Reconciliation of revaluation surplus/(deficit)
2024 2023
£m £m
Total revaluation deficit (1.8) (583.3)
Less:
Share of joint ventures - 9.3
Lease incentives and costs (7.2) (5.8)
Assets held for sale selling costs (0.3) -
Trading property revaluation adjustment 9.1 (5.2)
Other 0.4 (0.8)
IFRS revaluation surplus/(deficit) 0.2 (585.8)
Reported in the:
Revaluation deficit (2.7) (581.5)
Write-down of trading property - (0.4)
Group income statement (2.7) (581.9)
Group statement of comprehensive income 2.9 (3.9)
0.2 (585.8)
Historical cost
2024 2023
£m £m
Investment property 3,746.4 3,602.6
Owner-occupied property 19.6 19.6
Assets held for sale 28.8 -
Trading property 132.9 81.8
Total property portfolio 3,927.7 3,704.0
Sensitivity of measurement to variations in the significant unobservable
inputs
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement
categorised within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy of the Group's property
portfolio, together with the impact of significant movements in these inputs
on the fair value measurement, are shown below:
Impact on fair value measurement Impact on fair value measurement
Unobservable input of significant increase in input of significant decrease in input
Gross ERV Increase Decrease
Net initial yield Decrease Increase
Reversionary yield Decrease Increase
True equivalent yield Decrease Increase
There are inter-relationships between these inputs as they are partially
determined by market conditions. An increase in the reversionary yield may
accompany an increase in gross ERV and would mitigate its impact on the fair
value measurement.
A sensitivity analysis has been performed to ascertain the impact of a 25
basis point shift in true equivalent yield and a £2.50 per sq ft shift in ERV
on the property valuations. The Group believes this captures the range of
variations in these key valuation assumptions. The results are shown in the
tables below:
West End West End City Provincial
At 31 December 2024 central(1) borders/other borders commercial Total
True equivalent yield
+25bp (4.5%) (3.5%) (3.8%) (3.4%) (4.2%)
-25bp 5.0% 3.8% 4.1% 3.6% 4.6%
ERV
+£2.50 psf 3.6% 4.8% 4.4% 14.8% 4.1%
-£2.50 psf (3.6%) (4.8%) (4.4%) (14.8%) (4.1%)
At 31 December 2023
True equivalent yield
+25bp (4.7%) (3.7%) (3.9%) (2.3%) (4.3%)
-25bp 5.2% 4.0% 4.3% 2.4% 4.7%
ERV
+£2.50 psf 3.8% 4.8% 4.6% 18.8% 4.3%
-£2.50 psf (3.8%) (4.8%) (4.6%) (18.8%) (4.3%)
(1) Includes the Group's share of joint ventures.
12. Property, plant and equipment
Owner-
occupied
property Artwork Other Total
£m £m £m £m
At 1 January 2024 46.1 0.8 3.0 49.9
Additions - - 0.3 0.3
Depreciation - - (1.0) (1.0)
Revaluation 2.9 (0.1) - 2.8
At 31 December 2024 49.0 0.7 2.3 52.0
At 1 January 2023 50.0 0.8 3.5 54.3
Additions - - 0.6 0.6
Depreciation - - (1.1) (1.1)
Revaluation (3.9) - - (3.9)
At 31 December 2023 46.1 0.8 3.0 49.9
Net book value
Cost or valuation 49.0 0.7 8.7 58.4
Accumulated depreciation - - (6.4) (6.4)
At 31 December 2024 49.0 0.7 2.3 52.0
Net book value
Cost or valuation 46.1 0.8 8.4 55.3
Accumulated depreciation - - (5.4) (5.4)
At 31 December 2023 46.1 0.8 3.0 49.9
The artwork is periodically valued by Bonhams on the basis of fair value using
their extensive market knowledge. The latest valuation was carried out in
December 2024. In accordance with IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement, the artwork
is deemed to be classified as Level 3.
The historical cost of the artwork in the Group at 31 December 2024 was £0.9m
(2023: £0.9m). See note 11 for the historical cost of owner-occupied
property.
13. Trading stock
2024 2023
£m £m
Trading stock 17.5 8.9
Trading stock relates to capitalised development expenditure incurred which is
due to be transferred under development agreements to a third party upon
completion. This has been included in trading stock, as opposed to trading
property, as the Group does not have an ownership interest in the property.
14. Investments
At 31 December 2024 the Group had a 50% interest in two (2023: four) joint
venture vehicles, Dorrington Derwent Holdings Limited and Primister Limited.
In October 2024, the Group acquired the remaining 50% interest of the Derwent
Lazari Baker Street Partnership from Lazari Investments Limited, this was
accounted for as an asset acquisition. This resulted in full ownership of the
assets and liabilities of the partnership.
As part of the acquisition of the Group's initial 50% interest in the Derwent
Lazari Baker Street Partnership in 2021, additional deferred consideration of
£7.3m was agreed, subject to certain conditions being satisfied in relation
to planning and regearing of the headlease. This has previously been disclosed
as a contingent liability as the conditions had not been met and the outcome
was uncertain.
In August 2024, resolution to grant planning was received and, as a result,
this amount is now being accrued for as deferred consideration, along with
fees of £0.3m (total £7.6m). This was recognised as an addition to the
Group's investment in the joint venture, with settlement expected in 2025.
Following the acquisition of the remaining 50%, the initial 50% interest held
by the Group was transferred from investments at fair value of £44.4m to
investment property (see note 11) and the remaining assets and liabilities of
£0.5m have been consolidated in the Group's balance sheet. The £7.6m
deferred consideration was impaired as it does not form part of the fair value
of the properties being transferred.
