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REG - Royal Bk Scot.Grp. - Final Results <Origin Href="QuoteRef">RBS.L</Origin> - Part 5

- Part 5: For the preceding part double click  ID:nRSZ2357Qd 

the period                                (1,185)      (2,711)                     (2,599)      1,082         (5,605)      
                                                                                                                                              
 Items that do not qualify for reclassification                                                                                               
 (Loss)/gain on remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes  (73)         (1,857)                     (93)         3             (186)        
 Tax                                                         306          314                         310          (1)           (20)         
                                                                                                                                              
                                                             233          (1,543)                     217          2             (206)        
                                                                                                                                              
 Items that do qualify for reclassification                                                                                                   
 Available-for-sale financial assets                         44           807                         139          (50)          199          
 Cash flow hedges                                            (700)        1,413                       (398)        408           958          
 Currency translation                                        (1,181)      307                         (4)          (604)         424          
 Tax                                                         108          (455)                       2            (38)          (264)        
                                                                                                                                              
                                                             (1,729)      2,072                       (261)        (284)         1,317        
                                                                                                                                              
 Other comprehensive (loss)/income after tax                 (1,496)      529                         (44)         (282)         1,111        
                                                                                                                                              
 Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the period            (2,681)      (2,182)                     (2,643)      800           (4,494)      
                                                                                                                                              
 Total comprehensive (loss)/income is attributable to:                                                                                        
 Non-controlling interests                                   370          246                         13           58            204          
 Preference shareholders                                     297          330                         74           80            99           
 Paid-in equity holders                                      88           49                          47           17            16           
 Dividend access share                                       -            320                         -            -             -            
 Ordinary shareholders                                       (3,436)      (3,127)                     (2,777)      645           (4,813)      
                                                                                                                                              
                                                             (2,681)      (2,182)                     (2,643)      800           (4,494)      
 
 
* Restated, refer to Note 1 on page 46 for further details. 
 
Key points 
 
 ●  The loss on remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes reflects the change of accounting policy for pensions. For further details, refer to Note 1 on page 46.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 ●  Cash flow hedging losses in both the year and quarter principally result from transfers from equity as hedged transactions occurred. In the year, this is partially offset by cash flow hedging gains deferred in equity.                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 ●  Currency translation losses for the year predominantly relates to the recycling of foreign exchange reserves upon ceding control of Citizens and the strengthening of sterling against the euro, partially offset by the weakening of sterling against the US dollar.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 ●  The movement in available-for-sale financial assets in both the year and quarter reflects significant unrealised gains on a holding of euro equity securities. In the year, this is partially offset by unrealised losses on available-for-sale debt securities.       
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
 
Statutory results 
 
Consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2015 
 
                                                    31 December  30 September  31 December  
 2015                                               2015*        2014*         
                                                    £m           £m            £m           
                                                                                            
 Assets                                                                                     
 Cash and balances at central banks                 79,404       77,220        74,872       
 Net loans and advances to banks                    18,361       22,681        23,027       
 Reverse repurchase agreements and stock borrowing  12,285       15,255        20,708       
 Loans and advances to banks                        30,646       37,936        43,735       
 Net loans and advances to customers                306,334      311,383       334,251      
 Reverse repurchase agreements and stock borrowing  27,558       36,545        43,987       
 Loans and advances to customers                    333,892      347,928       378,238      
 Debt securities                                    82,097       81,307        86,649       
 Equity shares                                      1,361        2,199         5,635        
 Settlement balances                                4,116        9,397         4,667        
 Derivatives                                        262,514      296,019       353,590      
 Intangible assets                                  6,537        7,151         7,781        
 Property, plant and equipment                      4,482        4,607         6,167        
 Deferred tax                                       2,631        1,811         1,911        
 Prepayments, accrued income and other assets       4,242        4,809         5,763        
 Assets of disposal groups                          3,486        6,300         82,011       
                                                                                            
 Total assets                                       815,408      876,684       1,051,019    
                                                                                            