2024 2023
£m £m
At 1 January 35.8 43.9
Deferred consideration and fees on initial formation of joint venture 7.6 -
Revaluation surplus/(deficit) 7.3 (9.2)
Other profit from operations 1.8 2.0
Transfer to investment property (see note 11) (44.4) -
Transfer to assets and liabilities (0.5) -
Impairment of additional deferred consideration (7.6) -
Repayment of joint venture loans - (0.6)
Distributions received - (0.3)
At 31 December - 35.8
The Group's share of its investments in joint ventures is represented by the
following amounts in the underlying joint venture entities.
2024 2023
Joint ventures Group share Joint ventures Group share
£m £m £m £m
Non-current assets - - 67.9 33.9
Current assets - - 7.2 3.6
Current liabilities - - (2.8) (1.4)
Non-current liabilities - - (121.0) (60.5)
Net liabilities - - (48.7) (24.4)
Loans provided to joint ventures - 60.2
Total investment in underlying joint ventures - 35.8
Net property income 3.8 1.9 4.4 2.2
Administrative expenses (0.3) (0.1) (0.4) (0.2)
Revaluation surplus/(deficit) 14.6 7.3 (18.4) (9.2)
Share of results of underlying joint ventures 18.1 9.1 (14.4) (7.2)
Impairment of additional deferred consideration (7.6) -
Group share of results of joint ventures 1.5 (7.2)
15. Other receivables (non-current)
2024 2023
£m £m
Rents recognised in advance 173.6 173.9
Initial direct letting costs 14.4 14.5
Prepayments 13.0 12.6
201.0 201.0
Other receivables includes £173.6m (2023: £173.9m) after impairments
relating to rents recognised in advance as a result of spreading tenant lease
incentives over the expected terms of their respective leases. This includes
rent free and reduced rent periods, capital contributions in lieu of rent free
periods and contracted rent uplifts. In addition, £14.4m (2023: £14.5m)
relates to the spreading effect of the initial direct costs of letting over
the same term. Together with £24.8m (2023: £22.6m), which was included as
accrued income within trade and other receivables (see note 16), these amounts
totalled £212.8m at 31 December 2024 (2023: £211.0m).
Prepayments represent £13.0m (2023: £12.6m) of costs incurred in relation to
Old Street Quarter EC1, stated net of a £0.8m (2023: £0.6m) impairment in
accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. In May 2022, the Group entered
into a conditional contract to acquire the freehold of Old Street Quarter
island site. The site is being sold by Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation
Trust and UCL, together the Oriel joint initiative ("Oriel"). Completion is
subject to delivery by Oriel of a new hospital at St Pancras and subsequent
vacant possession of the site, which is anticipated no earlier than 2027.
The total movement in tenant lease incentives is shown below:
2024 2023
£m £m
At 1 January 194.1 188.8
Amounts taken to income statement 6.3 5.9
Movement in lease incentive impairment 0.3 0.5
Disposal of investment properties (4.9) (0.3)
Write off to bad debt (0.2) (0.8)
195.6 194.1
Amounts included in trade and other receivables (see note 16) (22.0) (20.2)
At 31 December 173.6 173.9
16. Trade and other receivables
2024 2023
£m £m
Trade receivables 13.3 10.4
Other receivables 3.2 2.0
Prepayments 15.4 6.9
Accrued income
Rents recognised in advance 22.0 20.2
Initial direct letting costs 2.8 2.4
Other 1.1 0.8
57.8 42.7
Trade receivables are split as follows:
2024 2023
£m £m
less than three months due 12.9 10.3
between three and six months due 0.2 0.1
between six and twelve months due 0.2 -
13.3 10.4
Trade receivables are stated net of impairment.
In response to the Group's climate change agenda, costs of £2.5m (2023:
£1.1m) were incurred in relation to a c.100 acre, 18.4MW solar park on its
Scottish land and have been included within prepayments. Resolution to grant
planning consent for this project was received in 2022. Additionally, during
2024 the Group paid £1.7m for carbon credits, bringing the total included in
prepayments to £1.8m.
The Group has £4.6m (2023: £4.6m) of provision for bad debts as shown below.
£2.4m (2023: £1.9m) is included in trade receivables, £0.4m (2023: £0.5m)
in accrued income and £1.8m (2023: £2.2m) in prepayments and accrued income
within other receivables (non-current) (note 15).
Provision for bad debts
2024 2023
£m £m
At 1 January 4.6 5.0
Trade receivables provision 0.7 0.5
Lease incentive provision (0.4) -
Service charge provision (0.2) 0.7
Released (0.1) (1.6)
At 31 December 4.6 4.6
The provision for bad debts are split as follows:
2024 2023
£m £m
less than three months due 0.9 0.7
between three and six months due 0.5 0.3
between six and twelve months due 0.5 0.8
over twelve months due 2.7 2.8
4.6 4.6
17. Non-current assets held for sale
2024 2023
£m £m
Transferred from investment properties (see note 11) 25.7 -
In October 2024, the Group exchanged contracts for the disposal of its
freehold interest in 4 & 10 Pentonville Road N1. The property was valued
at £26.0m as at 31 December 2024. In accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current
Assets Held for Sale, this property was recognised as a non-current asset held
for sale and, after deducting selling costs of £0.3m, the carrying value was
£25.7m (see note 11). The transaction completed in January 2025 for £26.0m
before costs.