 Liabilities                                                                                
 Bank deposits                                      28,030       30,543        35,806       
 Repurchase agreements and stock lending            10,266       12,800        24,859       
 Deposits by banks                                  38,296       43,343        60,665       
 Customer deposits                                  343,186      346,267       354,288      
 Repurchase agreements and stock lending            27,112       30,555        37,351       
 Customer accounts                                  370,298      376,822       391,639      
 Debt securities in issue                           31,150       37,360        50,280       
 Settlement balances                                3,390        8,401         4,503        
 Short positions                                    20,809       20,108        23,029       
 Derivatives                                        254,705      288,905       349,805      
 Accruals, deferred income and other liabilities    15,115       14,324        13,346       
 Retirement benefit liabilities                     3,789        3,718         4,318        
 Deferred tax                                       882          376           500          
 Subordinated liabilities                           19,847       20,184        22,905       
 Liabilities of disposal groups                     2,980        6,401         71,320       
                                                                                            
 Total liabilities                                  761,261      819,942       992,310      
                                                                                            
 Equity                                                                                     
 Non-controlling interests                          716          703           2,946        
 Owners' equity                                                                             
 Called up share capital                            11,625       6,984         6,877        
 Reserves                                           41,806       49,055        48,886       
                                                                                            
 Total equity                                       54,147       56,742        58,709       
                                                                                            
 Total liabilities and equity                       815,408      876,684       1,051,019    
                                                                                            
 Owners' equity attributable to:                                                            
 Ordinary shareholders                              47,480       50,088        50,666       
 Other equity owners                                5,951        5,951         5,097        
                                                                                            
                                                    53,431       56,039        55,763       
 
 
*Restated, refer to Note 1 on page 46 for further details. 
 
The parent company's distributable reserves at 31 December 2015 were £16.3 billion (31 December 2014 - £17.5 billion). 
 
Statutory results 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the period ended 31 December 2015 
 
                                                               Year ended                Quarter ended  
                                                               31 December  31 December                 31 December  30 September  31 December  
 2015                                                          2014*                     2015           2015*        2014*         
 £m                                                            £m                        £m             £m           £m            
                                                                                                                                                
 Called-up share capital                                                                                                                        
 At beginning of period                                        6,877        6,714                       6,984        6,981         6,832        
 Ordinary shares issued                                        159          163                         51           4             45           
 Conversion of B shares (1)                                    4,590        -                           4,590        -             -            
 Preference shares redeemed (2)                                (1)          -                           -            (1)           -            
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              11,625       6,877                       11,625       6,984         6,877        
                                                                                                                                                
 Paid-in equity                                                                                                                                 
 At beginning of period                                        784          979                         2,646        634           979          
 Redeemed/reclassified                                         (150)        (195)                       -            -             (195)        
 Additional Tier 1 capital notes issued                        2,012        -                           -            2,012         -            
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              2,646        784                         2,646        2,646         784          
                                                                                                                                                
 Share premium account                                                                                                                          
 At beginning of period                                        25,052       24,667                      25,315       25,306        24,934       
 Ordinary shares issued                                        373          385                         110          9             118          
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              25,425       25,052                      25,425       25,315        25,052       
                                                                                                                                                
 Merger reserve                                                                                                                                 
 At beginning of period                                        13,222       13,222                      13,222       13,222        13,222       
 Transfer to retained earnings                                 (2,341)      -                           (2,341)      -             -            
 At end of period                                                           10,881       13,222                      10,881        13,222       13,222  
                                                                                                                                                
 Available-for-sale reserve                                                                                                                     
 At beginning of period                                        299          (308)                       210          244           172          
 Unrealised gains                                              31           980                         139          6             173          
 Realised losses/(gains)                                       27           (333)                       2            (38)          (19)         
 Tax                                                           (16)         (67)                        (44)         (11)          (27)         
 Recycled to profit or loss on disposal of businesses (3)      -            36                          -            -             -            
 Recycled to profit or loss on ceding control of Citizens (4)  9            -                           -            9             -            
 Transfer to retained earnings                                 (43)         (9)                         -            -             -            
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              307          299                         307          210           299          
                                                                                                                                                
 Cash flow hedging reserve                                                                                                                      
 At beginning of period                                        1,029        (84)                        810          435           291          
 Amount recognised in equity                                   712          2,871                       (65)         803           1,328        
 Amount transferred from equity to earnings                    (1,354)      (1,458)                     (333)        (316)         (370)        
 Tax                                                           98           (334)                       46           (76)          (220)        
 Recycled to profit or loss on ceding control of Citizens (5)  (36)         -                           -            (36)          -            
 Transfer to retained earnings                                 9            34                          -            -             -            
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              458          1,029                       458          810           1,029        
                                                                                                                                                        
 Foreign exchange reserve                                                                                                                       
 At beginning of period                                        3,483        3,691                       1,679        2,317         3,173        
 Retranslation of net assets                                   (22)         113                         17           509           209          
 Foreign currency (losses)/gains on hedges of net assets       (176)        108                         (26)         (188)         114          
 Tax                                                           (11)         (30)                        -            3             (4)          
 Recycled to profit or loss on disposal of businesses          4            -                           4            -             -            
 Recycled to profit or loss on ceding control of Citizens      (962)        -                           -            (962)         -            
 Transfer to retained earnings                                 (642)        (399)                       -            -             (9)          
                                                                                                                                                
 At end of period                                              1,674        3,483                       1,674        1,679         3,483        
                                                                                                                                                        
 Capital redemption reserve                                                                                                                     
 At beginning of period                                        9,131        9,131                       9,132        9,131         9,131        
 Conversion of B shares (1)                                    (4,590)      -                           (4,590)      -             -            
 Preference shares redeemed (2)                                1            -                           -            1             -            
                                                                                                                                                        
 At end of period                                              4,542        9,131                       4,542        9,132         9,131        
 
 
*Restated, refer to Note 1 on page 46 for further details. 
 
Notes: 
 
 (1)  In October 2015, all B shares were converted into ordinary shares of £1 each.                                                              
 (2)  Non-cumulative dollar preference shares totalling $1.9 billion were redeemed in September 2015.                                            
 (3)  Net of tax - £11 million charge in year ended December 2014.                                                                               
 (4)  Net of tax - £6 million charge.                                                                                                            
 (5)  Net of tax - £16 million credit.                                                                                                           
 (6)  See Basis of preparation in Note 1.                                                                                                        
 (7)  Includes £2,491 million relating to the secondary offering of Citizens in March 2015 (2014 - £2,117 million relating to IPO of Citizens).  
 
 
Statutory results 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the period ended 31 December 2015 
 
                                                             Year ended                Quarter ended  
                                                             31 December  31 December                 31 December  30 September  31 December  
 2015                                                        2014*                     2015           2015*        2014*         
                                                             £m           £m                          £m           £m            £m           
                                                                                                                                              
 Retained earnings                                                                                                                            
 At beginning of period                                      (4,001)      783                         (3,851)      (3,593)       2,072        
 (Loss)/profit attributable to ordinary shareholders                                                                                          
 and other equity owners                                                                                                                      
 - continuing operations                                     (2,801)      756                         (2,709)      (16)          (1,741)      
 - discontinued operations                                   1,207        (3,527)                     90           1,053         (3,935)      
 Equity preference dividends paid                            (297)        (330)                       (74)         (80)          (99)         
 Paid-in equity dividends paid, net of tax                   (88)         (49)                        (47)         (17)          (16)         
 Dividend access share dividend                              -            (320)                       -            -             -            
 Transfer from available-for-sale reserve                    43           9                           -            -             -            
 Transfer from cash flow hedging reserve                     (9)          (34)                        -            -             -            
 Transfer from foreign exchange reserve                      642          399                         -            -             9            
 Transfer from merger reserve                                2,341        -                           2,341        -             -            
 Costs of placing Citizens equity                            (29)         (45)                        -            -             -            
 Redemption of equity preference shares (2)                  (1,214)      -                           -            (1,214)       -            
 (Loss)/gain on remeasurement of                                                                                                              
 retirement benefit schemes (6)                                                                                                               
 - gross                                                     (67)         (1,857)                     (87)         3             (186)        
 - tax                                                       306          314                         310          (1)           (20)         
 Loss on disposal of own shares held                         -            (8)                         -            -             (8)          
 Shares issued under employee share schemes                  (58)         (91)                        (1)          -             (50)         
 Share-based payments                                        -            -                           -            -             -            
 - gross                                                     36           29                          12           14            3            
 - tax                                                       (4)          3                           (4)          -             3            
 Reclassification of paid-in equity                          (27)         (33)                        -            -             (33)         
                                                                                                                                              