18. Trade and other payables
2024 2023
£m £m
Trade payables 0.6 0.7
Other payables 3.6 3.6
Other taxes 7.3 3.3
Accruals 57.2 30.5
Deferred income 50.0 50.8
Tenant rent deposits 27.9 27.0
Service charge balances 28.1 32.1
174.7 148.0
Deferred income primarily relates to rents received in advance.
19. Net debt and derivative financial instruments
2024 2023
Book Fair Book Fair
value value value value
£m £m £m £m
Current liabilities
Other loans 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0
3.99% secured loan 2024 - - 82.9 81.8
1.5% unsecured convertible bonds 2025 174.1 171.6 - -
194.1 191.6 102.9 101.8
Non-current liabilities
1.5% unsecured convertible bonds 2025 - - 172.1 164.7
6.5% secured bonds 2026 178.1 176.7 179.6 178.1
1.875% unsecured green bonds 2031 347.2 281.2 346.8 279.0
Unsecured private placement notes 2026 - 2034 453.6 391.3 453.5 399.0
Unsecured bank loans 290.5 293.0 81.2 84.0
1,269.4 1,142.2 1,233.2 1,104.8
Borrowings 1,463.5 1,333.8 1,336.1 1,206.6
Derivative financial instruments expiring in less than one year (0.6) (0.6) - -
Derivative financial instruments expiring in
greater than one year - - (2.9) (2.9)
Total borrowings and derivative financial instruments 1,462.9 1,333.2 1,333.2 1,203.7
Reconciliation to net debt:
Borrowings and derivative financial instruments 1,462.9 1,333.2
Adjustments for:
Leasehold liabilities 34.6 34.6
Derivative financial instruments 0.6 2.9
Cash at bank excluding restricted cash (see note 23) (15.4) (13.9)
Net debt 1,482.7 1,356.8
The fair values of the Group's bonds have been estimated on the basis of
quoted market prices, representing Level 1 fair value measurement as defined
by IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement.
The fair values of the unsecured private placement notes were determined by
discounting the contractual cash flows by the replacement rate. The
replacement rate is the sum of the current underlying Gilt rate plus the
market implied margin. These represent Level 2 fair value measurement.
The fair values of the Group's outstanding interest rate swaps have been
estimated by using the mid-point of the yield curves prevailing on the
reporting date and represent the net present value of the differences between
the contracted rate and the valuation rate when applied to the projected
balances for the period from the reporting date to the contracted expiry
dates. These represent Level 2 fair value measurement.
The fair value of the Group's bank loans is approximately the same as their
carrying amount, after adjusting for the unamortised arrangement fees, and
also represent Level 2 fair value measurement.
The fair value of the following financial assets and liabilities are the same
as their carrying amounts:
· Cash and cash equivalents.
· Trade receivables, other receivables and accrued income included
within trade and other receivables.
· Trade payables, other payables and accruals included within trade
and other payables.
· Leasehold liabilities.
There have been no transfers between levels in either 2024 or 2023.
In June 2024, Derwent London plc signed an agreement for an unsecured term
loan facility of £100m. As of 31 December 2024, the Group had fully drawn all
funds from this facility. The loan is for a three-year term and has two
one-year extension options.
In December 2024, Derwent London plc signed an agreement for an unsecured
facility of £115m, consisting of a £82.5m term loan and £32.5m RCF. As of
31 December 2024, the Group had fully drawn all funds from the term loan
facility. The loan is for a two-year term and has two one-year extension
options.
Unsecured bank borrowings are accounted for at amortised cost. At 31 December
2024, there was £110.5m (2023: £84.0m) drawn on the RCFs, £182.5m (2023:
£nil) drawn on term loans and the combined unamortised arrangement fees were
£2.5m (2023: £2.8m), resulting in the carrying value being £290.5m credit
balance (2023: £81.2m).
Other loans consist of a £20.0m (2023: £20.0m) interest-free loan with no
fixed repayment date from a third-party providing development consultancy
services on the residential element of the 25 Baker Street W1 development. The
loan will be repaid from the sale proceeds of these residential apartments
after completion of the scheme. The agreement provides for a profit share on
completion of the sales which, under IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, has been
deemed to have a carrying value of £nil at 31 December 2024 (2023: £nil).
The carrying value of the loan at 31 December 2024 was £20.0m (2023:
£20.0m).
The secured bonds 2026 were secured by a floating charge over a number of the
Group's subsidiary companies which contained £376.3m (31 December 2023:
£395.9m) of the Group's properties.
20. Cash generated from operations
The table below shows the reconciliation of cash generated from operations.
2024 2023
£m £m
Profit/(loss) from operations 156.4 (428.9)
Adjustment for non-cash items:
Revaluation deficit 2.7 581.5
Depreciation 1.0 1.1
Lease incentive/cost spreading (6.8) (6.6)
Share based payments 3.1 2.5
Ground rent adjustment 0.7 0.3
Adjustment for other items:
Profit on disposal (1.9) (1.2)
Changes in working capital:
Increase in receivables balance (8.8) (3.7)
Increase in payables balance 9.5 17.5
Increase in trading property and trading stock (53.3) (27.2)
Cash generated from operations 102.6 135.3
Cash generated from operations includes £3.6m (2023: £nil) cash inflows from
disposal of trading properties, £43.0m (2023: £19.2m) cash outflows in
relation to expenditure on trading properties and £9.8m (2023: £5.5m) cash
outflows in relation to expenditure on trading stock.