 At end of period                                            (4,020)      (4,001)                     (4,020)      (3,851)       (4,001)      
                                                                                                                                              
 Own shares held                                                                                                                              
 At beginning of period                                      (113)        (137)                       (108)        (108)         (136)        
 Disposal of own shares                                      6            1                           1            -             -            
 Shares issued under employee share schemes                  -            23                          -            -             23           
                                                                                                                                              
 At end of period                                            (107)        (113)                       (107)        (108)         (113)        
                                                                                                                                              
 Owners' equity at end of period                             53,431       55,763                      53,431       56,039        55,763       
                                                                                                                                              
 *Restated, refer to Note 1 of page 46 for further details.  
                                                                                                                                              
 For notes to this table refer to page 42.                                                                                                    
 
 
Statutory results 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the period ended 31 December 2015 
 
                                                            Year ended                Quarter ended  
                                                            31 December  31 December                 31 December  30 September  31 December  
                                                            2015         2014*                       2015         2015*         2014*        
 Non-controlling interests                                                                                                                   
 At beginning of period                                     2,946        473                         703          5,705         2,747        
 Currency translation adjustments and other movements       3            86                          1            65            101          
 Profit/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests                                                                                     
 - continuing operations                                    75           (22)                        20           5             18           
 - discontinued operations                                  334          82                          -            40            53           
 Dividends paid                                             (31)         (4)                         -            -             (4)          
 Movements in available-for-sale securities                                                                                                  
 - unrealised gains/(losses)                                22           36                          (2)          12            42           
 - realised (gains)/losses                                  (6)          77                          -            -             3            
 - tax                                                      (5)          (13)                        -            -             (13)         
 Movements in cash flow hedging reserve                                                                                                      
 - amount recognised in equity                              32           18                          -            11            18           
 - tax                                                      (4)          -                           -            -             -            
 - amounts transferred from equity to earnings              -            (18)                        -            -             (18)         
 Actuarial losses recognised in retirement benefit schemes                                                                                   
 - gross                                                    (6)          -                           (6)          -             -            
 Equity raised (7)                                          2,537        2,232                       -            46            -            
 Equity withdrawn and disposals                             (24)         (1)                         -            (24)          (1)          
 Loss of control of Citizens                                (5,157)      -                           -            (5,157)       -            
                                                                                                                                             
 At end of period                                           716          2,946                       716          703           2,946        
                                                                                                                                             
 Total equity at end of period                              54,147       58,709                      54,147       56,742        58,709       
                                                                                                                                             
 Total equity is attributable to:                                                                                                            
 Non-controlling interests                                  716          2,946                       716          703           2,946        
 Preference shareholders                                    3,305        4,313                       3,305        3,305         4,313        
 Paid-in equity holders                                     2,646        784                         2,646        2,646         784          
 Ordinary shareholders                                      47,480       50,666                      47,480       50,088        50,666       
                                                                                                                                             
                                                            54,147       58,709                      54,147       56,742        58,709       
 
 
*Restated, refer to Note 1 on page 46 for further details. 
 
For the notes to this table refer to page 42. 
 
Statutory results 
 
Consolidated cash flow statement for the period ended 31 December 2015 
 
                                                                Year ended   
                                                                31 December  31 December  
                                                                2015         2014*        
                                                                £m           £m           
                                                                                          
 Operating activities                                                                     
 Operating (loss)/profit before tax on continuing operations    (2,703)      2,643        
 Operating profit/(loss) before tax on discontinued operations  1,766        (3,207)      
 Adjustments for non-cash items                                 (6,661)      (1,149)      
                                                                                          
 Net cash outflow from trading activities                       (7,598)      (1,713)      
 Changes in operating assets and liabilities                    8,589        (18,260)     
                                                                                          
 Net cash flows from operating activities before tax            991          (19,973)     
 Income taxes paid                                              (73)         (414)        
                                                                                          
 Net cash flows from operating activities                       918          (20,387)     
                                                                                          
 Net cash flows from investing activities                       (4,866)      6,609        
                                                                                          
 Net cash flows from financing activities                       (940)        (404)        
                                                                                          
 Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents  576          909          
                                                                                          
 Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents                      (4,312)      (13,273)     
 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year                 107,904      121,177      
                                                                                          
 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year                       103,592      107,904      
                                                                                          
 *Restated, refer to Note 1 on page 46 for further details.                               
 