21. Deferred tax
Revaluation Other Total
£m £m £m
At 1 January 2024 2.8 (2.7) 0.1
Charged to the income statement 0.1 - 0.1
Charged to other comprehensive income 0.6 - 0.6
At 31 December 2024 3.5 (2.7) 0.8
At 1 January 2023 3.7 (3.1) 0.6
Charged to the income statement 0.1 0.4 0.5
Charged to other comprehensive income (1.0) - (1.0)
At 31 December 2023 2.8 (2.7) 0.1
Deferred tax has been recognised at the main rate of corporation tax of 25.0%
which is the rate enacted for the purposes of IAS 12 on the basis of the
expected timing of the realization of the deferred tax.
Deferred tax on the balance sheet revaluation deficit/surplus is calculated on
the basis of the chargeable gains that would crystallise on the sale of the
property portfolio at each balance sheet date. The calculation takes account
of any available indexation on the historical cost of the properties. Due to
the Group's REIT status, deferred tax is only provided at each balance sheet
date on properties outside the REIT ring-fence. As a result, the Group has
recognised an increase in the deferred tax liability on owner-occupied
property of £0.6m through other comprehensive income.
A deferred tax charge has been recognised through the income statement of
£0.1m. This is due to a £1.0m reduction in the deferred tax asset in
relation to share-based payments and other temporary timing differences,
offset by an increase in the deferred tax asset of £0.9m in respect of tax
losses which the Directors believe will be recovered in the future.
22. Dividend
Dividend per share
Payment PID Non-PID Total 2024 2023
date p p p £m £m
Current year
2024 final dividend(1) 30 May 2025 45.50 10.00 55.50 - -
2024 interim dividend 11 October 2024 25.00 - 25.00 28.1 -
70.50 10.00 80.50
Prior year
2023 final dividend 31 May 2024 39.00 16.00 55.00 61.7 -
2023 interim dividend 13 October 2023 24.50 - 24.50 - 27.5
63.50 16.00 79.50
2022 final dividend 2 June 2023 38.50 16.00 54.50 - 61.2
Dividends as reported in the
Group statement of changes in equity 89.8 88.7
2024 interim dividend withholding tax 14 January 2025 (3.9) -
2023 interim dividend withholding tax 12 January 2024 3.7 (3.7)
2022 interim dividend withholding tax 13 January 2023 - 3.7
Dividends paid as reported in the
Consolidated cash flow statement 89.6 88.7
(1) Subject to shareholder approval at the AGM on 16 May 2025.
23. Cash and cash equivalents
2024 2023
£m £m
Cash at bank 15.4 13.9
Cash held in restricted accounts
Tenant rent deposits 27.9 27.0
Service charge balances 28.1 32.1
71.4 73.0
24. Post balance sheet events
In January 2025, the Group completed the disposal of its freehold interest in
4 & 10 Pentonville N1 for £26.0m before costs. At 31 December 2024, in
line with IFRS 5, this property was classified as a non-current asset held for
sale, see note 17.
Following the bank facility signed in December 2024, the Group signed a new
£115 million unsecured bank facility in February 2025. The new facility
bears interest at compounded SONIA plus a margin and includes an £82.5m term
loan and a £32.5m revolving credit facility. The new facility is for an
initial two-year term and includes one extension option.
25. Related parties
There have been no related party transactions for the year ended 31 December
2024 that have materially affected the financial position or performance of
the Group. All related party transactions are materially consistent with those
disclosed by the Group in its financial statements.
26. EPRA performance measures
Unaudited unless stated otherwise.
As with most other UK property companies and real estate investment trusts
('REITs'), the Group presents many of its financial measures in accordance
with the guidance criteria issued by the European Public Real Estate
Association ('EPRA'). These alternative performance measures, which provide
consistency across the sector, are all derived from the IFRS figures.
Number of shares
Earnings per share Net asset value per share
Weighted average At 31 December
2024 2023 2024 2023
Audited Audited Audited Audited
'000 '000 '000 '000
For use in basic measures 112,258 112,291 112,258 112,291
Dilutive effect of share-based payments 342 243 323 257
For use in diluted measures 112,600 112,534 112,581 112,548
The £175m unsecured convertible bonds 2025 ('1.5% convertible bonds 2025')
have an initial conversion price set at £44.96.
The Group recognises the effect of conversion of the bonds if they are both
dilutive and, based on the share price, likely to convert. For the year ended
31 December 2023 and 2024, the Group did not recognise the dilutive impact of
the conversion of the 2025 bonds on its earnings per share (EPS) or net asset
value (NAV) per share metrics as, based on the share price at the end of each
year, the bonds were not expected to convert.
The following tables set out reconciliations between the IFRS and EPRA
earnings for the year and earnings per share. The adjustments made between
the figures are as follows:
A - Disposal of investment and trading property (including the Group's share
in joint ventures), and associated tax.
B - Revaluation movement on investment property, in joint ventures and other
interests, write-down of trading property and associated deferred tax.
C - Fair value movement and termination income relating to derivative
financial instruments.