 
Notes 
 
1. Basis of preparation 
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with RBS's 2015 Annual Report and Accounts
which were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB) and interpretations issued by the IFRS Interpretations Committee of the IASB as adopted by the
European Union (EU) (together IFRS). 
 
Accounting policies 
 
RBS's principal accounting policies are set out on pages 267 to 276 of the 2015 Annual Report and Accounts. Amendments to
IFRSs effective for 2015 have not had a material effect on RBS's 2015 results. 
 
Pensions 
 
In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Group changed its accounting policy for the recognition of surpluses in its defined
benefit pension schemes: in particular, the policy for determining whether or not it has an unconditional right to a refund
of surpluses in its employee pension funds. Where the Group has a right to a refund, this is not deemed unconditional if
pension fund trustees can enhance benefits for plan members. The amended policy has been applied retrospectively and prior
periods restated. 
 
Critical accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty 
 
The judgements and assumptions that are considered to be the most important to the portrayal of RBS's financial condition
are those relating to pensions, goodwill, provisions for liabilities, deferred tax, loan impairment provisions and fair
value of financial instruments. These critical accounting policies and judgements are described on pages 276 to 279 of
RBS's 2015 Annual Report and Accounts. 
 
Going concern 
 
Having reviewed RBS's forecasts, projections and other relevant evidence, the directors have a reasonable expectation that
RBS will continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the results for the period ended 31
December 2015 have been prepared on a going concern basis. 
 
2. Citizens Financial Group 
 
On 3 August 2015, RBS's shareholding in Citizens fell to 20.9% and RBS ceased to consolidate it for accounting purposes
recording a gain (in discontinued operations) of £1.1 billion. On 30 October 2015, RBS sold all of its remaining
shareholding in Citizens.  Citizens was classified as a disposal group on 31 December 2014; it was also reclassified as a
discontinued operation and comparatives re-presented accordingly. 
 
Notes 
 
3. Provisions for liabilities and charges 
 
                                                                                                                                                    
                                                         Regulatory and legal actions                               
                                                         Other                         FX               Other                                       
                                                         customer                      investigations/  regulatory              Property            
                                           PPI    IRHP   redress (1)                   litigation       provisions  Litigation  and other  Total    
                                           £m     £m     £m                            £m               £m          £m          £m         £m       
                                                                                                                                                    
 At 1 January 2015                         799    424    580                           320              183         1,805       663        4,774    
 Transfer                                  -      -      -                             (15)             (50)        65          -          -        
 Currency translation and other movements  -      -      -                             8                2           57          140        207      
 Charge to income statement (2)            100    81     292                           334              27          642         901        2,377    
 Releases to income statement (2)          -      (12)   (18)                          -                -           (11)        (215)      (256)    
 Provisions utilised                       (286)  (296)  (216)                         (178)            (1)         (152)       (312)      (1,441)  
                                                                                                                                                    
 At 30 September 2015                      613    197    638                           469              161         2,406       1,177      5,661    
 Transfer                                  -      -      -                             -                (31)        31          -          -        
 Currency translation and other movements  -      -      -                             8                (1)         48          (34)       21       
 Charge to income statement (2)            500    -      127                           -                -           1,537       523        2,687    
 Releases to income statement (2)          (1)    (1)    (16)                          -                (7)         (15)        (202)      (242)    
 Provisions utilised                       (116)  (47)   (77)                          (171)            (81)        (63)        (206)      (761)    
                                                                                                                                                    
 At 31 December 2015                       996    149    672                           306              41          3,944       1,258      7,366    
 
 
Notes: 
 
 (1)  Closing provision primarily relates to investment advice and packaged accounts.  
 (2)  Relates to continuing operations.                                                
 
 
Payment Protection Insurance (PPI) 
 
A charge for PPI of £500 million has been recognised in Q4 2015 as a result of the developments detailed in Note 4,
bringing the charge for the year to £600 million. The cumulative charge in respect of PPI is £4.3 billion, of which £3.3
billion (77%) in redress and expenses had been utilised by 31 December 2015. Of the £4.3 billion cumulative charge, £3.9
billion relates to redress and £0.4 billion to administrative expenses. 
 