Earnings and earnings per share (audited)
Adjustments EPRA
IFRS A B C basis
£m £m £m £m £m
Year ended 31 December 2024
Net property and other income 198.3 - 0.2 - 198.5
Total administrative expenses (41.1) - - - (41.1)
Revaluation deficit (2.7) - 2.7 - -
Profit on disposal of investments 1.9 (1.9) - - -
Net finance costs (39.6) - - - (39.6)
Movement in fair value of derivative financial instruments (2.3) - - 2.3 -
Share of results of joint ventures 1.5 - 0.3 - 1.8
Profit before tax 116.0 (1.9) 3.2 2.3 119.6
Tax charge (0.1) - - - (0.1)
Earnings attributable to equity shareholders 115.9 (1.9) 3.2 2.3 119.5
Earnings per share 103.24p 106.45p
Diluted earnings per share 102.93p 106.13p
Adjustments EPRA
IFRS A B C basis
£m £m £m £m £m
Year ended 31 December 2023
Net property and other income 190.5 - 1.0 - 191.5
Total administrative expenses (39.1) - - - (39.1)
Revaluation deficit (581.5) - 581.5 - -
Profit on disposal of investments 1.2 (1.2) - - -
Net finance costs (39.5) - - - (39.5)
Movement in fair value of derivative financial instruments (2.1) - - 2.1 -
Financial derivative termination income 1.8 - - (1.8) -
Share of results of joint ventures (7.2) - 9.2 - 2.0
Loss before tax (475.9) (1.2) 591.7 0.3 114.9
Tax charge (0.5) - 0.1 - (0.4)
(Loss)/earnings attributable to equity shareholders (476.4) (1.2) 591.8 0.3 114.5
(Loss)/earnings per share (424.25p) 101.97p
Diluted (loss)/earnings per share (424.25p) 101.75p
The diluted loss per share for the year to 31 December 2023 was restricted to
a loss of 424.25p per share, as the loss per share cannot be reduced by
dilution in accordance with IAS 33 Earnings per Share.
EPRA Net Asset Value metrics (audited)
2024 2023
£m £m
Net assets attributable to equity shareholders 3,539.8 3,508.8
Adjustment for:
Revaluation of trading properties 0.6 9.8
Deferred tax on revaluation surplus(1) 1.8 1.4
Fair value of derivative financial instruments (0.6) (2.9)
Fair value adjustment to secured bonds 3.4 5.0
EPRA Net Tangible Assets 3,545.0 3,522.1
Per share measure - diluted 3,149p 3,129p
Net assets attributable to equity shareholders 3,539.8 3,508.8
Adjustment for:
Revaluation of trading properties 0.6 9.8
Fair value adjustment to secured bonds 3.4 5.0
Mark-to-market of fixed rate debt 133.6 133.4
Unamortised issue and arrangement costs (6.0) (7.4)
EPRA Net Disposal Value 3,671.4 3,649.6
Per share measure - diluted 3,261p 3,243p
Net assets attributable to equity shareholders 3,539.8 3,508.8
Adjustment for:
Revaluation of trading properties 0.6 9.8
Deferred tax on revaluation surplus 3.5 2.8
Fair value of derivative financial instruments (0.6) (2.9)
Fair value adjustment to secured bonds 3.4 5.0
Purchasers' costs(2) 342.8 329.4
EPRA Net Reinstatement Value 3,889.5 3,852.9
Per share measure - diluted 3,455p 3,423p
( )
(1) Only 50% of the deferred tax on the revaluation surplus is excluded.
(2) Includes Stamp Duty Land Tax. Total costs assumed to be 6.8% of the
portfolio's fair value.
Cost ratios
2024 2023
£m £m
Administrative expenses 41.1 39.1
Write-off/impairment of receivables 0.2 2.0
Other property costs 16.7 15.2
Dilapidation receipts (0.8) (0.1)
Net service charge costs 6.6 6.6
Service charge costs recovered through rents but not separately invoiced (1.3) (0.9)
Management fees received less estimated profit element (5.1) (4.5)
Share of joint ventures' expenses 0.3 0.4
EPRA costs (including direct vacancy costs) (A) 57.7 57.8
Direct vacancy costs (11.3) (10.4)
EPRA costs (excluding direct vacancy costs) (B) 46.4 47.4
Gross rental income 214.8 212.8
Ground rent (1.5) (2.2)
Service charge components of rental income (1.3) (0.9)
Share of joint ventures' rental income less ground rent 2.0 2.4
Adjusted gross rental income (C) 214.0 212.1
EPRA cost ratio (including direct vacancy costs) (A/C) 27.0% 27.3%
EPRA cost ratio (excluding direct vacancy costs) (B/C) 21.7% 22.3%
In addition to the two EPRA cost ratios, the Group has calculated an
additional cost ratio based on its property portfolio fair value to recognise
the 'total return' nature of the Group's activities.