The table below shows the sensitivity of the provision to changes in the principal assumptions (all other assumptions
remaining the same). 
 
                                                                                             Sensitivity           
                                                        Actual to date  Current  assumption  Change in assumption  Consequential change in  provision  
 Assumption                                             %               £m                   
                                                                                                                                                       
 Single premium book past business review take-up rate  55%             56%                  +/-5                  +/-55                               
 Uphold rate (1)                                        91%             89%                  +/-5                  +/-35                               
 Average redress                                        £1,677          £1,638               +/-5                  +/-36                               
 
 
Note: 
 
 (1)  Uphold rate excludes claims where no PPI policy was held.  
 
 
Interest payable on successful complaints has been included in the provision as has the estimated cost of administration.
There are uncertainties as to the eventual cost of redress which will depend on actual complaint volumes, take-up and
uphold rates and average redress costs. Assumptions relating to these are inherently uncertain and the ultimate financial
impact may be different from the amount provided. We continue to monitor the position closely and refresh the underlying
assumptions. Background information in relation to PPI claims is given in Note 4. 
 
Notes 
 
3. Provisions for liabilities and charges (continued) 
 
Interest Rate Hedging Products (IRHP) redress and related costs 
 
Following an industry-wide review conducted in conjunction with the Financial Services Authority (now being dealt with by
the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)), RBS agreed to provide redress to customers in relation to certain interest rate
hedging products sold to small and medium-sized businesses classified as retail clients under FSA rules. A net charge of
£68 million for 2015 principally reflects a marginal increase in our redress experience compared to expectations and the
cost of a small number of consequential loss claims over and above interest offered as part of basic redress. We have now
agreed outcomes with the independent reviewer on all cases. A cumulative charge of £1.5 billion has been recognised of
which £1.1 billion relates to redress and £0.4 billion relates to administrative expenses. We continue to monitor the level
of provision given the remaining uncertainties over the eventual cost of redress, including the cost of consequential loss
claims. 
 
Regulatory and legal actions 
 
RBS is party to certain legal proceedings and regulatory and governmental investigations and continues to co-operate with a
number of regulators. All such matters are periodically reassessed with the assistance of external professional advisers,
where appropriate, to determine the likelihood of RBS incurring a liability and to evaluate the extent to which a reliable
estimate of any liability can be made. Additional charges of £2.9 billion in the year ended 31 December 2015 include actual
and anticipated costs following investigations into the foreign exchange market (£334 million), provisions in respect of
mortgage-backed securities related litigation (£2.1 billion), provisions relating to packaged accounts (£157 million) and
other conduct provisions (£377 million). 
 
4. Litigation, investigations and reviews 
 
RBS and certain members of the Group are party to legal proceedings and the subject of investigation and other regulatory
and governmental action ("Matters") in the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), the European Union (EU) and other
jurisdictions. Note 30 of RBS's 2015 Annual Report & Accounts, issued on 26 February 2016 and available at
www.rbs.com/results ("Note 30"), discusses the Matters in which RBS is currently involved and developments to those
matters. Other than the Matters discussed in Note 30, no member of the Group is or has been involved in governmental,
legal, or regulatory proceedings (including those which are pending or threatened) that are expected to be material,
individually or in aggregate.   Recent developments in the Matters identified in Note 30 which have occurred since the Q3
2015 results were issued on 30 October 2015, include, but are not limited to, those set out below. 
 
Litigation 
 
Other securitisation and securities related litigation in the US 
 
Outstanding MBS litigation is described in Note 30 of RBS's 2015 Annual Report & Accounts.  RBS has £3.8 billion in
cumulative provisions relating to that litigation, including £1.5 billion added in the fourth quarter of 2015. Additional
settlement costs or provisions related to the MBS litigation, as well as the ongoing civil and criminal investigations into
MBS-related conduct involving RBS set out under 'Investigations and reviews' in Note 30 (for which no provisions have been
made), may be necessary in future periods for amounts that could be substantial in some instances and in aggregate could be
substantially in excess of the £3.8 billion in existing provisions. 
 
RBS has settled the previously-disclosed MBS lawsuits filed by the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco and the
Commonwealth of Virginia on behalf of the Virginia Retirement System for amounts that have now been provided for or paid to
the plaintiffs. 
 