Property portfolio at fair value (D) 5,041.1 4,844.7
Portfolio cost ratio (A/D) 1.1% 1.2%
Property-related capital expenditure
2024 2023
Group Joint Group Joint
(excl. Joint ventures Total (excl. Joint ventures Total
ventures) (50% share) Group ventures) (50% share) Group
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Acquisitions 47.0 - 47.0 3.8 - 3.8
Development 136.2 3.3 139.5 127.3 0.6 127.9
Investment properties
Incremental lettable space 2.5 - 2.5 - - -
No incremental lettable space 45.3 - 45.3 25.0 - 25.0
Tenant incentives 0.3 - 0.3 - - -
Capitalised interest 10.7 - 10.7 6.3 - 6.3
Total capital expenditure 242.0 3.3 245.3 162.4 0.6 163.0
Conversion from accrual to
cash basis (12.1) - (12.1) 12.1 0.1 12.2
Total capital expenditure
on a cash basis 229.9 3.3 233.2 174.5 0.7 175.2
27. Gearing and interest cover
NAV gearing
2024 2023
£m £m
Net debt 1,482.7 1,356.8
Net assets 3,539.8 3,508.8
NAV gearing 41.9% 38.7%
Loan-to-value ratio
2024 2023
£m £m
Group loan-to-value ratio
Net debt 1,482.7 1,356.8
Fair value adjustment of secured bonds (3.4) (5.0)
Unamortised discount on unsecured green bonds 1.3 1.5
Unamortised issue and arrangement costs 6.0 7.4
Leasehold liabilities (34.6) (34.6)
Drawn debt net of cash (A) 1,452.0 1,326.1
Fair value of property portfolio (B) 5,041.1 4,844.7
Group loan-to-value ratio (A/B) 28.8% 27.4%
Proportionally consolidated loan-to-value ratio
Drawn debt net of cash (A) 1,452.0 1,326.1
Share of cash and cash equivalents joint ventures - (2.2)
Drawn debt net of cash including Group's share of joint ventures (C) 1,452.0 1,323.9
Fair value of property portfolio (B) 5,041.1 4,844.7
Share of fair value of property portfolio of joint ventures - 33.8
Fair value of property portfolio including Group's share of joint ventures (D) 5,041.1 4,878.5
Proportionally consolidated loan-to-value ratio (C/D) 28.8% 27.1%
EPRA loan-to-value ratio
Drawn debt net of cash including Group's share of joint ventures (C) 1,452.0 1,323.9
Debt with equity characteristics (20.0) (20.0)
Adjustment for hybrid debt instruments 0.6 2.0
Net payable adjustment 72.7 57.2
Adjusted debt (E) 1,505.3 1,363.1
Fair value of property portfolio including Group's share of joint ventures (D) 5,041.1 4,878.5
EPRA loan-to-value ratio (E/D) 29.9% 27.9%
Net interest cover ratio
2024 2023
£m £m
Group net interest cover ratio
Net property and other income 198.3 190.5
Adjustments for:
Other income (5.1) (4.5)
Other property income (0.1) -
Surrender premiums received (2.7) (0.1)
Write-down of trading property - 0.4
Adjusted net property income 190.4 186.3
Finance income (0.3) (0.9)
Finance costs 39.9 40.4
Adjustments for:
Finance income 0.3 0.9
Other finance costs (0.4) (0.3)
Amortisation of fair value adjustment to secured bonds 1.6 1.5
Amortisation of issue and arrangement costs (2.6) (2.6)
Finance costs capitalised 11.2 6.5
Net interest payable 49.7 45.5
Group net interest cover ratio 383% 409%
Proportionally consolidated net interest cover ratio
Adjusted net property income 190.4 186.3
Share of joint ventures' net property income 1.9 2.2
Adjusted net property income including share of joint ventures 192.3 188.5
Net interest payable 49.7 45.5
Proportionally consolidated net interest cover ratio 387% 414%
Net debt to EBITDA
2024 2023
£m £m
Net debt 1,482.7 1,356.8
Profit/(loss) for the year 115.9 (476.4)
Add back: tax charge 0.1 0.5
Profit/(loss) before tax 116.0 (475.9)
Add back: net finance charges 39.6 39.5
Add back: movement in fair value of derivative financial instruments 2.3 2.1
Add back: financial derivative termination income - (1.8)
157.9 (436.1)
Add back: profit on disposal of investment property (1.9) (1.2)
Add back: revaluation deficit 2.7 581.5
Add back: share of joint venture revaluation movement/impairment (note 9) 0.3 9.2
Add back: depreciation 1.0 1.1
EBITDA (B) 160.0 154.5
Net debt to EBITDA (A/B) 9.3 8.8
28. Total return
2024 2023
p p
EPRA Net Tangible Assets on a diluted basis
At end of year 3,149 3,129
At start of year (3,129) (3,632)
Increase/(decrease) 20 (503)
Dividend per share 80 79
Increase/(decrease) including dividend 100 (424)
Total return 3.2% (11.7%)
29. List of definitions
Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM)
An environmental impact assessment method for non-domestic buildings.
Performance is measured across a series of ratings; Good, Very Good, Excellent
and Outstanding.
Capital return
The annual valuation movement arising on the Group's portfolio expressed as a
percentage return on the valuation at the beginning of the year adjusted for
acquisitions and capital expenditure.
Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)
An insolvency procedure allowing a company with debt problems or that is
insolvent to reach a voluntary agreement with its creditors to repay its debt
over a fixed period.
Diluted figures
Reported results adjusted to include the effects of potential dilutive shares
issuable under the Group's share option schemes and the convertible bonds.
Earnings/earnings per share (EPS)
Earnings represent the profit or loss for the year attributable to equity
shareholders and are divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares
in issue during the financial year to arrive at earnings per share.
EBITDA
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation.
Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)
An EPC is an asset rating detailing how energy efficient a building is, rated
by carbon dioxide emission on a scale of A-G, where an A rating is the most
energy efficient. They are legally required for any building that is to be put
on the market for sale or rent.
Estimated rental value (ERV)
This is the external valuers' opinion as to the open market rent which, on the
date of valuation, could reasonably be expected to be obtained on a new
letting or rent review of a property.
European Public Real Estate Association (EPRA)
A not-for-profit association with a membership of Europe's leading property
companies, investors and consultants which strives to establish best practices
in accounting, reporting and corporate governance and to provide high-quality
information to investors. EPRA's Best Practices Recommendations includes
guidelines for the calculation of the following performance measures which the
Group has adopted.
- EPRA Earnings Per Share
Earnings from operational activities.
- EPRA Loan-to-value (LTV)
Debt divided by the property value. Debt is equal to drawn facilities less
cash, adjusted with equity characteristics, adding back the equity portion of
hybrid debt instruments and including net payables if applicable. Property
value is equal to the fair value of the property portfolio including net
receivables if applicable.
- EPRA Net Reinstatement Value (NRV) per share
NAV adjusted to reflect the value required to rebuild the entity and assuming
that entities never sell assets. Assets and liabilities, such as fair value
movements on financial derivatives are not expected to crystallise in normal
circumstances and deferred taxes on property valuation surpluses are excluded.
- EPRA Net Tangible Assets (NTA) per share
Assumes that entities buy and sell assets, thereby crystallising certain
levels of unavoidable deferred tax.
- EPRA Net Disposal Value (NDV) per share
Represent the shareholders' value under a disposal scenario, where deferred
tax, financial instruments and certain other adjustments are calculated to the
full extent of their liability, net of any resulting tax.
- EPRA capital expenditure
The total expenditure incurred on the acquisition, enhancement, and
development of investment properties. This can include amounts spent on any
investment properties under construction or related development projects, as
well as the amounts spent on the completed (operational) investment property
portfolio. Capitalised finance costs included in the financial statements are
also presented within this total. The costs are presented on both an accrual
and a cash basis, for both the Group and the proportionate share of joint
ventures.
- EPRA Cost Ratio (including direct vacancy costs)
EPRA costs as a percentage of gross rental income less ground rent (including
share of joint venture gross rental income less ground rent). EPRA costs
include administrative expenses, other property costs, net service charge
costs and the share of joint ventures' overheads and operating expenses (net
of any service charge costs), adjusted for service charge costs recovered
through rents and management fees.
- EPRA Cost Ratio (excluding direct vacancy costs)
Calculated as above, but with an adjustment to exclude direct vacancy costs.
- EPRA Net Initial Yield (NIY)
Annualised rental income based on the cash rents passing at the balance sheet
date, less non-recoverable property operating expenses, divided by the market
value of the EPRA property portfolio, increased by estimated purchasers'
costs.
- EPRA 'topped-up' Net Initial Yield
This measure incorporates an adjustment to the EPRA NIY in respect of the
expiration of rent free periods (or other unexpired lease incentives such as
discounted rent periods and stepped rents).
- EPRA Vacancy Rate
Estimated rental value (ERV) of immediately available space divided by the ERV
of the EPRA portfolio.
In addition, the Group has adopted the following recommendation for investment
property reporting.
- EPRA like-for-like rental income growth
The growth in rental income on properties owned throughout the current and
previous year under review. This growth rate includes revenue recognition and
lease accounting adjustments but excludes properties held for development in
either year and properties acquired or disposed of in either year.
Fair value adjustment
An accounting adjustment to change the book value of an asset or liability to
its market value.
Ground rent
The rent payable by the Group for its leasehold properties. Under IFRS, a
liability is recognised using the discounted payments due. Fixed lease
payments made are allocated between the interest payable and the reduction in
the outstanding liability. Any variable payments are recognised in the income
statement in the period to which it relates.
Headroom
This is the amount left to draw under the Group's loan facilities (i.e. the
total loan facilities less amounts already drawn).
Interest rate swap
A financial instrument where two parties agree to exchange an interest rate
obligation for a predetermined amount of time. These are generally used by the
Group to convert floating rate debt to fixed rates.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Activities and behaviours, aligned to both business objectives and individual
goals, against which the performance of the Group is annually assessed.
Lease incentives
Any incentive offered to occupiers to enter into a lease. Typically the
incentive will be an initial rent free or half rent period, stepped rents, or
a cash contribution to fit-out or similar costs.
Loan-to-value ratio (LTV)
Drawn debt net of cash divided by the fair value of the property portfolio.
Drawn debt is equal to drawn facilities less unrestricted cash and the
unamortised equity element of the convertible bonds.
Mark-to-market
The difference between the book value of an asset or liability and its market
value.
MSCI Inc. (MSCI IPD)
MSCI Inc. is a company that produces independent benchmarks of property
returns. The Group measures its performance against both the Central London
Offices Index and the UK All Property Index.
National Australian Built Environment Rating System (NABERS)
This is a building performance rating system which provides an energy
performance benchmark using a simple star rating system on a 1-6 scale. This
helps property owners understand and communicate a building's performance
versus other similar buildings to occupiers. Ratings are validated on an
annual basis.
NAV gearing
Net debt divided by net assets.
Net assets per share or net asset value (NAV)
Equity shareholders' funds divided by the number of ordinary shares in issue
at the balance sheet date.
Net debt
Borrowings plus bank overdraft less unrestricted cash and cash equivalents.
Net debt to EBITDA
Net Debt to EBITDA is the ratio of gross debt less unrestricted cash to
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA).
Net interest cover ratio
Net property income, excluding all non-core items divided by interest payable
on borrowings and non-utilisation fees.
Property income distribution (PID)
Dividends from profits of the Group's tax-exempt property rental business
under the REIT regulations.
Non-PID
Dividends from profits of the Group's taxable residual business.
Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT)
The UK Real Estate Investment Trust ("REIT") regime was launched on 1 January
2007. On 1 July 2007, Derwent London plc elected to convert to REIT status.
The REIT legislation was introduced to provide a structure which closely
mirrors the tax outcomes of direct ownership in property and removes tax
inequalities between different real estate investors. It provides a liquid and
publicly available vehicle which opens the property market to a wide range of
investors.
A REIT is exempt from corporation tax on qualifying income and gains of its
property rental business providing various conditions are met. It remains
subject to corporation tax on non-exempt income and gains e.g. interest
income, trading activity and development fees.
REITs must distribute at least 90% of the Group's income profits from its tax
exempt property rental business, by way of dividend, known as a property
income distribution (PID). These distributions can be subject to withholding
tax at 20%.