Notes 
 
4. Litigation, investigations and reviews (continued) 
 
ISDAFIX antitrust litigation 
 
Beginning in September 2014, RBS plc and a number of other financial institutions were named as defendants in several
purported class actions (now consolidated into one complaint) pending in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York) alleging manipulation of USD ISDAFIX rates.  RBS has reached an agreement to settle this matter,
subject to final settlement documentation and court approval.  The settlement amount is covered by an existing provision. 
 
Interest rate swaps antitrust litigation 
 
On 25 November 2015, RBS plc and other members of the Group, as well as a number of other interest rate swap dealers, were
named as defendants in a class action antitrust complaint filed in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York. A similar complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of
Illinois on 18 February 2016. The complaints allege that the defendants violated the US antitrust laws by restraining
competition in the market for interest rate swaps through various means and thereby caused inflated bid-ask spreads for
interest rate swaps, to the alleged detriment of the plaintiff class. RBS anticipates moving to dismiss the claims asserted
in these matters. 
 
Investigations and reviews 
 
Payment Protection Insurance 
 
As previously disclosed, RBS is monitoring developments following the UK Supreme Court's decision in the case of Plevin v
Paragon Personal Finance Ltd  in November 2014. That decision was that the sale of a single premium PPI policy could create
an 'unfair relationship' under s.140A of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (the 'Consumer Credit Act') because the premium
contained a particularly high level of undisclosed commission. The Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) has confirmed on its
website that unfair relationship provisions in the Consumer Credit Act and the Plevin judgment are 'potentially relevant
considerations' in some of the PPI complaints referred to FOS. On 27 May 2015, the FCA announced that it was considering
whether additional rules and/or guidance are required to deal with the impact of the Plevin decision on complaints about
PPI generally. 
 
On 26 November 2015, the FCA issued Consultation Paper 15/39, in which it sets out proposed rules and guidance for how
firms should handle PPI complaints fairly in light of the Plevin decision and how the FOS should consider relevant PPI
complaints. The Consultation Paper also contains proposals for the introduction in 2018 on a date to be confirmed of a
deadline for submission of PPI complaints. The deadline for submitting a response to the Consultation Paper is 26 February
2016. RBS intends to respond. 
 
The proposals in the Consultation Paper include an FCA-led communications campaign to raise awareness of the deadline and
to prompt those who intend to complain to act ahead of the deadline. If the proposals are agreed and implemented, RBS
expects higher claims volumes, persisting longer than previously modelled, and additional compensation payments in relation
to PPI claims made as a result of the Plevin judgment. 
 
Complaints made after the proposed 2018 deadline would lose the right to be assessed by firms or by the Financial Ombudsman
Service, bringing an end to new PPI cases in 2018. 
 
PPI complaint volumes during Q4 2015 were in line with previous trends. Actual payments made to settle PPI claims during Q4
covered the four month period from 1 September until 31 December 2015. This is in contrast to payments made during Q3,
which covered the period from 1 June until 31 August 2015. This change was due to enhanced operating processes introduced
in Q4 2015. 
 
Notes 
 
4. Litigation, investigations and reviews (continued) 
 
RBS has made provisions totalling £4.3 billion to date for PPI claims, including £0.5 billion in Q4 2015, of which £3.3
billion had been utilised by 31 December 2015. 
 
Credit default swaps (CDS) investigation 
 
As previously disclosed, in April 2011 the EC opened an antitrust investigation into the CDS information market to which
RBS was a party. In general terms, the EC raised concerns that a number of banks, Markit and ISDA may have jointly
prevented exchanges from entering the CDS market. On 4 December 2015 the EC decided to close the case against RBS and the
other bank parties to the investigation. Markit and ISDA remain party to the investigation. 
 