If the Group distributes profits from the non-tax exempt business, the
distribution will be taxed as an ordinary dividend in the hands of the
investors (non-PID).
Rent reviews
Rent reviews take place at intervals agreed in the lease (typically every five
years) and their purpose is usually to adjust the rent to the current market
level at the review date. For upwards only rent reviews, the rent will either
remain at the same level or increase (if market rents are higher) at the
review date.
Reversion
The reversion is the amount by which ERV is higher than the rent roll of a
property or portfolio. The reversion is derived from contractual rental
increases, rent reviews, lease renewals and the letting of space that is
vacant and available to occupy or under development or refurbishment.
Scrip dividend
Derwent London plc sometimes offers its shareholders the opportunity to
receive dividends in the form of shares instead of cash. This is known as a
scrip dividend.
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD)
Set up by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) in response to the G20 Finance
Ministers and Central Bank Governors request for greater levels of
decision-useful, climate-related information; the TCFD was asked to develop
climate-related disclosures that could promote more informed investment,
credit (or lending), and insurance underwriting decisions. In turn, this would
enable stakeholders to understand better the concentrations of carbon-related
assets in the financial sector and the financial system's exposures to
climate-related risks.
'Topped-up' rent
Annualised rents generated by the portfolio plus rent contracted from expiry
of rent free periods and uplifts agreed at the balance sheet date.
Total property return (TPR)
Total property return is a performance measure calculated by the MSCI IPD and
defined in the MSCI Global Methodology Standards for Real Estate Investment as
'the percentage value change plus net income accrual, relative to the capital
employed'.
Total return (TR) or total accounting return (TAR)
The movement in EPRA Net Tangible Assets per share on a diluted basis between
the beginning and the end of each financial year plus the dividend per share
paid during the year expressed as a percentage of the EPRA Net Tangible Assets
per share on a diluted basis at the beginning of the year.
Total shareholder return (TSR)
The growth in the ordinary share price as quoted on the London Stock Exchange
plus dividends per share received for the year, expressed as a percentage of
the share price at the beginning of the year.
Transmission and distribution (T&D)
The emissions associated with the transmission and distribution losses in the
grid from the transportation of electricity from its generation source.
Underlying portfolio
Properties that have been held for the whole of the year (i.e. excluding any
acquisitions or disposals made during the year).
Underlying valuation increase/decrease
The valuation increase/decrease on the underlying portfolio.
Well to tank (WTT)
The emissions associated with extracting, refining and transporting raw fuel
to the vehicle, asset or process under scrutiny.
Yields
- Net initial yield
Annualised rental income based on cash rents passing at the balance sheet
date, less non-recoverable property operating expenses, divided by the market
value of the property, increased by estimated purchasers' costs.
- Reversionary yield
The anticipated yield to which the net initial yield will rise once the rent
reaches the estimated rental values.
- True equivalent yield
The constant capitalisation rate which, if applied to all cash flows from the
portfolio, including current rent, reversions to valuers' estimated rental
value and such items as voids and expenditures, equates to the valuation
having taken into account notional purchasers' costs. Rent is assumed to be
received quarterly in advance.
- Yield shift
A movement in the yield of a property asset, or like-for-like portfolio, over
a given period. Yield compression is a commonly-used term for a reduction in
yields.
30. Copies of this announcement will be available on the Company's website,
www.derwentlondon.com, from the date of this statement. Copies will also be
available from the Company Secretary, Derwent London plc, 25 Savile Row,
London, W1S 2ER.
Notes to editors
Derwent London plc
Derwent London plc owns 62 buildings in a commercial real estate portfolio
predominantly in central London valued at £5.0 billion as at 31 December
2024, making it the largest London office-focused real estate investment trust
(REIT).
Our experienced team has a long track record of creating value throughout the
property cycle by regenerating our buildings via redevelopment or
refurbishment, effective asset management and capital recycling. We typically
acquire central London properties off-market with low capital values and
modest rents in improving locations, most of which are either in the West End
or the Tech Belt. We capitalise on the unique qualities of each of our
properties - taking a fresh approach to the regeneration of every building
with a focus on anticipating tenant requirements and an emphasis on design.
Reflecting and supporting our long-term success, the business has a strong
balance sheet with modest leverage, a robust income stream and flexible
financing.
We are frequently recognised in industry awards for the quality, design and
innovation of our projects. Landmark buildings in our 5.4 million sq ft
portfolio include 1 Soho Place W1, 80 Charlotte Street W1, Brunel Building W2,
White Collar Factory EC1, Angel Building EC1, 1-2 Stephen Street W1,
Horseferry House SW1 and Tea Building E1.
As part of our commitment to lead the industry in mitigating climate change,
Derwent London has committed to becoming a net zero carbon business by 2030,
publishing its pathway to achieving this goal in July 2020. Our science-based
carbon targets validated by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). In
2013 the Company launched a voluntary Community Fund which has to date
supported 180 community projects in central London.
The Company is a public limited company, which is listed on the London Stock
Exchange and incorporated and domiciled in the UK. The address of its
registered office is 25 Savile Row, London, W1S 2ER.
For further information see www.derwentlondon.com or follow us on LinkedIn
Forward-looking statements
This document contains certain forward-looking statements about the future
outlook of Derwent London. By their nature, any statements about future
outlook involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend
on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. Actual results,
performance or outcomes may differ materially from any results, performance or
outcomes expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
No representation or warranty is given in relation to any forward-looking
statements made by Derwent London, including as to their completeness or
accuracy. Derwent London does not undertake to update any forward-looking
statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Nothing in this announcement should be construed as a profit forecast.
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