US/Swiss tax programme 
 
As previously disclosed, in August 2013 the Department of Justice (DOJ) announced a programme for Swiss banks (the
Programme) which provides Swiss banks with an opportunity to obtain resolution, through non-prosecution agreements or
non-target letters,  of the DOJ's investigations of the role that Swiss banks played in concealing the assets of US tax
payers in offshore accounts (US related accounts). In December 2013, Coutts & Co Ltd., a member of the Group incorporated
in Switzerland, notified the DOJ that it intended to participate in the Programme.  As required by the Programme, Coutts &
Co Ltd. subsequently conducted a review of its US related accounts and presented the results of the review to the DOJ. On
23 December 2015, Coutts & Co Ltd. entered into a non-prosecution agreement (the NPA) in which Coutts & Co Ltd. paid a
US$78.5 million penalty and acknowledged responsibility for certain conduct set forth in a statement of facts accompanying
the agreement.  Under the NPA, which has a term of four years, Coutts & Co Ltd. is required, among other things, to provide
certain information, cooperate with DOJ's investigations, and commit no US federal offenses.  If Coutts & Co Ltd. abides by
the NPA, the DOJ will not prosecute it for certain tax-related and monetary transaction offenses in connection with US
related accounts. 
 
German prosecutor investigation into Coutts & Co Ltd. 
 
A prosecuting authority in Germany undertook an investigation into Coutts & Co Ltd. in Switzerland, and current and former
employees, for alleged aiding and abetting of tax evasion by certain Coutts & Co Ltd. clients. Coutts & Co Ltd. cooperated
with the relevant authorities and on 4 December 2015 paid EUR 23.8 million to settle the investigation against it. The
settlement amount was covered by an existing provision. 
 
5. Recent developments 
 
Preference share dividends 
 
The Group has resumed payments on all discretionary non-equity capital instruments following the end of the European
Commission ban in 2012 for RBS and 2013 for RBS N.V. Future coupons and dividends on hybrid capital instruments will only
be paid subject to, and in accordance with, the terms of the relevant instruments. 
 
In the context of macro-prudential policy discussions, the Board decided to partially neutralise any impact on 
 
CET1 capital of coupon and dividend payments for 2013, 2014 and 2015. £300 million of new equity was issued during the
course of 2015 and the Board has decided a further £300 million of new equity will be issued during the course of 2016 to
again partially neutralise the CET1 impact of coupon and dividend payments. 
 
Statement of directors' responsibilities 
 
The responsibility statement below has been prepared in connection with the Group's full Annual Report and Accounts for the
year ended 31 December 2015. 
 
We, the directors listed below, confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 
 
·      the financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, give a true and
fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the company and the undertakings included in
the consolidation taken as a whole; and 
 
·      the Strategic Report and Directors' report (incorporating the Business review) include a fair review of the
development and performance of the business and the position of the company and the undertakings included in the
consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face. 
 
By order of the Board 
 
 Howard Davies  Ross McEwan      Ewen Stevenson           
 Chairman       Chief Executive  Chief Financial Officer  
 
 
25 February 2016 
 
Board of directors 
 
 Chairman       Executive directors        Non-executive directors                                
 Howard Davies  Ross McEwanEwen Stevenson  Sandy CrombieAlison DavisMorten FriisRobert Gillespie  
                                           Penny Hughes                                           
                                           Brendan NelsonBaroness NoakesMike Rogers               
 
 
Forward-looking statements 
 
Certain sections in this document contain 'forward-looking statements' as that term is defined in the United States Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, such as statements that include the words 'expect', 'estimate', 'project',
'anticipate', 'believe', 'should', 'intend', 'plan', 'could', 'probability', 'risk', 'Value-at-Risk (VaR)', 'target',
'goal', 'objective', 'may', 'endeavour', 'outlook', 'optimistic', 'prospects' and similar expressions or variations on
these expressions. 
 
In particular, this document includes forward-looking statements relating, but not limited to: The Royal Bank of Scotland
Group's (RBS) restructuring which includes the separation and divestment of Williams & Glyn, the proposed restructuring of
RBS's CIB business, the implementation of the UK ring-fencing regime, the implementation of a major development program to
update RBS's IT infrastructure and the continuation of its balance sheet reduction programme, as well as capital and
strategic plans, divestments, capitalisation, portfolios, net interest margin, capital and leverage ratios and requirements
liquidity, risk-weighted assets (RWAs), RWA equivalents (RWAe), Pillar 2A, return on equity (ROE), profitability,
cost:income ratios, loan:deposit ratios, AT1 and other funding plans, funding and credit risk profile; litigation,
government and regulatory investigations RBS's future financial performance; the level and extent of future impairments and
write-downs; including with respect to Goodwill; future pension contributions and RBS's exposure to political 

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